the terminal leaves,light saturation point was 1 302 ?mol/(m2?s),light compensation point was 101.5 ?mol/(m2?s);The diurnal change trend of Pn showed a double peak curve,presenting a typical phenomenon of "photosynthesis midday depression".There was a close correlation between Pn and stomatal conductance (Gs)(r=0.88,P

?Objective:To study the effects of Docetaxel on the proliferation and metastatic potential of mucoepidermoid carcinoma M 3SP 4 cells in vitro and in vivo . Methods:Inhibitory effects of Docetaxel on the proliferation and metastatic potential of mucoepidermoid carcinoma M 3SP 4 cells were investigated with cell counting,cloning assay flow cytometry, tail vein injection and submandibular gland injection of the cells into nude mice. Results:Docetaxel inhibited M 3SP 4 cells growth in a dose and time dependent way. The IC 30 and IC 50 (with 72 h exposure) of Docetaxel were 0.34 nmol/L and 0.63 nmol/L, respectively; the doubling time(h) of the cells treated with the drug at IC 30 for 7 days and of the control were 32.7 h, 43 h, respectively; the clonogenesity(%) of the control and of the cells treated with Docetaxel ( 0.05 nmol/Lor 0.1 nmol/L)were (29.2?1.4)% and (20.2?0.8)% and (2.8?0.4)%, respectively; the number of metastatic foci on lung surface in the nude mice treated with the drug at 30 mg/kg?week and in the controls were 0 and 11?3.4; the weight(g) of submandibular gland in the two groups were 0.31?0.05 and 1.20?0.23 respectively. Conclusion:Docetaxel may inhibit the proliferation and metastatic potential of mucoepidermoid carcinoma M 3SP 4 cells.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection on neurological function and prognosis of elderly patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH)after trepanation and drainage surgery. METH-ODS:During Jan. 2015 to Jun. 2016,80 elderly HICH patients were selected from our hospital and then divided into control group and observation group according to random number table,with 40 cases in each group. Both group received trepanation and drain-age surgery. Control group was given routine treatment. Observation group was given Butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection 100 mL,ivgtt,bid,on the fifth day after surgery,on the basis of control group. Both groups received treatment for 14 d. Clinical efficacies of 2 groups were observed. CSS scores were compared between 2 groups before surgery and 28 d after operation;volume of encephaledema,serum levels of homocysteine(HCY)and substance P(SP)were compared between 2 groups before surgery and 14 d after operation. RESULTS:The total response rate of observation group was 87.5％,which was significantly higher than 67.5％ of control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Before surgery, there was no statistical significance in CSS scores,volume of encephaledema or serum levels of HCY and SP between 2 groups(P>0.05). CSS scores 28 d after operation, SP levels 14 d after operation were significanthy increased,volume of encephaledema and serum levels of HCY in 2 groups were significantly decreased,and the observation group was significantly better than the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Butylphthalide and sodium chloride injection can significantly improve clinical efficacy and hepatic func-tion damage,relieve postoperative encephaledema,reduce serum levels of HCY and increase SP levels in elderly HICH patients af-ter trepanation and drainage surgery.

Objective To investigate the biological effects of bcl-2 gene on neurons. Methods The recombinant expression plasmid pc DNA3-bcl-2 was constructed from pSFFV-bcl-2,then it was introduced into PC12 cell line by liposome method.Western blotting and immunohistochemistry in situ were applied to exam the exogenous gene expression.The two groups of cells(Group A,PC12 transfected by pcDNA3-bcl-2 and Group B,PC12 transfected by pcDNA3) were exposed to cisplatin with the concentration of 10*!?mol/L,50*!?mol/L, and 100*!?mol/L 72 hours later,the survival cells were estimated.Cell cycle indexes between these two groups were also studied by FCM. Results The recombinant expression plasmid pcDNA 3-bcl-2 was constructed successfully and PC12 cell line transfected by the plasmid could express Bcl-2 protein effectively.Compared with the control(25 79%),there was a significant decrease of cells from the S phase in PC12 with bcl-2 gene(8.81%).After exposed with 10*!?mol/L,50*!?mol/L,and 100*!?mol/L cisplatin,the surviving cells in group A were 276?13,185?11 and 108?10 respectively,which increased much more than in group B while they were 100?9,12?3 and 2?2 accordingly.Conclusions bcl-2 can protect PC12 cells against cytotoxic insults of cisplatin,and it suggested that it might act via cell cycle controlling.

Objective:To study the effects of Docetaxel o n the proliferation of adenoid cystic carcinoma SACC-83 cells of salivary gland. Methods:The inhibitory effects of Docetaxel on the proliferatio n of SACC-83 cells were investigated with cell counting, soft agar clonogenic a ssay, and flow cytometry. Results:With the exposure time of 24, 48 or 72 h the IC 30(nmol/L) of Docetaxel was 1.39,1.26 and 0.47, the I C 50(nmol/L) 13.02, 3.34 and 1.26 respectively; the relative antitumor acti vity (RAA) of the drug against SACC-83 cells was 330, 1 289 and 3 426 respectiv ely. After the cells had been treated for 72 h, the percentages of G 1, S and G 2 phase cells in the cell cycle in the control group were 73.8,19.8 and 6.4, in IC 30 group 65.0, 29.5 and 5.5, in IC 50 group 57.6,42.4 and 0, res pectively. The clonogenesity (%) in control, IC 30 and IC 50 groups we re 36.0?0.5,8.3?2.5 and 0.5?0.3 respectively. Conclusion:Doc etaxel may inhibit the proliferation of SACC-83 cells in a dose and time depend ent way.

To identify Salvia shandongensis and its relatives at molecular level, the psbA-trnH intergenic region of three species including Salvia shandongensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were amplified and sequenced. Sequences were assembled with CodonCode Aligner. The K2P genetic distances between Salvia shandongensis and its relatives were calculated and UPGMA tree was performed by MEGA5.0. The results indicated that the lengths of psbA-trnH regions of Salvia shandongensis were about 391 bp, while the lengths of psbA-trnH regions of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were about 386 bp. The psbA-trnH sequences showed considerable variations between species and thus were revealed as a promising candidate for barcoding of Salvia shandongensis and its relatives. The intra-specific genetic distances of Salvia shandongensis were 0, while the intra-specific genetic distances of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were 0.002 and 0.001 respectively. Additionally, the genetic distance of Salvia shandongensis and Salvia miltiorrhiza ranged from 0.034 to 0.04, and the genetic distance of Salvia shandongensis and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba ranged from 0.005 to 0.008, the intra-specific genetic distances of Salvia shandongensis were much smaller than that of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba; clustering results showed that there were obvious differences between Salvia shandongensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba, which was consistent with morphological characteristics. This study not only firstly provides the scientific basis for establishing the taxonomy position in molecular level and revealing their genetic relationships of S. shandongensis, S. miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba; but also provides DNA molecular identification scientific basis for the development of new medicinal plant resources of Salvia shandongensis. Our results suggest that the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer region can be used as a barcoding to identify Salvia shandongensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba.

Objective: To investigate the effects of Ala-Gln induced heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression on myocardial ifbrosis and connexin43 (Cx43) remodeling in experimental rats’ model.
Methods: A total of 32 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:①Control group,②Model group, the rats received isoprenaline (ISO) 5m/(kg·d),③Intervention group, the rats received ISO+Ala-Gln 0.75mg/(kg·d),④Quercetin group, the rats received ISO+quercetin 100mg/(kg·d)+Ala-Gln+DMSO. n=8 in each group. All animals were treated for 7 days and killed in 4 weeks for relevant examinations. HE and Masson staining was conducted to observe myocardial ifbrosis, then calculate collagen volume fraction; immunohistochemistry was applied to measure myocardial HSP70 expression,
extracellular signal regulated kinase (p-ERK1/2) and Cx43 distribution, then conduct semi-quantitative analysis by speciifc soft ware.
Results: HE and Masson staining indicated that Control group had no obvious myocardial ifbrosis, Model group and Quercetin group had obvious ifbrosis, and Intervention group showed less ifbrosis than the other 2 groups, all P<0.01. The fibrosis level was similar between Intervention group and Control group, P>0.05. The myocardial HSP70 expression was similar among Control, Model and Quercetin groups, P>0.05, while HSP70 expression was signiifcantly higher in Intervention group than the other 3 groups, all P<0.01. The myocardial p-ERK1/2 level was lower in Intervention group than Model and Quercetin groups, all P<0.01. The myocardial Cx43 level was similar between Control group and Intervention group with linear distribution, while it was higher in Intervention group than Model and Quercetin groups with disordered distribution, all P<0.01.
Conclusion: Ala-Gln inducing the higher expression of HSP70, which may reduce myocardial ifbrosis in experimental rats, it could be because of HSP70 down regulating p-ERK1/2 expression and inhibiting ERK signaling pathway.

The neuroanatomical basis of meridian effects is one of the focuses of acupuncture mechanism studies. Meridian effects depend mainly on the generation, conduction, integration and output of acupuncture information in the acupoint, spinal cord and brain.The neural tracer technique is a basic method in neurobiology. This article presents recent years' advances in the application of the neural tracer technique to acupuncture field and summarizes the types of neural tracer used in acupuncture studies and regularities in the distribution of neurons and their fibers related to labeled meridians and acupoints in spinal segments and brain regions to provide methodological reference for studies on neurobiological mechanism of acupuncture effects.

Objective: To select highly metastatic cells from human salivary gland mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell clone Mc3. Methods: In situ transplantation of Mc3 cells into submandibular gland of nude mice, in situ transplantation of Mc3 induced lung metastasized tumor tissue among nude mice and cell culture were employed to obtain the wanted cells. Morphological observation, cell growth analysis, flow cytometry, chromosome staining, clonogenic assay and artificial metastasis test in nude mice were used to characterize the cells. Results: Lung metastasis was observed in 3 out of 10 nude mice after 4 cycles of in situ transplantation of Mc3 cell induced lung metastasized tumor tissue. Epidermoid cells with similar morphology to Mc3 were obtained through cell culture and the cells were named M3SP4. M3SP4 cell induced lung metastatic foci were histologicaly proved to be mucoepidermoid carcinoma. Subdiploid karyotype with human chromosome morphology was observed in M3SP4 and Mc3 cells. The population doubling time (h) of M3SP4 and Mc3 cells was 23.9 and 25.9, the percentage of S phase cells in cell cycle 26.8 and 15.3, clonogenecity (%) 54.6 and 30.2, respectively. The artificial lung metastatic potential of M3SP4 cells was 35% higher than that of Mc3 in nude mice. Conclusion: M3SP4 cells are of human mucoepidermoid carcinoma with higher metastatic potential than Mc3. In situ transplantation of mucoepidermoid carcinoma cells or lung metastasized tumor tissue may maintain the metastatic potential of the cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of imatinib on the growth of A549 non-small cell lung cancer transplanted tumors and the expression of PDGFB and PDGFRβ proteins in tumor tissues and stroma in nude mice and to explore the underlying tumor suppression mechanism. Methods A transplantation tumor model of A549 non-small cell lung cancer was established in nude mice. The mice were then randomly divided into four groups: control group (0.9%NaCl), low-dose imatinib group (50 mg/(kg·d)), medium-dose imatinib group (100 mg/(kg·d)), and high-dose imatinib group (200 mg/(kg·d)). The effect of different concentrations of imatinib administered by continuous gavage on tumor growth was observed for 28 days. HE staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of tumor tissues. The expression of PDGF/PDGFR pathway-related proteins and the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK1/2 proteins in tumor tissues were detected by Western blot analysis. Double immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of PDGFB and PDGFRβ proteins in the tumor stroma. Results Imatinib inhibited the growth of A549 non-small cell lung cancer cells in nude mice, suppressed the expression of PDGFB in tumor tissues, and decreased the phosphorylation levels of PDGFRβ, AKT, and ERK1/2. The expression of PDGFB and PDGFRβ in tumor stromal fibroblasts of the administered group was significantly lower than that of the control group. Conclusion Imatinib exhibits a pronounced inhibitory effect on A549 xenografts of nude mice with non-small cell lung cancer, and its antitumor mechanism may involve the downregulation of PDGFB and PDGFRβ expression in tumor stromal fibroblasts.