microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding,single-stranded RNAs,which regulate gene expression by binding messenger RNA (mRNA).Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer.Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is a common type of thyroid cancer,and its incidence has dramatically increased worldwide.Recent evidence suggests that miRNAs play an important role in thyroid carcinogenesis,development and prognosis,especially in PTC.

Objective To investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of chronic alcoholic myopathy. Methods Muscle fiber conduction velocity, peripheral nerve conduction velocity, and induced potentials in 26 patients with chronic alcoholic myopathy, 13 patients with chronic alcoholic peripheral neuropathy, 21 patients with chronic alcoholic neuromuscular damage, and 20 normal subjects were detected by electromyography and single fiber electromyography. Results Electromyography revealed myogenic changes in 9 cases in the myopathy group, neurogenic changes in 7 cases in the peripheral neuropathy group, and both kind of changes in 4 cases in the neuromuscular damage group. Compared with the normal subjects, neuromuscular jitter and fiber density increased in all patients ( P 0.05). Slowed sensory nerve conduction velocity was found in 28 patients (82.35%) with peripheral neuropathy or neuromuscular damage. Conclusion Electromyography and determination of nerve conduction velocity can be used to differentiate the alcoholic myopathy from peripheral neuropathy. The abnormal muscle fiber conduction velocity can be helpful for the confirmation of myopathy.

Objective To establish the reference ranges of preductal oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) for healthy neonates in 10 minutes after birth. Methods SpO2 and HR recordings of 203 term neonates (vaginal group:n=97 and ce-sarean group:n=106) with regular respiratory pattern were evaluated. 10th-95th percentile charts of SpO2 and HR from 1 minute to 10 minutes after birth were drawn. Results The SpO2 of P10, P50 and P95 at 1 minute after birth was 62%, 71%and 85%respec-tively. The heart rate of P10, P50 and P95 at 1 minute after birth was 66 bpm, 98 bpm and 126 bpm respectively. The median time for SpO2 to reach 90%was 5 minutes. The rising trend of HR was evident during 1-5 minutes after birth, and then the HR leveled off. Conclusions The status of newborn can be assessed using the charts of SpO2 and HR combined with clinical manifestations. The oxygen intervention should be used with care to avoid damage caused by hyperoxemia and hypoxemia.

Objective To build a case database of endemic cretinism,investigate the distribution of existing cretinism,and provide suggestions for prevention of iodine deficiency disorders.Methods In 2011,an existing endemic cretinism case database was established in Gansu Province by verifying and registering the historical cases before 1985,and searching and diagnosing the cases between 1985-2011 in history cretinism areas and IDD high-risk areas according to endemic cretinism and endemic sub-clinical cretinism diagnosis (WS 104-104) and the IDD monitoring program of the central transfer fund at the same time,and analysis the distribution of existing cretinism.Results In 1985 and 2011,cretinism areas were 53 and 41 in Gansu Province,and the endemic cretinism cases werel9 696 and 4 715,respectively;18 cases of endemic cretinism were born between 1985 to1997,7 new cases were born after 1997;nerve cretinism,myxedematous and mixed types among existing cases were 58.8％ (2 766/4 708),9.8％ (461/4 708) and 31.4％ (1 481/4 708),males and females were 69.3％ (3 261/4 708)and 30.7％ (1 481/4 708),respectively.Cases older than 45 accounted for 73.2％ (3 444/4 708);the 7 new cases were all nerve cretinism and 5 cases distributed in ethnic minority areas.Conclusions There are potential dangers of endemic cretinism in the high-risk areas of iodine deficiency disorders due to multiple factors in Gansu Province;the nervous cretinism is the majority which is caused by insufficient iodine intake in early maternal pregnancy.To prevent new endemic cretinism,it is necessary to strengthen measures of emergency iodine supplementation for pregnant women and nursing mothers in the high-risk areas.

Objective:To evaluate the iodine level of drinking water in different ecological regions in Gansu Province, and to provide a basis for preventing iodine deficiency disorders in accordance with local conditions.Methods:In May to July 2017, according to different topography, landforms and climatic conditions, Gansu Province was divided into six ecological regions: desert area, Hexi Corridor gobi area, Loess Plateau hilly area, Qinling Zhongshan gorge area, Gannan Plateau grassland and meadow area, and Loess Plateau gully area. One county was selected from each of the five districts in the east, west, south, north, and central areas in each ecological regions. Drinking water samples were collected in each county based on the township, and the water iodine content was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results:A total of 4 037 water samples were collected in 527 townships of six ecological regions, the water iodine range was 0.10 - 97.60 μg/L, with a median of 2.10 μg/L. Among them, the medians water iodine of the six ecological regions were less than 40 μg/L, the difference between different ecological regions was statistically significant ( H = 1 007.440, P < 0.01); the unified centralized, partially centralized and dispersed water supply water samples were 157, 2 263 and 1 617, and the medians water iodine were 1.61, 2.42, and 1.83 μg/L, respectively, and there was statistically significant difference among different water supply methods ( H = 37.164, P < 0.01). Stratified by water supply method, the differences in water iodine between different ecological regions of the same water supply method were statistically significant ( H = 32.628, 580.630, 391.070, P < 0.01); stratified by ecological region type, the differences of different water supply methods in desert area, Hexi Corridor gobi area, Qinling Zhongshan gorge area, Gannan Plateau grassland and meadow area were statistically significant ( Z = - 2.770, H = 6.369, 9.936, 12.666, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The six ecological regions in Gansu Province are all iodine-deficient areas. The water iodine content varies among different ecological region types and different water supply methods. Surveys on water iodine content and the operating status of water supply facilities should be carried out regularly, and measures should be adjusted in time to prevent and control iodine deficiency disorders in accordance with local conditions.

Objective To compare the differences of disease spectrum between patients with brain trauma injury (TBI) in the high altitude areas and those in the plain areas.Methods The front page information of medical records of local TBI patients admitted to military hospitals from 2001 to 2007 was extracted from the Chinese Trauma Database.Ten military hospitals from high altitude areas (high altitude group) and 10 military hospitals with the same hospital level from plain areas (plain group) were selected and the patients in the two groups were compared for their differences in general condition and disease spectrum.Results High altitude group displayed a larger proportion of male patients (P＜0.01),a lower age (P＜0.01),a smaller proportion of patients with Han nationality (P＜0.01),asmaller proportion of emergency patients (P＜0.01),a larger proportion of critically ill patients (P＜0.01),a lower median of hospital days (P＜0.01),a lower operation rate (P＜0.01),as compared with the plain group.The injury of the patients with TBI in turn were intracranial organ injury (excluding those with skull fracture),open wound of head,neck,and trunk,skull fracture,injury of nerves and spinal cord.The orders of TBI disease spectrum of the high altitude and plain groups were the same,but the disease compositions of the two groups had significant difference (P＜0.01).Conclusions Thereexist significant differences in demographics,admission status and disease spectrum of TBI patients inhigh altitude and plain areas.However,the current clinical treatments of TBI in high altitude areas are usually with reference to the experience in plain areas,which is worthy of paying attention by relevant departments.

Objective To investigate the relationship of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c),fibrinogen (Fbg)and cystatin C (Cys C)with the severity of coronary artery lesions in non-diabetic patients.Methods We enrolled 358 patients who received coronary angiography (CAG)in this study.They were divided into coronary artery disease (CAD)group and non-CAD group according to CAG results.Moreover,according to different clinical types of CAD,all the CAD patients were further classified into stable angina pectoris (SAP)group and acute coronary syndrome (ACS)group.We calculated Gensini score and divided CAD group into A,B and C subgroups by Gensini score.HbA1 c,Fbg,Cys C and other clinical data were measured and compared between groups,and the correlation analysis was used to find the relationship of HbA1c,Fbg and Cys C with Gensini score.Results The levels of HbA1 c,Fbg and Cys C were significantly higher in groups A,B and C than in non-CAD group.When Gensini score increased,the three indexes were increased too (P<0.05).The levels of HbA1c,Fbg and Cys C were significantly higher in ACS group than in SAP and non-CAD group (P<0.05).After adjustment for the influencing factors, HbA1 c was still associated with Fbg (P<0 .0 5 ).The levels of HbA1 c and Fbg were closely related to Gensini score (P<0.05).Conclusion In non-diabetes patients,HbA1c and Fbg are significantly related to the severity of coronary artery stenosis,and Cys C may not be an independent risk factor of coronary artery stenosis.

Objective To investigate the scope and distribution of water iodine in centralized water supply projects,and provide a basis for taking appropriate control measures in Gansu Province.Methods Collected 2 copies of water samples of all the different water supply of centralized water supply project water in the province's 87 counties (cities,districts),the source water iodine of all centralized water supply projects was tested by the method of cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry.The relationship between different water types and different iodine levels in deep well water were analyzed.Results Of the total 1 563 centralized water supply projects,the median of water iodine was 6.38 μg/L,the range was 0.00-182.10 μg/L,the rates were 62.0％ (969/1 563),30.1％ (471/1 563),6.9％ (108/1 563),0.5％ (7/1 563) and 0.5％ (8/1 563) in water iodine level of ＜ 10,10-＜ 50,50-＜ 100,100-＜ 150 and ≥ 150 μg/L.The surface water was 26.7％ (418/1 563),the median of water iodine was 4.42 μg/L,the groundwater was 73.3％(1 145/1 563),the median of water iodine was 8.10 μg/L,the iodine content of surface water was lower than that of the groundwater (Z =-10.089,P ＜ 0.01);in surface water,the rate of river,lake,reservoir and other water source was 55.7％ (233/418),7.7％ (32/418),21.5％ (90/418) and 15.1％ (63/418),and the median was 2.52,31.10,6.65 and 5.40 μg/L,the iodine content between surface water and water sources of different water sources was significant different (x2 =179.976,P ＜ 0.01);in the groundwater,the rate of deep well,shallow well and spring was 55.5％ (635/1 145),41.3％ (473/1 145) and 3.2％ (37/1 145),and the median was 17.90,3.66 and 4.18 μg/L,the iodine content in groundwater from different sources was significant different (x2 =357.346,P ＜ 0.01).Iodine content of different well depth was significantly different (x2 =288.959,P ＜ 0.01),there was a positive correlation between iodine content and well depth (r =0.364,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Iodine content of the surface water is generally lower in many water types in Gansu,iodine content is higher in deep well,and there is high iodine deep well water in local areas.It is recommended that water iodine be included in the population iodine nutrition assessment index.

Iodine nutrition is very important to human health, especially for brain development, urinary iodinary is one of the basic indicators reflecting the nutritional status of iodine, and is an important basis for scientific evaluation of iodine nutrition. In order to provide support and assistance for improving the network syetem of iodine nutrition monitoring laboratories, we summarized and explored the construction process, quality control, and management methods of 85 county-level urinary iodine laboratories in Gansu Province from 2016 to 2018.

Objective:To investigate the intelligence status of children aged 10 - 12 in rural areas of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture (referred to as Linxia) in Gansu Province.Methods:From September to November 2019, a cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the intelligence status of children aged 10 to 12 in 8 counties (cities) of Linxia. Chinese Raven's Progressive Matrices (rural version) was used for intelligence test and children's intelligence quotient (IQ) was calculated by regular mold to evaluate children's intelligence level.Results:A total of 1 721 children in Linxia were tested for intelligence, with an average IQ of 103.2. Among them, low intelligence (≤69) accounted for 1.0% (18/1 721), borderline (70 - 79) accounted for 3.0% (52/1 721), middle and lower (80 - 89) accounted for 8.4% (144/1 721), moderate (90 - 109) accounted for 56.6% (974/1 721), middle and upper (110 - 119) accounted for 21.9% (377/1 721), excellent (120 - 129) accounted for 7.8% (135/1 721), extremely excellent (≥130) accounted for 1.2% (21/1 721). There were 635, 598 and 488 children aged 10, 11 and 12, respectively, with an average IQ of 106.1, 103.3 and 99.2. There were 919 males and 802 females, with an average IQ of 102.9 and 103.4, respectively.Conclusion:In 2019, the intelligence of children aged 10 to 12 in rural areas of Linxia has reached the moderate level.