BACKGROUND: Many kinds of immunosuppressive drugs. such as cyclosporine A. are commonly used against rejection in organ transplantation, but are lack of selectivity and specificity. They have potent effective on primary immune response rather than on secondary immune response. OBJECTIVE: To develop cell models with low immunity by adding cyclosporine A into splenic lymphocytes for observing the immune-regulating effects of rat serum containing securidaca inappendiculata hassk on lymphocytes. DESIGN: Randomized and controlled Chinese medicine serum pharmacological experiment. TIME AND SETTING: Performed at the Laboratory Center for Medical Science, Guangxi Medical University between June and September 2007. MATERIALS: Forty healthy adult Wistar rats were selected for preparation of senum containing securidaca inappendiculata hassk, and the splenic lymphocytes originated from eight healthy adult Kunming mouse were used for testing immunological function. Securidaca inappendiculata hassk decoction (Lot No.2006 1220) was kindly gifted by Yulin Pharmaceutical Factory, China. Concanavalin A [ConA, Fluka, Switzerland Lot No.10578] was the product of Fluka Company, Switzerland; Cyclosporine A (100 mg/L, Lot No.20070108) was purchased from the North China Drugs Manufacture Group, China. METHODS: Rats were intragastrically administered sethridaca inappendiculata hassk 10.1,5.0.2.5 g/kg/d for a total of 7 days, to prepare rat serum containing different levels of securidaca inappendiculata hassk.20 mg/LConA(50 μ L/well),serum containing securidaca inappendiculata hassk (50 μ L/well), cyclosporine A(100 μ L/well),and splenic lymphocyte suspension(100 μL/well)were added into 96-well plate. Serum without medicine was taken as control. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: 96-well plate was inoculated for 68 hours after sample adding and for another 4 hours after application of methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). Absorbance (A) value was determined using enzyme reader. RESULTS: A value was significantly higher in the non-medicine blood serum+Con A group than in the non-medicine blood serum(P＜0.01).The medicine blood serum+Con A group had significantly higher A value than non-medicine blood serum+Con A group(P＜0.01).A value was significantly lower in the non-medicine blood serum+Con A+cyclosperine A group than in the non-medicine blood serum+Con A group(P＜0.01)but was higher than in the non-medicine blood serum group (P＜0.05).High-and middle-dose medicine serum+Con A+cyclosporine A group had higher A value than the non-medicine blood serum+cyclosporine A group (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION:Securidaca inappendiculata hassk can improve the immune function of normal mice and elevate the lower immune function induced by cyclosporine A.which indicates that securidaca inappendiculata hassk has a positive regulatory effect.

The use of golden section was proposed as a beneficial supplementary method in development of digital resources based on the long tail theory according to its advantages and disadvantages in development of digital resources in library.Literature download by retrieving subject headings and classification number showed that golden section could be used as a marking point and a supplementary boundary point in development of digital resources based on the long tail theory, thus improving the efficiency, economy and feasibility in development of digital resources with the limited fund.

Objective To study the effects of ethanol extracts of a Chinese medical herb stem and radix of Securidaca inappendiculata Iassk (CYT), on lymphocyte proliferation and secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-?) of mouse spleen cells in vitro. Methods Different concentrations of ethanol extracts of CYT were added to mouse spleen cell cultures supplemented with ConA. Lymphocyte proliferation reaction was detected by MTT assay. IL-2 and TNF-? secreting level were measured by ELISA. Results Ethanol extract of Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk increased cultured mouse spleen cell proliferation and secretion of IL-2 and TNF-B in the presence of ConA. Conclusion Ethanol extracts of CYT could raise mouse lymphocyte activities in vitro.

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of trimetazidine on experimental myocardial ischemia and its mechanism. Methods: Fifty mice received isoproterenol (20 mg?kg -1 ?2 d,ip) were divided into control and treatment groups. The myocyte ultrastructure,serum creatine phosphokinase (CK) activities and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), myocardial malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed in 3 groups. Results: Compared with the controls,in 2 groups pretreated with trimetazidine (5 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 and 10 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ? 7 d, ip), the degree of myocardial damage were significantly reduced;the serum CK and LDH were lower;the myocardial MDA was lower;the myocardial SOD was higher. Conclusion: Trimetazidine can significantly reduce the degree of myocardial damage produced by isoproterenol;and it may play an important role in protecting ischemic myocardium, the mechanism may be associated with reduced oxygen free radical production.

Objective To investigate the effect of the balance between helper T lymphocyte (Th) 1 cytokines and Th2 cytokines in the serum of hepatic fibrosis rats induced by CCl4 on the expression of β-catenin in their livers. Methods Seventy-five rats were divided into control group,treatment group and model group. Hepatic fibrosis models were built by subcutaneous injection of CCl4in male Wistar rats, then rats in treatment group were treated with pentoxifylline(PTX) by intragastric administration. The model rats without PTX treatment served as treatment control. The serum levels of Th1 cytokines(interferon-γ, IFN-γ; tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α), Th2 cytokines (interleukin-4,IL-4;interleukin-6,IL-6) and type Ⅳ collagen were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression and distribution of β-catenin in liver tissue and the percentage of area of type Ⅳ collagen accounted in the liver were analyzed by immunohistochemical analyses. The changes in serum cytokines were depicted by using One-way ANOVA, and the correlation between β-catenin expression and cytokines levels or hepatic fibrosis development was elucidated by Bivariate.Results The serum levels of Th2 cytokines in model group were significantly higher than those in treatment group, and even higher than those in control group (F=71. 260,91. 732, all P＜0.05).However, the levels of Th1 cytokines in model group were significantly lower than in treatment group while even lower than those in control group(F= 50. 420,10. 625, all P＜0.05). Serum cytokines came out to be Th2 polarized. Meanwhile, the percentage of type Ⅳ collagen area accounted in the liver,which was corresponding to the degree of liver fibrosis, was lower in the treatment group than the model group and even lower in control group (F=3 000,both P<0.05). β-catenin expression in the liver of model group was stronger than that in the treatment group, and even stronger than that in normal group (F=92. 030, both P＜0. 05). According to β-catenin immunohistochemical analyses based on patho-photos, livers from the model group showed dark color in both cell cytoplasm and nucleus, while the liver from the treatment group only showed weak color in cytoplasm and no straining color in nucleus and the liver from normal group showed colors neither in cytoplasm nor in the nucleus.The expression of β-eatenin had a positive correlation with either the level of Th2 cytokines in serum of rats (r=0. 560,P＜0.01) or the percentage of area of type Ⅳ collagen accounted in the liver of rats (r=0. 757, P＜0. 01). Conclusions Th2 polarization in serum cytokines can aggravate the development of liver fibrosis by inducing the expression of β-catenin, which in the livers of rats is a reflection of the degree of the liver fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic evidences of pleural tuberculosis (PT).Methods One hundred and eighty patients with pleural effussion, whom were admited into our hospital from December 2007 to December 2009 ,were enrolled into this study. The clinical data of patients confirmed with PT ( n = 90) or Non-PT ( n = 90) were analyzed retrospectively. The likelihood ratios( LR), sensitivity, specificity,positive predictive value,and nagative predictive value of six indices including pleural ADA, IFN-γ, sIL-2R ,TB-antibody in blood and pleural effusion, age and fever status were calculated. Results The variable with the hightest LR+ was ADA optimal threshold, followed by TB-antibody, IFN-γ, age, sIL-2R, fever status, If all six variables reached the optimal threshold,the probabilities of PT exceeded 99.9%. However,if all variables didn't reached the optimal threshold, the probabilities of PT were less than 1%. Among all the six variables, any four or over four variables reached the optimal threshold, the probabilities of PT exceeded 97%. Conclusion The combination use of these six variables can aid the clinical analysis, early detection, and therapy instruction,complication prevention of PT.

AIM: To determine the contents of corilagin in Erodium stephanianum Willd. from different collection month and to define the best collection time for this herb. METHODS: The contents of corilagin in each samples of E. stephanianum were determined by HPLC. RESULTS: The linear regression of corilagin was obtained in the range of 0.22～1.10?g. The average recovery was 98.6% with a RSD of 0.63%. CONCLUSION: The content of corilagin in E. stephanianum collected in August is the highest among the samples throughout the collection months.

Objective To investigate the effects of total alkaloids in Buxus microphylla leaves (ABML) on isolated rats thoracic aorta rings,and then to explore the possible mechanisms underlying the effects.MethodsThoracic aortas of Wistar rats were isolated,removed,and mounted onto an organ bath.The effects of ABML at different concentration on the contraction of isolated thoracic aorta rings (with and without endothelium) precontracted with KC1 or PE were observed with organ bath technique.Dose-effect curves of CaCl2 were recorded by organ bath technique.The concentration of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) increased by PE,KCI,and caffeine in the presence of ABML was determined using Ca2+ sensitive fluorescence indicator Fura-2/AM loaded thoracic aorta vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cells of rats.ResultsIn aorta rings precontracted with PE and KCI,ABML produced concentrationdependent relaxation in both intact and denuded endothelium ring groups.There was no difference in the inhibition of contraction between the intact and denuded endothelium ring groups at the same concentration.Exposure of isolated thoracic aorta rings to ABML led to a significant reduction in the contracting response induced by CaCI2,and shifted the cumulative concentration-response curves to right.ABML could significantly inhibit the extracellular Ca2+ influx induced by PE and KCI under [Ca2+]0 of 1.5 mmol/L,with inhibitory ratios of 40.2％ and 49.9％,respectively.In the case of Ca2+-free,ABML could significantly inhibit the intracellular Ca2+ release induced by PE,with inhibitory ratio of 72.4％.ConclusionABML relaxes thoracic aorta VSM cells by suppressing influx of extracellular Ca2+ via voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel and receptor-operated Ca2+ channel.

Objective To provide guidance for oral health prevention by investigating oral health status of 480 Lahu people.Methods Oral health status of 480 Lahu people were investigated by trained dental therapists using standard diagnostic criteria and record.Participants were divided into 4 groups according to their age.Results The Lahu People in Linxiang county suffered from severe dental caries and periodontal disease.The caries prevalence rate among children of 5 years old was 78.3％.The rate of calculus among the children of 12 years old was 75％.The prevalence rates of caries and periodontal pockets were 91.7％ and 43.3％ among the adults between 35 and 44 years old.The above data were significantly higher than the results of the Third National Oral Health Survey.The rates of gingival bleeding and periodontal pocket were 51.7％ and 49.2％ among the aged from 65 to 74 years old,which were lower than that of the Third National Oral Health Survey.Among the participants,76％ never brushed teeth and 85％ brushed teeth only once a day in people who brushed teeth regularly.Conclusion Poor status and maintenance of oral health in the Lahu People suggest that education and resources for oral health should be invested.

Objective To study the role of echocardiography in case selection in transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defect (VSD) with occluder.Methods Transcatheter closure was conducted on 26 patients with perimembranous VSD. Occluders were made of China. The images were acquired with transthoracic echocardiography. Results Twenty four patients were implanted with occluders successfully. The VSD diameter by echocardiography was 4-10 mm, average was 6.4 mm.The implanted occluder device was 2 mm larger than VSD,the maximal one was 12 mm. Perimembranous VSDs were classified by subinfracristal ( 5 cases ),membranous(6 cases), submembranous (13 cases),and the minimum distance between VSD and aortic valve annulus was 2 mm,between VSD and tricuspid valve was 3 mm. Membranous VSD was easy to be occluded. Echocardiography immediately after placement showed no residual shunt in 21 patients. The one week follow up examination showed complete closures in 21 patients. Echocardiography immediately after placement showed mild residual shunts in 3 VSD, the residual shunt disappeared after one month in one patient, two patients had mild shunt. Two VSD abandoned the occlusion because of aortic valve regurgitation increasing. Conclusions Echocardiography plays an important role in case selection.