Parkinson's disease(PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder harming mainly the elderly.Astrocyte may be involved in the pathogenesis of PD.However,it also plays a protective role in PD by releasing neurotrophic factors and glutathione to support the survival of dopaminergic neurons.Astrocyte may also release proinflammatory cytokines to promote the development of PD.

Currently, histological and molecular methods are considered for the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Single-agent epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase in-hibitors (ALK-TKIs) have been used as standard first-line therapies for patients with active EGFR mutation and ALK rearrangement, re-spectively. However, to date, the single-agent EGFR-TKIs as the first-line therapy for patients with known EGFR mutations has been demonstrated to provide a prolonged progression-free survival but does not affect overall survival (OS). Physicians these days focus on improving the OS of patients with advanced NSCLC. To patients with EGFR mutation, combining and maintaining EGFR-TKIs with chemotherapy could be a promising approach. In this article, various ways of combining EGFR-TKIs with chemotherapy were explored.

AIM: To observe the effect of glycine on the myocardial ischemic injury in mice METHODS: Mice were supplied with 20% glycine twice daily (0 025 mL/g, ig), or 40% Injection salviae miltiorrhizae composita (ISMC, 0 025 mL/g, ig) One week later, 0 02 U/g pituitrin was injected intraperitoneally The electrocardiogram was recorded, and activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondiadehyde (MDA) in the myocardium were examined RESULTS: Glycine reduced changes in J spot in electrocardiogram Both glycine and ISMC increased activities of SOD and NOS, inhibited increase in MDA content in the myocardium induced by pituitrin There was no difference in above parameters between glycine-treated and ISMC-treated mice. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that glycine can protect myocardium from ischemic injury, the mechanism may be related to increase in activities of NOS, SOD and supressing the lipid peroxidation.

Objective To construct the core competence index system of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities.Methods The Delphi method was used to investigate 30 nursing experts and consult about core competence that nursing postgraduates of TCM colleges and universities should have.Results The effective recovery rates of questionnaire were respectively 85.7％ and 86.7％.The authority coefficients were 0.86 and 0.84,and the consistency coefficients were 0.278 and 0.253 with statistical significance.Index system for core competence with 4 first-grade indexes and 20 second-grade indexes was formed.The full score ratio of first-class indexes was 0.96-1.00,coefficients variation was 0.10-0.13; for the second-class,the full score rate was 0.62-1.00,coefficient variation was 0.08-0.19.Conclusions For formation items of core competence index system of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities,the opinions of experts are centralized,which can provide reference for training program of nursing postgraduates in TCM colleges and universities.

AIM:To study the protection of Glycyl-L-Glutamine(Gly-Gln) against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R) injury in the isolated rat heart.METHODS:A model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury was established with a Langendorff apparatus.Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group,Gly-Gln group,I/R group and I/R+Gly-Gln group.Both I/R and I/R+Gly-Gln group were pre-perfused for 30 min,followed by 20 min ischemia and 40 min reperfusion.During reperfusion I/R+Gly-Gln group was perfused with Gly-Gln perfusate.Control group was kept perfused for 90 min.Gly-Gln group Gly-Gln perfusate was also kept perfused for 90 min.The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP),left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP),?dp/dtmax,heart rate(HR),monophasic action potentials(MAP) was measured during perfusion.The coronary effluent fluid was collected at different certain times.The activities of lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) were determined.RESULTS:The isolated rat heart function decreased severely after 20 min ischemia and 40 min reperfusion(I/R):the LVEDP increased and the LVDP,?dp/dtmax decreased.But the LVEDP decreased and the LVDP,?dp/dtmax increased in I/R+Gly-Gln group compared with I/R group.Moreover,the activities of LDH and CK in the coronary effluent fluid decreased remarkably in I/R+Gly-Gln group compared with I/R group.CONCLUSION:Gly-Gln can play a protective role against myocardial I/R injury in isolated rat hearts via maintaining the left ventricular function and decreasing the release of LDH and CK.

Objective To understand psychiatry hospital nurse' s self-compassion situation, explore the influencing factors, for nursing managers to know about the clinical nurses psychological health and to provide a reference data of intervention to improve the level of self-compassion. Methods A total of 381 clinical nurses from the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital) completed the survey using the questionnaire including the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) and general information questionnaire. The influence factors were analyzed by chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The total score of SCS was (85.43 ± 10.23) points in 381 clinical nurses with the medium level, which was less than that of other nurse group (109.21±9.76) points, and there was significant difference(t=-45.388, P < 0.01).The Logistic regression analysis showed that female and working in the psychiatric ward were the risk factors of self compassion(OR=1.772, 1.995, P<0.05 or 0.01). While on the night shift was the protective factor(OR=0.536, P < 0.01). Conclusions Psychiatric hospital nurse' s self-compassion is at medium level. When the nurses cope with the negative events may lack adjustment method. Nursing managers should pay attention to train the ability of the nurse individual self-compassion, targeted to carry out active intervention measures.

AIM and METHODS: To investigate the effect of electrical stimulation of ventlal septal area (VSA) on discharge of pyrogen - treated thermosensitive neurons in preoptic anterior hypothalamus (POAH) region, the discharging rate of thermosensitive neurons in the POAH region of 32 New Zealand white rabbits were recorded by using extracellular microelectrode techinque. RESULTS: (1) Intraceretroventricularly (i c v) injection of interleukin - 1?(IL - 1?) caused decrease of discharging rate of warm - sensitive neurons and increased in discharging rate of cold - sensitive neurons in POAH regions. (2) These effects could be reversed by electrical stimulation of VSA. CONCLUSION: VSA may play a central role of negative regulation in thermoregulation of pyrogen - treated animal.

AIM: To study the effect of food intake on weight, memory, staying balance and power, and some biochemical indexes in mice. METHODS: In accordance with the average food intake everyday, the animals were divided into five groups: group A took the average food intake fully, group B took 75% of the average food intake, group C took 50% of the average food intake, group D took 25% of the average food intake, and group E did not take any food at all. The weights, memory, staying balance and power were recorded every three days, the biochemical index was recorded on the 10th day. RESULTS: On the 3rd day, the weight and staying balance and power of mice in group E decreased. On the 6th and 9th day, the weight of mice in group ABC increased. Compared with group B and C, the memory group A and D decreased. On the 10th day, the blood glucose concentratoin in of group D decreased, total cholesterol and triglyceride also decreased with the reduction of food intake. CONCLUSION: A food intake of 75%-50% in all helpes to keep a good body status and memory, decreases total cholesterol and triglyceride in blood.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of standardized medication for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. METHOD: According to the diagnosis and treatment guidelines on chronic rhinosinusitis formulated in 2008, by means of prospective study, we studied 54 patients suffering from chronic rhinosinusitis treated with standardized medication including, a combination of local intranasaI corticosteroids, macrolides, mucus discharging agent and nasal irrigation treatment and followed up for 3 months. Visual analogue scale (VAS), sino nasal outcome test-20 Chinese version scales (SNOT-20 CV), Lund-Mackay CT and Lund-Kennedy endoscopy methods were employed to conduct the subjective and objective assessment and comprehensively evaluate the clinical efficacy before and after treatment. RESULT: (1) After three months of standardized medication, the patients' total scores of VAS, SNOT-20 CV, CT and endoscopy were improved significantly compared with those before-treatment (P < 0.01 for all these scoring systems). (2) There was statistically significant difference between the clinical efficacies of chronic rhinosinusitis patients with and without nasal polyps groups (P < 0.01). After 3 months of standardized medication, the effective rates of the CRSwNP group evaluated by subjective assessment and CT evaluation were 66.7% and 94.4% respectively, while those of the CRSsNP groups were 91.7% and 97.2% respectively. (3) Betwecn CRSwNP and CRSsNP groups, there was no significant difference in the improvement rate or inefficiency rate in subjective assessment except for the cure rate, while there were significant differences in both cure rate and improvement rate in CT evaluation. (4) The CRS patients' self-testing-based questionnaires results showed positive correlation with objective assessments. CONCLUSION The standardized medication with combination of intranasal local glucocorticoid, macrolides (14-membered ring), the mucus discharging agent and nasal irrigation on CRS was effective.
Administration, Intranasal ; Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Macrolides ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Quality of Life ; Rhinitis ; drug therapy ; Sinusitis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Aim To investigate whether prostaglandin E2(PGE2)can increase endogenous Nurr1 expression in a dopamine-synthesizing cell line(MN9D) with immature characteristics and to study whether tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) expression is up-regulated in response to Nurr1-overexpression,in order to investigate the role of Nurr1 during dopaninergic neurons development.Methods MN9D cells were treated with 100 ?g?L-1 PGE2 for 2 h to 6 h.The morphology changes of MN9D cells were observed under phase-contrast microscope. The expression of Nurr1 and TH in MN9D cells was analyzed by using immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis.Results ① The morphology of MN9D cells did not change significantly following PGE2 treatment for 2 h,4 h and 6h compared with that of MN9D cells left untreated.② Nurr1-positive staining in MN9D cells treated with PGE2 for 2 h,4 h and 6 h was much stronger than that of untreated cells while the percent of TH-positive MN9D cells after PGE2 treatment for 2 h,4 h and 6 h was similar to that of untreated.③ The expression of Nurr1 protein in MN9D cells treatment with PGE2 for 6 h was significantly higher than that of untreated(P