OBJECTIVE:To analyze the characteristics and rules of new and serious ADR induced by Chinese patent medicine in Wuhan during 2012-2013,and to improve the monitoring levels of Chinese patent medicine-induced ADR and clinical rational drug use. METHODS:New and serious Chinese patent medicine-induced ADR cases reported by 16 districts of Wuhan during 2012-2013 were classified and analyzed statistically. RESULTS:A total of 245 cases of new and serious TCM ADR were reported in 2012-2013,accounting for 13.61% of all reports;the incidence of ADR in patients above 51 years old was the highest,account-ing for 55.51%;42.04%of new and serious ADR induced by Chinese patent medicine occurred within 30 minutes after using medi-cine;among suspected drugs,intravenous dripping was the main way to cause new and serious ADR induced by Chinese patent medicine (50.39%);blood-regulating formula was the main cause of new and serious ADR induced by Chinese patent medicine (40.80%);new and serious ADR induced by Chinese patent medicine mainly manifested as systemic damage(25.97%),followed by lesion of skin and its appendants(18.81%). CONCLUSIONS:It is needed to strengthen the rational use of Chinese patent medi-cine and the supervision of TCM injection for activating blood circulation to dissipate blood stasis,strengthen the supervision and improvement of instruction content of Chinese patent medicine. TCM Pharmacists should carry out the clinical pharmaceutical care.

Objective To establish animal models of diffuse axonal injury (DAI) and discuss the early functional MRI findings.Methods Twenty-five adult white rabbits were divided into control group (n =5),mild DAI group and severe DAI group (n =6) according to random number.Mild DAI group was subdivided into mild DAI 3 h (n =6),1 day (n =4) and 1 week (n =4) groups.Routine MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) were performed.Parameters measured were fractional anisotropy (FA),apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC),axial diffusivity (AD) and radical diffusivity (RD).Results Significantly increased FA (P＜0.01) and decreased ADC (P＜0.05) and RD (P＜0.01) were detected in severe DAI group compared to control group,but there was no significant variation in AD between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Each parameter remained almost unchanged in mild DAI 3 h group and mild DAI 1 week group,but FA was increased (P ＜ 0.01) and RD decreased (P ＜ 0.05) in mild DAI 1 day group,with no changes of ADC and AD.Conclusion DTI is a sensitive way to detect the occurrence and development of DAI and can provide referential images for early DAI diagnosis.

Objective To analyze the correlation between white matter injury and cognitive dysfunction using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Methods Seventeen subjects with TBI hospitalized from October 2012 to September 2013 had Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score of ≥ 13 (mild injury group, 10 cases) and ≤ 12 (moderate-severe injury group, 7 cases).Another 17 healthy subjects were used as controls.All were submitted to DTI examination.Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values in genu corpus callosum, splenium corpus callosum, posterior internal capsule, anterior internal capsule, and cerebral peduncle were calculated using the Neuro 3D software.Correlations between FA and ADC with the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score were evaluated.Results Moderate-severe injury group demonstrated significantly reduced FA values in genu corpus callosum and splenium corpus callosum, and significantly increased ADC values of genu corpus callosum, splenium corpus callosum, posterior internal capsule and cerebral peduncle when compared to control group (P ＜0.05 or 0.01).FA and ADC values in the regions of interest did not differ significantly between mild injury group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).In the genu corpus callosum and splenium corpus callosum, FA values were positively correlated with MMSE score (r =0.636, 0.601), while ADC values were negatively correlated with MMSE score (r =0.552, 0.660).Conclusions DTI reveals the cerebral white matter lesion that is undetectable using CT and conventional MRI.DTI is a helpful tool to evaluate the degree of cognitive function in patients with TBI, which provides the basic reference for the clinical treatment and prognosis.

The blood vessels, nerves and the size of the gracilis muscle were studied in 50 adult Chinese cadavers (43 males and 7 females).In average, the length of the gracilis muscles is 325 mm the breadth is 26.18mm the thickness is 6.56mm. The length of its tendon is 112.78 mm.The nutrient arteries of the gracilis muscle may arise from the profund femoral artery, medial circumflex femoral artery, the first perforating artery, femoral artery, popliteal artery, supreme genicular artery or obturator artery. Among them, the profund femoral artery and femoral artery give off constant branches to the gracilis muscle.The dominant nutrient artery of the gracilis muscle arises from the profund femoral artery in 94 cases (94％), from the medial circumflex femoral artery in 5 cases (5％). There is only one case (1％) arising from the first perforating artery.The average length of the dominant nutrient artery is 83.6mm. Its diameter in the origin is 2.24mm. and outside the hilum, 1.44mm. The distance from the vascular hilum to the pubic tubercle is 142.48mm. The surface respresentation of the dominant neuro-vascular hilum is situated at the junction point of the upper and middle thirds of the line joining the pubic tubercle to the adductor tubercle.There are 72.5％ of the dominant nutrient arteries of the gracilis muscle accompanying with two veins and 27.5％, with only one vein.The gracilis muscle is innervated by the anterior branch of the obturator nerve which accompanies the dominant nutrient artery entering the muscle. Its average diameter is 1.78mm.

The satorius muscle,its blood vessels and nerves have been dissected and examinedin 20 Chinese adult cadavers.It was found,on the average,that the length of thesatorius muscle is 529?8.48mm;the breadth,25.30?0.82mm;and the thickness,10.5?0.66mm.The arteries of the satorius muscle may arise from the surperficial circumflex iliacartery (0.66%?0.46),the femoral artery(58.36%?2.82),the deep femoral artery(3.93?1.11),the lateral circumflex femoral artery and its branches(13.44%?1.95),the supreme genicular artery(20.98%?2.33)and the popliteal artery(2.62%?0.91).There may be 5～13 arterial branches,averaging 7.6,in each satorius muscle,distributing roughly and evenly to the whole muscle,with an interval of about 7cmbetween two adjacent arteries and showing segmental distribution.The upper one third of the satorius muscle is mainly supplied by the branchesof the deep femoral artery and the lateral circumflex femoral artery while theinferior one third,by the branches of the supreme genicular artery.Therefore twoisolated flaps may be planned depending on the arteries mentioned above.The satorius muscle is innervated by the femoral nerve.70% of the cases arewith 1～2 branches of nerves,which,before entering the muscle,may give out 1～7twigs.