Objective:To study the treatment of V pattern strabismus with the overaction of inferior oblique muscles.Methods:The symmetrical weakening procedure on bilateral inferior oblique muscles and recession or shortening of horizontal rectus were performed.Results:V pattern of all disappeared in 29 cases.Two remained esotropia in primary position,one with vertical strabismus.Conclusion:Symmetrical weakening procedure on bilateral inferior oblique muscles is an effective surgical operation for treating V pattern with the overaction of inferior oblique.

Objective To compared the decreasing characteristics of formaldehyde and benzene concentrations in indoor air after decoration. Methods The concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene in indoor air of hotels were determined within one week, one year and more than one year after decoration. Results The concentrations of benzene in indoor air reached the peak(mean: 0.534 mg/m 3) within one week after decoration, and then decreased gradually.The concentrations of formaldehyde were not high within one week after decoration,and then increased gradually, reached the peak (mean: 0.141 mg/m 3) within one year after decoration,then decreased gradually. Conclusion After decoration,the decreasing characteristics of the concentrations of formaldehyde and benzene showed a difference that the concentrations of benzene decreased faster than that of formaldehyde did.

Objective To explore the role of p38MAPK and TGF?2 in the development of diabetic retinopathy.Methods Fifteen Hamsters were induced into diabetic models by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin(40 mg/kg once a day) for 3 d and 13 Hamsters were successfully established,whose blood glucose was over 13.5 mmol/L.Ten Hamsters as controls were intraperitoneally injected of physical saline of the same volume.At 16th week after induction,the total RNA of retina from all sacrificed Hamsters was collected.The mRNA expressions of p38MAPK,TGF?2 in retina were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and their protein levels by Western blotting.Results The mRNA expressions of p38MAPK,TGF?2 in retina were of high tendency and their protein levels increased.Conclusion p38MAPK signal pathway may involve in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

Objective To investigate the combination of compound anisodine and physical therapy in the treatment of amblyopia,and its possible mechanism.Methods Totally 300 outpatients with amblyopia(3 to 14 years old) were randomly and equally divided into treatment group and control group.In the treatment group,subcutaneous injection of compound anisodine(2 ml,once per day) to the superficial temporal artery of eye was given for a course of 14 d and followed by another course after 5 days'interval.Cover treatment was carried out at the same time.The control group was only treated with physical therapy.Vision,central retinal artery peak systolic velocity(PSV) and diastolic resistance index(RI) were measured during the 3 months' follow-up.Results The 3 to 6-year-old efficiency was 75.0%,7 to 9-year-old efficiency was 69.6%,and 10 to 14-year-old efficiency was 61.1% ;The difference of efficiency between therapy group and control group was very significant(P0.05).Conclusion Compound anisodine plus physical therapy for amblyopia at different ages and varying degrees are effective and safe.The mechanism may be due to enhanced retinal blood supply.

Objective To study reliability and validity of incontinence impact questionnaire short form (IIQ-7) in the Chinese population. Methods IIQ-7 form was translated into Chinese; 74 patients with urinary incontinence completed the IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version and short-form 12-item health survey (SF-12) questionnaires. The urinary incontinence patient also ran a 1 hour pad test. Then, reliability and validity of those forms were analyzed. Results The Cronbach's alpha of IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version was 0. 824 (P <0. 01). The intra-class correlation coefficient of IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version was 0. 749 (P < 0.01) . IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version scores were negatively correlated with SF-12 scores (Spearman correlation coefficient: - 0. 570, P < 0. 01) , IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version scores were positively correlated with 1 hour pad test (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0.461, P < 0. 01) , IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version scores were also positively correlated with the course of disease (Spearman correlation coefficient: 0. 235 , P < 0. 05) . Factor analysis of IIQ-7 simplified Chinese version showed good construct validity. Conclusions The simplified Chinese version of IIQ-7 has higher reliability and validity in the Chinese population. They are highly recommended for clinical treatment and research.