By making investigation on the animals with venom protein and peptied.In China sea we find that Coelenterata of them mainly includes 14 kinds of Jellyfist,15 kinds of Sea anemone,one kind of Corals and two kinds of Hydrozoa,altogether 32 kinds;Mollusea of them mainly includes 34 kinds of Conus,two kinds of Aplysia and 3 kinds of Cephalopoda,altogether 39 kinds;Nemartina of them has one kind;Echinodermata of them mainly includes two kinds of starfish and 8 kinds of Sea urchins,altogether 10 kinds;fishes of them mainly include one kind of Venomous fishes,two kinds of Ichthyocrinotoxic fishes and 74 kinds of Venomous fishes,altogether 77 kinds;Sea snake is 15 kinds.These animals with venom protein and peptide mainly are distributed in South sea of China.

Objective To prove insulin resistance-induced by free fatty acid(FFA)with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and assess the prevention from this resistance by N-acetylcysteine(NAC).Methods Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,each of which received infusion of IH(20% intralipid +20 U/mL heparin),IH+NAC,NAC,and saline respectively for 7 h.Two-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was made after 5h infusion.During the infusion and clamp the rats were awake.Blood samples were taken for measuring insulin,FFA and maleic dialdehyde(MDA)at 0 min,280 min,290 min,300 min,340 min,380 min,400 min,410 min and 420 min.The insulin sensitive index was calculated.Results Plasma FFA and MDA levels in IH group were significantly elevated compared with those in control,IH+NAC and NAC groups,P

Objective To investigate the relationship of the anti-inflammatory effects of tetramethylprazine with histamine and 5-hydroxytryptaphane(5-HT).Methods The contents of histamine and 5-HT in the inflammatory exudate of rats were determined by fluorescence technique.The effect of tetramethylprazine on histamine and 5-HT were analyzed by in-vitro ileum contraction test in guinea pigs.Results Tetramethylprazine significantly decreased the contents of histamine and 5-HT in the inflammatory exudate,and markedly antagonized the contraction of isolated ileum induced by histamine and 5-HT.Conclusion The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of tetramethylprazine may be related to the inhibition of the synthesis or release of histamine and 5-HT,as well as its direct antagonism.

Objective To observe the effects of fluorosis on the levels of endogenous cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in rats.Methods According to body weight,forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats (body weight 105-180 g) were divided into three groups by a random number table(16 rats in each group,half male).Fluorine contents of the feed in control group,low-fluoride group and high-fluoride group were 9.80,15.40 and 23.80 mg/kg.After 6 months of fluorine exposure,the fluorine contents of urine and bone were determined by the method of fluorine ion-selective electrode ; H2S levels in serum and brain and the activity of CBS in brain were detected by methylene blue; and protein expression of CBS was detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with control group,dental fluorosis was found in rats of low-fluoride and high-fluoride groups.The differences of fluorine contents of urine and femur were statistically significant between groups(F =65.16,67.93,all P ＜ 0.05).The urinary and femoral fluorine in low-fluoride groups [(5.25 ± 0.45)mg/L,(1 196.54 ± 72.78)mg/kg] and high-fluoride groups[(13.17 ± 0.98)mg/L,(2 656.61 ± 170.12)mg/kg] were higher than those of control groups [(3.64 ± 0.20)mg/L,(870.71 ± 71.51)mg/kg,all P ＜ 0.05],and the increases were in a dose-dependent fashion(all P ＜ 0.01).The differences of H2S contents in serum and brain were statistically significant(F =4.83,1 456.13,all P ＜ 0.05).The H2S content in serum was higher in high-fluoride group [(17.64 ± 2.38) μ mol/L] than that of the control group [(10.29 ± 0.74) μ mol/L,P ＜ 0.01].The H2S contents in brain were higher in the low-fluoride [(364.74 ± 2.06)μmol/L] and high-fluoride groups [(513.43 ± 4.18) μmol/L] than those of the control group[(314.94 ± 0.72)μmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01],and the increase was in a dose-dependent fashion (P ＜ 0.01).The difference of CBS activity was statistically significant between groups (F =760.63,P ＜ 0.01).The CBS activities were lower in low-fluoride [(438.90 ± 2.83) mmol· kg-1· min-1] and high-fluoride groups [(529.83 ± 2.37)mmol· kg-1· min-1] than those of the control group [(596.33 ± 2.75) mmol · kg-1· min-1,all P ＜ 0.01],whereas the protein expression of CBS in brain in high-fluoride group (1.49 ± 0.08) was higher than that of the control group (1.19 ± 0.06,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Chronic fluorosis can affect the levels of endogenous CBS and H2,S,and the increases are in a dose-dependent fashion in addition to CBS activity.

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second common subtype of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. However, there is still a lack of medication that demonstrates clinically relevant symptomatic improvement. Static blood obstructing the brain is the main Chinese medicine syndrome of VaD.

Aim Tongluoxingnao effervescent tablets ( TLXNET) ,based on the ancient formula of QiongGui Tang, can improve cognitive dysfunction in different AD models. This research is aimed to study the effects of TLXNET on the Aβmetabolism and explore the anti-AD mechanism in SH-SY5 Y-APP and SH-SY5 Y-C99 cells. Methods Cells were incubated for 48h in dif-ferent concentrations of medicated serum ( containing 0% ~40% of TLXNET in the serum ) . Firstly, the non-toxic concentration was measured by MTT assay, the activity of cells was detected by LDH methods, and ELISA was used to measure the levels of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 . Then, the gene and protein expressions of APP were detected via RT-PCR and Western blot of which the expressions of shearing fragments such as sAPPα and sAPPβ were investigated by Western blot, the same as the expressions of IDE and NEP. Addi-tionally, the level of mRNA, protein and activity of BACE1 were measured by qRT-PCR, Western blot and fluorescence detection kits respectively. Eventually, MTT assay was performed to detect the cell viability after the SH - SY 5 Y cells were treated with various concentrations of medicated serum and Aβ25-35 for 48h. Results There was no significant toxicity of TLXNET medicated serum in SH-SY5 Y-APP and SH-SY5 Y-C99 cells ( P >0 . 05 ) . TLXNET could signifi-cantly inhibit Aβ secretion in SH-SY5 Y-APP cells ( P<0 . 05 ) , but had no effect on Aβ secretion in SH-SY5Y-C99 cells, the same as the level of APP mRNA and protein in SH-SY5 Y-APP cells and the expressions of IDE and NEP (P>0. 05). Additionally, TLXNET could still notably inhibit the expression of sAPPβ pro-tein in a dose-dependent way, with statistical signifi-cance ( P <0. 05 ) . Meanwhile, the level of mRNA, protein and activity of BACE1 were also significantly decreased by TLXNET (P <0. 01). Moreover, the medicated serum of TLXNET had a protective effect on SH-SY5 Y apoptosis induced by Aβ25-35 ( P <0 . 01 ) . Conclusion TLXNET could obviously inhibit β-secretase enzyme, and has an antagonistic effect a-gainst Aβneurotoxicity, which suggests that the inhibi-tion of β-secretase enzyme and antagonism against Aβneurotoxicity are the main anti-AD mechanism of TLX-NET .

Objective To determine whether dopamine D5 receptor (D5R) regulates the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) by inhibiting oxidative stress.Methods We developed heart-specific hD5 mutant (α-MHC-hD5F173L) and wild type (α-MHC-hD5WT) transgenic mice.The NOX2 expression and ROS production were tested in the transgenic mice at three month of age.The α-MHC-hD5F173L mice were treated with either NADPH oxidase inhibitor Apocynin (1mmol/kg/day) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) as control by intraperitoneal injection for 4 weeks.After then, the indexes of heart function were measured.The hD5WT and hD5F173L were transfected respectively in rat H9C2 cells, in which ROS production and NOX2 expression were detected at basal level.Results The ROS production and NOX2 expression were higher in the heart of α-MHC-hD5F173L than α-MHC-hD5WT mice.Apocynin treatment improved the heart function of α-MHC-hD5F173L mice.NOX2 expression and ROS production were higher in hD5F173L than hD5WT transfected H9C2 cells.Conclusions Dopomine D5 receptor may prevent DCM development by inhibiting oxidative stress.

0.05).The absorption of NCTD was a first-order process with passive diffusion mechanism.The absorption law in vivo was the same as in vitro,the correlation coefficient between them was 0.999 4.Conclusion NCTD-CS-NP could improve the absorption of NCTD in rat small intestine.NCTD is well absorbed at the superior and middle segments of intestine.The concentration of NCTD has no distinctive effect on the absorption kinetics.The release of drug in vitro and its uptake is well correlated.

Abstract: Objective　To understand the contamination status, drug resistance, virulence gene carrying status, and molecular typing characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) in aquatic products sold in Nanchang City. Methods　A total of 170 commercial crayfishes, freshwater fish frogs and related smears samples were collected from various farmers' markets in Nanchang from March to September 2021. The strains of V. parahaemolyticus were detected and isolated from the samples. Antibiotic resistance test, virulence gene test, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) molecular typing analysis were carried out. Results　Among the collected samples, V.parahaemolyticus was only isolated from crayfish and crayfish smear samples, with a total of 35 strains of VP isolated. No V.parahaemolyticus strain was isolated from other freshwater fish, frogs, and their smear samples. Among the 17 common antibiotics tested, only two trains showed resistance to ampicillin, and one strain to streptomycin, , and all were sensitive to other antibiotics; all 35 strains of V. parahaemolyticus carried the gene, but only one strain carried the heat-resistant related hemolysin gene trh, and no direct heat-resistant hemolysin gene tdh positive strain was found; PFGE pattern clustering showed that there was no strain with the same PFGE pattern, and there was no obvious dominant cluster among these strains, and their genetic relationship was relatively distant. Conclusions　The contamination of V. parahaemolyticus in small and medium-sized crayfish sold in the market in Nanchang City is relatively serious. The V. parahaemolyticus isolates in these polluted crayfish generally do not carry key virulence genes such as tdh, are sensitive to common antibiotics, and only have low-level resistance to ampicillin and streptomycin. PFGE pattern clustering showed that V. parahaemolyticus does not have no obvious dominant cluster, and these strains have rich genetic diversity, indicating that they may have different sources.

Objective:To investigate the clinical significance of soluble growth stimulating expression gene 2 protein (sST2) combined with neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in the prediction of nosocomial cardiovascular adverse events in patients with acute carbon monoxide poisoning (ACOP) myocardial injury.Methods:Patients with ACOP myocardial injury from January 2017 to December 2019 in Emergency Ward and EICU of Harrson International Peace Hospital, Hebei Medical University were enrolled. NLR was calculated by routine blood examination on admission, and sST2 (T 0sST2, T 3dsST2) was detected by ELISA on admission and at 3 days after admission. According to the occurrence of cardiovascular adverse events, the patients were divided into the event group and the non-event group. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of in-hospital cardiovascular adverse events. ROC curve was used to analyze the value of sST2, NLR, sST2 and NLR combined in predicting the occurrence of in-hospital cardiovascular adverse events in patients with ACOP myocardial injury. Results:Totally 255 patients with ACOP myocardial injury were included in the final analysis. NLR was (13.38±4.33) in the event group and (9.57±4.22) in the non-event group, T 3dsST2 was (61.59±22.67) ng/mL in the event group and (40.52±13.14) ng/mL in the non-event group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.01). T 0sST2 was (265.34±89.95) ng/mL in the event group and (242.43±93.09) ng/mL in the non-event group, with no statistically significant difference ( P=0.333). Logistic regression analysis showed that NLR ( OR=1.270, 95% CI: 1.125-1.434, P<0.01) and T 3dsST2 ( OR=1.082, 95% CI: 1.052-1.114, P<0.01) were independent risk factors for nosocomial cardiovascular adverse events in patients with ACOP myocardial injury. The optimal cutoff value of T 3dsST2 was 44.5 ng/mL, and of NLR was 12.08. The sensitivity and specificity of dual T 3dsST2 and NLR in predicting nosocomial cardiovascular adverse events was 79.3% and 82.7%, respectively (AUC 0.857, Youden index 0.620). Conclusions:T 3dsST2 and NLR are independent risk factors for the nosocomial cardiovascular adverse events in patients with ACOP myocardial injury. The predictive cutoff values are 44.5 ng/mL for T 3dsST2 and 12.08 for NLR. Combination of T 3dsST2 and NLR has a practical predictive value for nosocomial cardiovascular adverse events in patients with ACOP myocardial injury.