Emergency Medical Service (EMS) of Beijing Olympic Games needs to cover not only all the venues of the Olympic and Paralympic Games, but also emergency medical service for citizens at large and other emergency events. To this end, Beijing Emergency Medical Center made efficient preparations for the Olympic Games, namely upgraded dispatch system, first-aid stations, ambulances and equipment, and volunteer recruitment among others. Thanks to such efforts made, the EMS successfully served the Beijing Olympic Games and citizens at large. Furthermore, the Beijing Olympic Games promoted the development of the Beijing EMS system.

Objective To study the value of spiral CT in diagnosing renal cell carcinoma(RCC) and to evaluate the correlation of CT findings with histopathologie features in RCC. Methods 279 cases with RCC proven by surgery and pathology underwent plain and contrast-enhanced CT examinations. The clinic characteristics and CT findings were analyzed statistically and compared with surgical results. Results 90.32% lesions showed medium or obvious enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT,with the exception of granule cells for enhanced uniform, the other cell type of RCC showed heterogeneous enhancement. 32.26% of tumors was of more or less short-burres (χ~2 = 38.2,P<0.01) ,and the there was significant relationship between pathological signs of short burr and the renal capsule involved by tumors. CT qualitative diagnostic rate was 91.40%. CT staging and pathologic staging were of the correla-tive coefficient of 0. 84, while there was not obviously correlation between CT classification of RCC and cancer cell types(P>0.05). Conclusion Spiral CT can better show characteristics of RCC, that can improve the diagnostic accuracy and staging aility for RCC.

Objective To study and analyze the clinical effect of valsartan on chronic pulmonary heart disease. Methods 100 cases of heart failure patients with pulmonary heart disease treated in our hospital from January 2015 to October 2016 were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group,50 cases in each group.Two groups of patients were given the basic treatment of diuretics,low salt diet, digitalis and nitrates,so as to ensure that the patients had enough rest.Patients in the control group were treated with benazepril,and the patients in the experimental group were treated with valsartan.The clinical indexes of the experimental group and the control group were compared and analyzed. Results After corresponding treatment,the number of effective treatment was 48 cases.In the control group,the total effective number was 41 cases. The effective rate of the control group (82.0％) was significantly lower than the experimental group(96.0％) (P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in the experimental group was 8.0％, and the fatality rate was 10.0％. The incidence of adverse reactions in the control group was 10.0％, and the fatality rate was 12.0％.There was no significant difference between two groups.After treatment,the indexes of LVEDD and LVESD in the experimental group were better than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Valsartan was effective in the treatment of chronic pulmonary heart disease with heart failure.It can improve the treatment efficiency and security in a certain extent,and has the significance of further popularization and application.

Objective To observe the effect of Xingnao Kaiqiao(Brain-resuscitating)Acupuncture plus language rehabilitation training for motor aphasia caused by cerebral infarction.Methods Totally 90 patients with motor aphasia were randomized into acupuncture plus language training group,single acupuncture group,and language training group(control group),with 30 in each.The Western Aphasia Battery(WAB)was adopted to evaluate the speaking functions of the patients.The aphasia quotient(AQ)of the patients,four basic speaking functions including spontaneous talk,spoken language understanding,retelling,and naming,and communicative ability in daily life(CADL)were observed.Results After treatment,AQ,CADL and score of spontaneous talk,spoken language understanding,retelling,and naming of the three groups were all significantly improved(P0.05).Conclusion Xingnao Kaiqiao Acupuncture plus language rehabilitation training for motor aphasia caused by cerebral infarction is effective with the superiority in improving the ability of spontaneous talk,retelling,naming and CADL.

Objective:To investigate frailty status of the elderly patients with leukoaraiosis (LA) and to analyze the correlation between white matter hyperintensities and their frailty status.Methods:From June 2019 to September 2020, a total of 162 patients with leukoaraiosis over 65 years old were screened by cranial MRI.The Fried frailty phenotype was used to evaluate their frailty status.The Fazekas scale scoring method was used to independently assess the periventricular white matter hyperintense (PVH) and deep white matter hyperintense (DWMH) by the cranial MRI images.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.ANOVA test was used to compare normal distribution data between groups, and Kruskal-Wallis H test was used to compare non-normal distribution data between groups.Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between PVH and DWMH scores and Fried frailty phenotype score. Results:Among 162 elderly patients with leukoaraiosis, 46 patients (28.40%) were non-frailty, 76 patients (46.91%)were pre-frailty and 40 patients (24.69%) were frailty.There were statistically significant differences in age( F=9.382, P<0.01), number of chronic diseases( H=10.736, P<0.01), number of medication ( H=15.927, P<0.01) and mini-nutritional assessment short form (MNA-SF) scores( F=5.263, P<0.01) among older LA patients with different frailty phenotype.There was statistical difference in PVH scores in elderly LA patients with different frailty phenotype (χ 2=108.537, P<0.01), but no significant difference in DWMH scores (χ 2=4.239, P>0.05). Spearman correlation analysis showed significant positive correlation between PVH score and frailty phenotype score in elderly LA patients ( r=0.718, P<0.001). Conclusion:Elderly LA patients have a high incidence of frailty, which may be related to aging, multi-disease coexistence, multiple medication, nutritional risk and other factors.The occurrence of weakness in elderly LA patients is related to periventricular white matter lesions, and the more serious the white matter damage, the more obvious the degree of frailty.

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have found that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels that culturedin vitro for a long time can naturaly differentiate into neural stem cels, which then differentiate into neurons and glial cels, thereby providing a new therapeutic thinking for Parkinson’s disease, sequela of cerebral infarction, cerebelar atrophy and brain dysplasia.
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the influence of neural stem cel transplantation on neurologic function of rats with cerebral hemorrhage at recovery stage and the relevant mechanism of action.
METHODS: Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into normal group (n=18), cerebral hemorrhage group (n=21) and transplantation group (n=21). Cerebral hemorrhage models were established in the latter two groups using VII type colagen enzyme induction method. At 21 days of modeling, rats in the transplantation group were injected neural stem cels via the tail vein, and those in the other two groups received the same volume of normal saline. At 7, 14, 21 days after cel transplantation, modified adhesive removal test (MST) was employed to evaluate the neurologic function of rats, and then the rats were kiled. RT-PCR was used to detect angiopoietin-1 mRNA expression in the bleeding tissues, and western blot assay was employed to measure tyrosine kinase receptor-2 protein expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the normal group, the MST scores in the cerebral hemorrhage group and transplantation group were significantly decreased (P< 0.05). From the 7th day after transplantation, MST scores in the transplantation group were significantly higher than those in the cerebral hemorrhage group (P < 0.05). At 7, 14, 21 days after transplantation, expressions of angiopoietin-1 mRNA and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 protein were ranked as folows: transplantation group > cerebral hemorrhage group > normal group, and there was a significant difference among the three groups (P< 0.05). These findings indicate that neural stem cel transplantation can effectively promote the neurologic recovery of rats with cerebral hemorrhage at recovery stage, and the concrete mechanism may be related to the increase of angiopoietin-1 mRNA and tyrosine kinase receptor-2 protein in the bleeding tissues.

Objective:To analyze the gait and balance disorder and fall risk in patients with leukoaraiosis (LA) in different degrees and locations.Methods:Seventy-eight patients with LA (LA group) and thirty healthy controls (NC group) were selected.According to Fazekas grading scale, the LA group were subgroups of different degrees(LA1, LA2, LA3)and evaluated independent scores for periventricular white matter hypersignal (PVH) and deep white matter hypersignal (DWMH). All subjects were tested by Tinetti scale, and the gait test, balance test and fall risk assessment were carried out, and the correlation between gait test results and balance test results and PVH and DWMH scores were analyzed.Results:There were significant differences in gait test((11.47±0.51), (10.18±1.29)), balance test((15.63±0.49), (13.96±1.58)) and fall risk((27.10±0.76), (24.15±2.73)) between LA group and NC group ( t=5.310, 5.667, 5.799, all P< 0.01). There were no significant differences in gait test, balance test and fall risk between NC group and LA1 group (all P>0.05). There were significant differences in gait test, balance test and fall risk between NC group and LA2 group and LA3 group ( t=1.110, 1.562, 1.336; 2.592, 3.342, 2.985; all P<0.01). There were significant differences in gait test, balance test and fall risk between LA1 group((11.19±0.85), (15.38±0.75), (26.58±1.47)) and LA2 group((10.36±0.82), (14.07±1.09), (24.43±1.64)) and LA3 group((8.88±0.99), (12.23±1.08), (21.21±1.93)) ( t=0.835, 1.313, 1.039; 2.317, 3.093, 2.756; all P<0.01). There were significant differences in gait test, balance test and fall risk between LA2 group and LA3 group ( t=1.482, 1.780, 1.639, all P<0.01). The analysis showed that the gait test was negatively correlated with the PVH and DWMH scores ( r=-0.810, P<0.01; r=-0.452, P<0.01). The balance test was negatively correlated with the PVH and DWMH scores ( r=-0.502, P<0.01; r=-0.836, P<0.01). Conclusions:There are gait disorder and balance disorder in patients with moderate and severe LA.With the increase of the degree of LA , the damage of gait and balance function is significantly increased, and the risk of fall is also significantly increased.The gait disorder and the balance disorder of LA patients has different correlation with the high-signal score of the white matter in different parts.The correlation between gait disorder and PVH score is more obvious, and the correlation between balance disorder and DWMH score is more obvious.

Objective To establish the system of qualified training standard and allocation criteria in pain specialist nurses.Methods Thirty-two experts were invited to a two-round consultation to establish the system of qualified training standard and allocation criteria. SPSS and Yaahp software were applied to determine the level Yaahp indicators mean, coefficient of variation and weights.Results The system had six primary indicators and twelve secondary indicators. There were four major contents including professional theory(basic knowledge and theories), professional skills(pain care skills, pain specialist equipment use and pain specialist drug use), professional qualities(professional ethics, teamwork spirit, management skills and critical thinking), and professional development capacity(ability of research, teaching and further development). The ratio of doctors and nurses was 1︰1.29. The staffing level for nurses was approximately 90%. Conclusions Professional theory and professional skills are important parts of the qualified training standard and allocation criteria system in pain specialist nurses. The allocation ratio for doctors and nurses should be controlled at 1︰1.29. The staffing level for nurses is approximately 90%.

Objective: To report the clinical and pathological features of primary proximal epithelioid sarcoma (PES) in skull base. Methods: The clinical and pathological features of four cases of PES in skull base from Sanbo Brain Institute of Capital Medical University and Kunming Sanbo Brain Institute were analysed retrospectively. Results: Three cases was female, and one male, the age ranged from 46 to 52 years.All cases occurred in skull base, and sellar region was the main site of involvement.Under the microscope, the tumor cells characterized by epithelioid cell changes, with or without rhabdoid tumor cells.Mitotic figure was active.Immunohistochemical staining showed that AE1/AE3, EMA and CD34 were variously expression in tumor cells.INI-1 protein was lost in all cases.Three cases were detected by FISH, and INI1 (22q11.2) gene locus was absent in them.Three patients died less than 3 months after surgery, and case 4 was under treatment after five months of surgery. Conclusions Primary PES in skull base mostly occurs in sellar region and its clinical prognosis is poor.It features with epithelioid/rhabdoid tumor cells with lack granuloma structure as distal ES.It has epithelial and mesenchymal differentiation characteristics.CD34 is always positive.INI1 gene deletion and protein loss expression are characteristic molecular alteration of PES.

OBJECTIVE: To identify phytochemical constituents present in the extract of flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolia and evaluate their anti-oxidant and anti-hyperglycemic capacities. METHODS: The AlCl₃ colorimetric method and Prussian Blue assay were used to determine the contents of total flavonoids and total phenolic acids in extraction layers, and the bioactive layers was screened through anti - oxidative activity in vitro. The Waters ACQUITY UPLC system and a Waters ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column (2.0 mm × 150 mm, 5 μm) were used to identify the ingredients. And anti-oxidative ingredients were screened by off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. The ameliorative role of it was further evaluated in a high-fat, streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rat model and the study was carried out on NADPH oxidase (PDB ID: 2CDU) by molecular docking. RESULTS: Combined with the results of activity screening in vitro, the anti - oxidative part was identified as the ethyl acetate layer. A total of 24 chemical constituents were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in the ethyl acetate layer and 13 main anti-oxidative active constituents were preliminarily screened out through off-line UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS-free radical scavenging. In vivo experiments showed that flowers of X. sorbifolia could significantly reduce the blood glucose level of diabetic mice and alleviate liver cell damage. Based on the results of docking analysis related to the identified phytocompounds and oxidase which involved in type 2 diabetes, quercetin 3-O-rutinoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside, and isoquercitrin showed a better inhibitory profile. CONCLUSION The ethyl acetate layer was rich in flavonoids and phenolic acids and had significant anti-oxidant activity, which could prevent hyperglycemia. This observed activity profile suggested X. sorbifolia flowers as a promising new source of tea to develop alternative natural anti-diabetic products with a high safety margin.