Objective:Through the ale tissue in patients with rheumatic heart disease ( RHD) autoantigen cells change and pe-ripheral blood indicators of detection and IL-10,TGF-beta 1 discusses the relationship between serum concentration.Methods:cases of RHD patients and 63 healthy volunteers in the morning on an empty stomach acquisition anticoagulation peripheral venous blood,used flow cytometry assay of CD4+CD25+,signature molecules of regulatory T cells ( Foxp3 Treg) for testing,the proportion of the ELISA de-tection of IL-10,concentration of TGF-beta 1;Corresponding antigen gene expression library construction of rheumatic heart disease screening.Results:The autoantigen RHDAG1 has obvious differences with the control,RHD patients serum Treg ratio is lower than the control group in the sample data,IL-l0,TGF-beta 1 has the difference between the concentration of serum,compared the statistically difference between groups.Conclusion:Autoantigen RHDAG1 have certain effect on the development of the expression of RHD, the concentration and Treg cells on peripheral blood related indexes change detection has a certain clinical significance to the diagnosis of RHD.