ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tolterodine tartrate in treating patients with early overactive bladder(OAB) symptoms after transurethral resection prostate (TURP).Methods Thirty-one patients who received TURP and were found OAB at recent follow-up were enrolled and divided by random digits table method into study group ( 16 cases) and control group ( 15 cases).The patients in study group were treated with 2 mg tolterodine tartrate twice a day for four weeks,while the changes of OAB in control group were observed.The OAB symptoms score (OABSS),maximum flow rate(Qmax),24 h urination and adverse reactions during the period of medication of two groups before and after treatment were recorded and observed.Results The second evaluation,all the indexes except Qmax in study group improved significantly compared with those of the first evaluation in study group and control group the second evaluation.The indexes included urination times[(6.8 ± 1.0) times vs.( 12.5 ± 1.5) times,(11.8 ± 1.2)times],urgency times[(1.4 ± 1.1) times vs.(4.1 ±2.2) times,(4.1 ±2.3) times],urine volume [(214 ±36) ml vs.( 177 ± 46) ml,( 178 ± 44) ml ],nocturia times [ ( 1.9 ± 0.7) times vs.(2.9 ± 1.3 ) times,(2.8 ±1.4) times ],urge incontinence times [ (0.6 ± 0.5 ) times vs.( 1.6 ± 1.0) times,( 1.5 ± 1.0) times ].OABSS in study group the second evaluation was significantly lower than that in the first evaluation in study group and the second evaluation in control group [ (3.6 ± 1.8 ) scores vs.( 7.6 ± 3.3 ) scores,(7.4 ± 3.2) scores,P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05 ].There was no statistical significance in all the indexes in control group between the first evaluation and the second evaluation (P ＞ 0.05).There were 2 cases with adverse reactions which performed as dry mouth which could be tolerant.ConclusionTolterodine tartrate is efficient and safe in treating patients with early OAB symptoms after TURP.

OBJECTIVE:To determine whether bacterial endotoxins test(BET) can replace the pyrogen test for the sodium bicarbonate injection.METHODS:The comparative experiment of tachypleus amebocyte lysate(TAL) and rabbits were studied to determine the sensitivity.RESULTS:The sensitivity of TAL test was 0.125 EU.ml－1, 12 times higher than that of using rabbits.CONCLUSIONS:BET may replace pyrogen test.

Objective To assess the changes in the effect compartment concentration (Ce) and bispectral index (BIS) during a step-by-step TCI of propofol in the elderly.Methods Ten ASA Ⅰ -Ⅱ patients (6 male, 4 female) aged 67-77yr and weighing 51-78kg, undergoing elective surgery were studied. Patients with severe cardiovascular disease were excluded. The patients were unpremedicated. Anesthesia was induced with propofol administered by a TCI system (Diprifusor) . The target concentration (Ct) of propofol was increased step-by-step from 1?g?ml-1 to 4?g?ml-1 in 6 steps. At each step Ct increased by 0.5?g?ml-1 and the interval between the two steps was 2min. The changes in Ce (calculated and displayed by Diprifusor) and BIS were recorded. Modified OAA/S sedation score were measured. Blood samples were taken from artery for determination of blood concentration of propofol (Cb) before TCI (T0 ) and when Ct was 1, 2, 3, and 4?g*******ml-1 (T1-4) in 5 randomly selected patients.Results (1) Ce consistently increased with the increase in Ct and there was a delay between Ct and Ce. When Ct was increased to 4?g*******ml-1, it took (14.4 ? 0.5) min to achieve the balance between Ct and Ce. (2) Cb of propofol was higher than Ct of propofol at each step. MDPE and MDAPE was 9.7% and 11.2% respectively. (3) There was a close correlation between BIS and Ct, Ce and OAA/S score( r = - 0.878, - 0.888 and 0.913 respectively , P

To evaluate the inhibitory effects of fas gene transduction on oesophageal cancer cells in vitro, the eukaryotic expression vector fas pBK was constructed and transfected into oesophageal carcinoma cells EC109. Western blot results showed high expression of Fas protein in gene transfected cells Fas EC109. Cell growth curve and plating efficiency test revealed that Fas EC109 had longer population doubling time and lower plating efficiency compared with control cells. Results of MTT assay showed increased sensitivity of Fas EC109 cells to CDDP, VCR and 5 FU. All these data suggested that transgenic expression of fas gene could effectively inhibit the proliferation and increase the drug sensitivity of oesophageal carcinoma cells in vitro.

Elderly agrypnia patients were given with different doses of melatonin. Patients′ falling a sleep time, coming into effect time, sleep lasting time and adverse effect of melatonin were observed to study the effect and safety of melatonin on elderly agrypnia patients. The results showed melatonin could effectively improve the agrypnia suffered by elderly patients. Patients′ falling a sleep time was shortened and sleep lasting time prolonged after taking melatonin. The effect of melatonin increased along with increase of its dose.There were no adverse effects observed. Our study indicates that melatonin has a good safety profile and significant effects on agrypnia suffered by elderly patients.

Objectives By measuring left ventricular diastolic function and arterial stiffness,this study aims to probe into the effect of diabetes mellitus(DM) on left ventricular diastolic function and arterial stiffness,and evaluate the correlation between left ventricular diastolic funotion and arterial stiffness.Methods Seventy-six inpatients were enrolled.According to their coronary angiography,OGTF test results and past history of DM,patients were divided into controlled,CHD(coronary heart disease with no DM),and CHD+DM groups.Through invasive hemodynamic monitoring during left ventricular angiography,left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP)and tan index were collected.Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity(c-f PWV),reflected wave augmentation index (AIx@75) and other data reflecting the degree of arterial stiffness were collected bedside with non-invasive means.SPSS 18.0 was used for statistical analysis.Results No significant difference was found between groups for LVEDP,tau index,and AIx@75.In terms of c-f PMV,The CHD+DM group(8.79±1.59)cm/s differed significantly from the CHD group (7.43±1.42)cm/s and the controlled group(6.83±1.14)cm/s.No correlations were found between c-f PMV and LVEDP or tau index.A positive correlation was found between AIx@75 and tau index.Conclusions Compared with the controlled group and CHD patients with no DM,CHD+DM patients show worse arterial stiffness with no difference in ventricular diastolic function.There is a positive correlation between arterial stiffness and diastolic dysfunction.

Objective:To define the expression levels of MDM2 gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)and its relationship with p53 protein expression and EB virus latent infection. Method :MDM2 gene expression atmRNA and protein levels,p53 protein and EB virus DNA were detected by nonradioactive in situ hybridization(ISH) ,immunohistochemistry(IHC) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) separately in 46 cases of NPC tissuesand 12 cases of chronic inflammation of nasopharyngeal epithelium (CINE). Result: Fourteen cases of NPCshowed MDM2 mRNA and protein overexpression, 38 cases were p53 protein positive,and 43 cases were EBV-DNA positive. Neither MDM2 nor p53 protein was expressed in any case of CINE. MDM2 expression was signifi-cantly related to p53 protein expression ( P ＜0. 05), but not to EB virus latent infection in NPC. Conclusion:MDM2 gene may play an important role in the pathogenesis of NPC through interacting with p53 protein.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of alpha-lipoie acid (ALA) against beta-cell damage in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control (NC) group, STZ group and ALA + STZ group, with 10 rats in each group. mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection), till the end of the study (4 weeks later). Blood glucose were measured every 3 days after STZ injection. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were measured in pancreatic homogenates. Pancreatic beta-cells were examined by immunohistocbemical methods, Results STZ induced a significant increase of the level of blood glucose. Body weight of rats in ALA + STZ group was (341±26)g, which significantly lower than (368±3)g in NC group, and high than (301±2)g in STZ group with stas(P < 0. 05). Meanwhile the MDA levels in STZ group and NC group were(1.22 ± 0. 14) and(0.57 ± 0.04)nmoL/mg prot, respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05) ; the GSH levels in STZ group and NC group were(16.54 ± 1.10) and(25.46 ± 0.62) mg/g prot (P < 0.05), respectively; degeneration of islet cells and decreased blood glucose were observed in STZ + ALA-pretreated rats; MDA level in pancreatic homogenates was(0.72 ± 0. 23)nmoL/mg prot, which was significantly lower than that in STZ group (P < 0.05) ; the GSH level was (35.33 ± 2.66) mg/g prot, which was significantly higher than that in STZ group (P < 0.05) ; increased staining of insulin and preservation of islet ceils functions were more obvious in the STZ + ALA-pretreated rats. Conclusions ALA exerted its protective effect through reducing the oxidative stress and preserving pancreatic beta-cell integrity.

Objective To investigate the safety and feasibility of early intervention treatment for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the elderly. Methods Within 6 to 72 hours after hemorrhage,89 aneurysms were detected by overall brain angiogram in 84 elderly patients(aged above 60 years)Who were diagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage on CT.HUNT-HESS grade was as following:26 cases of grade Ⅱ,31 cases of grade Ⅲ,25 cases of grade Ⅳ,2 cases of grade Ⅴ.Interventional embolization treatment was performed immediately.Aceording to the structure of the aneurysm,pure coil embolization,balloon assisted technique and combined with stent technique were performed.Anhydration,fluid expansion,vessel dilatation,lumbar puncture and/or lumbar drainage were performed after procedure.At the same time,the complications were treated. Results Eighty-three aneurysms were embolized successfully in 89 patients.The Success rate of the technique was 93.3%.The Glasgow Outcome Seale(GOS)score at 3 months post procedure showed a good result in 68 patients.medium disability in 7 patients,severe disability in 4 patients,death in 5 patients (1 case was related to the technique). Conclusions Interventional embolization iS a safe and effective therapeutic approach in elderly patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Considerable attention has been directed toward studying the impact of diabetes on the central nervous system. The current study investigates the biochemical changes in the brain tissue of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat using 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS). The 31P NMR spectra of the whole brain show no significant changes of phosphomonoesters and phosphodiesters levels one week after STZ induction, suggesting no apparent structural changes in cell membranes. The results identifies the increased level of adenosine diphosphate, negligible changes of phosphocreatine ( PCr ) and adenosine triphosphate ( ATP) , but the decreased ratio of PCr/ATP, indicating that PCr plays a role of balancing the energy. Moreover, the decreased pH value indicates the changes of the intracellular environment in STZ-diabetic brains in rats. After 15 weeks of STZ injection, the metabolism of phospholipid membrane and brain energy metabolism has been obviously disturbed. Our study successfully shows that 31 P MRS can not only study phospholipid and energy metabolism non-invasively, but also measure intracellular pH and other important biochemical information. All of these spectroscopic characterizations contribute significantly to the understanding of pathogenesis and evolution of diabetes, and provide theoretical basis for early diagnosis and clinical treatment in diabetes.