OBJECTIVE:To review drug use in the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital.METHODS:1000pediatric prescriptions during Aug.1to Aug.20,2004and another1000during Aug.1to Aug.20,2005were collected from the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital,and which were subjected to statistical analysis using international indicators of rational drug use and DDDs.RESULTS:The usage of injection accounted for12.3%in2004and11.4%in2005.The usage of anti-infectives stood at84.20%in2005,accounting for46.11%of total drug consumption sum.Azithromycin and cefaclor respectively dominated the first place on the lists of consumption sum and DDDs.CONCLUSION:The practice of Prescription Management Rules(trial)helps improving the use of injections in the pediatric outpatient department of our hospital.However,there are still many problems,which needs to be tackled in the application of anti-infectives and further intervention measures needs to be taken.

Objective To identify the biological and molecular biological characteristics of SN7 virus isolated from Niviventer Confucianus in Sichuan province. Methods Monoclonal antibody, PRNT and PCR antigenicity analysis and genotyping of SN7 strain were performed. M and S segments of SN7 genome were also cloned and sequenced. The sequences were compared with those of other strains of Hantavirus. Results It was difficult to identify SN7 by using monocloncal antibody, PRNT and PCR. With sequence comparison, we found that strain SN7 had high homology(80.2%～87.1% of M segment and 76.6%～92.0% of S segment) with HTN type strains, and relatively low homology(70.0%～71.6% of M segment and 71.0%～72.2% of S segment) with SEO type strains. Strain SN7 was believed to belong to HTN type. Conclusions SN7 is a new subtype strain of HTN type viruses. It is possible that Hantavirus has immune escape in its natural hosts.

Objective To investigate the psychological experiences of young uremic patients during different periods waiting for renal donor .Methods The phenomenology study method was adopted to conduct the semi-structure interviews in young uremic patients waiting for renal donor .Results The four themes were summarized:(1) having hope at the early stage (0—6 months);(2) ineffective coping at the middle stage(7—12 months);(3)uncertainty at the late stage(13—24 months);(4)serious negative emo-tion(more than 2 years) .Conclusion The young uremic patients patients waiting for renal donors have complex and changeable psychological experience .Medical staff should provide the pertinent professional support for promoting the living quality of patients by aiming at the psychological characteristics in young uremic patients .

Objective To investigate imaging findings of lung injury after seawater drowning.Methods The imaging data in 12 cases with seawater drowning treated in our hospital in the past 8 years were analyzed retrospectively.Results After 2 to 12 hours of leaving the water,the initial chest X-ray examinations or CT scans were taken.The initial X-ray films displayed the lung markings increase,the small patch shadows or wide distribution patch shadows.CT showd large ground-glass density,diffuse patchy or flocculus shadows and different degress of emphysema in bilateral lung.Most of the foci were absorbed obviously in 1 to 3 days.In 1 case,the focus formed pulmonary abscess later.Conclusion X-ray and CT examinations can clearly show the severity and changes of lung damage in seawater submersion victims,and that can provide important informations for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) refers to the systolic regurgitation of mitral valve secondary to compromised cardiac function or geometry abnormity with non-organic change of leaflets and ancillary parts of the valve.Severe aortic insufficiency (AI) with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction is clinically a complex heart disease and its postoperative complications and mortality are higher than usual valvular surgery.And such patients are often accompanied by FMR.It is generally acknowledged that FMR may improve after aortic valve replacement(AVR).This study follow up AI patients with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction and preoperative 2 + ＜ FMR≤3 + to evaluate the outcome of FMR after AVR.Preoperative clinical data is assessed by regression analysis.Methods From January 2000 to April 2011 our hospital treated 74 cases of patients with severe aortic regurgitation combined with left ventricular dilation (LVEDds ≥70 mm) and dysfunction (left ventricle ejection fraction,LVEF≤0.35) accompanied by 2 + ＜ FMR≤3 +.Postoperative follow-up was performed.Results The perioperative mortality rate was 8.1％.Average follow-up time was (14.9 ± 7.7) months and follow-up rate of 83.6％.5 patients died during follow-up.6 months after surgery,the average of FMR was (2.64 ± 1.17) (+),compared with preoperative data.LVEDd,LAD,CPMA,all P ＞ 0.05 compared with the preoperative data.LVEF,PAH,both P ＜ 0.05 compared with preoperative data.3.Multiple regression analysis:FMR pre/FMR post ratio is not correlated with age,gender,weight,LVEDd ≥ 75 mm,LVEF≤0.30,hypertension,ventricular arrhythmia and FMR postoperative improvement.However,PAH ≥ 50 mm Hg(1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),LAD ≥ 50 mm,PAH≥50 mm Hg,CPMA ≥ 15mm,preoperative atrial fibrillation was negatively correlated with FMR postoperative improvement.Conclusion Severe AI with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction is a critical clinical heart disease and its postoperative complications and mortality are high.PAH ≥ 50 mm Hg,LAD ≥ 50 mm,PAH ≥ 50 nun Hg,CPMA ≥ 15mm,preoperative atrial fibrillation was negatively correlated with FMR postoperative improvement.Since patients with 2 + ＜ FMR ≤3 + usually do not improve or even worsen after AVR,those who have these above conditions preoperatively,should be treated on FMR during AVR.

Objective Functional mitral regurgitation (FMR) refers to the systolic regurgitation of mitral valve secondary to compromised cardiac function or geometry abnormity with non-organic change of leaflets and ancillary parts of the valve.Severe aortic insufficiency (AI) with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction is clinically a complex heart disease and its postoperative complications and mortality are higher than usual valvular surgery.And such patients are often accompanied by FMR.It is generally acknowledged that FMR may improve after aortic valve replacement (AVR).This study follow up AI patients with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction and preoperative 2 + ＜ FMR ≤3 + to evaluate the outcome of FMR after AVR.Preoperative clinical data is assessed by regression analysis.Methods From January 2000 to April 2011,74 cases of patients were treated,who with severe aortic regurgitation combined with left ventricular dilation (left ventricle,LVEDD ≥ 70 mm) and dysfunction (left ventricle ejection fraction,LVEF ≤ 0.35) accompanied by 2 + ＜ FMR ≤3 +.Postoperative follow-up was performed.Calculation FMR preoperative/FMR postoperative ratio,the age,sex,weight,high blood pressure,ventricular arrhythmia,atrium fibrillation,LVEDD,LVEF,left atrium diameter(LAD),pulmonary artery pressure (PAH),mitral leaflet coaptation point and the mitral annular(CPMA).All factors for logistic multiple faotors regression analysis.Results The perioperative mortality rate was 8.1％.Average follow-up time was (14.9 ± 7.7) months and follow-up rate of 83.6％.5 patients died during follow-up.6 months after surgery,the average of FMR was 2.64 ± 1.17 (+),P ＞0.05 compared with preoperative data.LVEDD,LAD,CPMA,P ＞0.05 compared with the preoperative data.LVEF,PAH,both P ＜0.05 compared with preoperative data.3.Multiple regression analysis:FMR preoperative/FMR postoperative ratio is not correlated with age,gender,weight,LVEDD ≥75 mm,LVEF≤0.30,hypertension,ventricular arrhythmia and FMR postoperative improvement.However,PAH ≥50 mm Hg,LAD ≥50 mm,PAH ≥50 mm Hg,CPMA ≥ 15 mm,preoperative atrial fibrillation was negatively correlated with FMR postoperative improvement.Conclusion Severe AI with left ventricular dilation and dysfunction is a critical clinical heart disease and its postoperative complications and mortality were high.PAH ≥50 mm Hg,LAD ≥50 mm,PAH ≥50 mm Hg,CPMA ≥15 mm,preoperative atrial fibrillation was negatively correlated with FMR postoperative improvement.Since patients with 2 + ＜ FMR≤3 + usually do not improve or even worsen after AVR,those who have these above conditions preoperatively,should be treated on FMR during AVR.

Objective To explore the application of atomic force microscopy( AFM ) on the research of morphology of the rabies viruses. Methods To prepare the rabies virus CTN-1v strains by ultracentrifugation, and observe it with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) which negatively stained by phosphotungstic acid. Then study the morphology of rabies virus with AFM based on the result of TEM. AFM image applies the tapping mode to rabies virus without any further treatment in air at room temperature. Results The TEM image is two-dimensional image which can be seen the classical bullet-shaped structure,and the spike structure can also be seen. The AFM image showed the rabies virus morphology with three-dimensional image which can shows the characteristics of the virus surface and edge. The rabies virus particle was successfully observed by TEM or AFM methods. Conclusion It's the first time to get the three-dimensional morphological structure of rabies virus by atomic force microscopy, compared with transmission electron microscopy, AFM is a new research tool for viral morphology study with the advantages of simple sample preparing and intuitionistic and visible interface for researchers.

OBJECTIVEIn order to accurately reconstruct the acoustic source image, the application of transducer's receiving characteristics in magneto-acoustic tomography with magnetic induction (MAT-MI) is studied.

METHODSThe conductivity phantom model is built, and the magnetic acoustic signals are simulated and the acoustic sources are reconstructed according to the transducer's receiving characteristics.

RESULTSThe reconstructed image of acoustic source is consistent with the topographic shape and size of the phantom model.

CONCLUSIONMAT-MI based on the transducer's characteristics lays the foundation for further study.

According to fundus fluorescein angiography images characteristics, this paper proposes a feature based image mosaic vessel edge method. First, detect edge of blood vessels by carrying on the pretreatment to the fundus fluorescein angiography image in the foundation, wavelet edge detection algorithm. Then, the matching method based on chain code feature is described. Finally, a local area based on gray level information of the image fusion method is applied to angiographic image series. Data processing results show that the method can generate an ideal mosaic effect.
Fluorescein Angiography ; methods ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Radiography ; Retinal Vessels ; diagnostic imaging

In this study, the automatic segmentation of the irregular lesion region in the image of fundus fluorescence angiography was actualized by means of the modified Back Propagation (BP) neural network method. Combining the transfer scaling coefficient between pixel of the image and the actual size, the area of the irregular lesion region was measured. The results may provide valuable data for the clinical diagnosis, treatment and prognostic evaluation.
Algorithms ; Fluorescein Angiography ; methods ; Nerve Net ; Retinal Diseases ; diagnosis ; pathology