Objective To discuss the occurrence of thrombosis in portal system of patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension after devascularization and the methods for treatment and prevention. Methods The clinical data of 113 patients with cirrhotic portal hypertension after the devascularization were collected and analyzed retrospectively and the occurrence time parts as well as the treatment and prevention methods were discussed. Results Among the 113 patients 33 of them were found with thrombosis in their portal system and the occurrence rate was 29.2%. The occurrence time of thrombosis was 2?15 days post?de?vascularization and the median time was 6 days post?operation. Among the 33 cases with thrombosis there were 19 cases of splenic vein thrombosis 10 cases of portal thrombosis and 4 cases of both of them. After the thrombolytic therapy the thrombo?sises in 30 cases disappeared. Conclusions Most of the thrombosises in portal system happen in splenic vein post?devascular?ization. Avoiding clamping the trunk of splenic vein in the operation and taking thrombolytic therapy at the early stage after the operation can effectively prevent the occurrence of thrombosis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the etiology, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of regional portal hypertension caused by left upper abdominal malignant tumors.MethodsFrom January 2006 to December 2009, a total of 8 patients presenting regional portal hypertension were treated at our hospital, whose clinical data were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsPancreatic tumors (5/8) and retroperitoneal tumors(3/8)were the primary etiology,andthe main symptoms included upper gastrointestinal bleeding and irregular left upper abdominal pain.Isolated gastric varices were the most distinct clinical features. All patients underwent multi-visceral resection including pancreatic body and tail and spleen. Tumor involved stomach, left kidney, left adrenal and splenic flexure of colon were also removed en bloc. During the follow-up period there was no recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding, one patient died and two patients developed metastasis or tumor local recurrence.ConclusionRegional portal hypertension caused by malignant tumor was relatively rare,aggressive resection of multi-viscera combined with devascularization was an effective therapy.

Objective To compare the clinical effects of extensive or limited arthroscopic debridement in varying degrees of knees osteo-arthritis. Methods 32 cases with knees osteoarthritis who underwent extensive debridement under arthroscopy were selected as the observa-tion group, and 30 cases with knees osteoarthritis who underwent limited debridement were selected as the control group. The excellent rate of joint function, Lysholm and VAS scores were compared between the two groups. Results The excellent rate of joint function were 90. 0%and 91. 4% in observation group and control group respectively, without significant difference (P>0. 05). Lysholm scores of patients with grade Ⅱ osteoarthritis was much higher in observation group than that in control group after operation (P<0. 05). There was no significant difference in Lysholm scores between gradeⅠand gradeⅢosteoarthritis (P>0. 05). No statistically significant difference of VAS scores on 1 year after operation were found (P>0. 05). Conclusion Extensive debridement and limited debridement under arthroscopy have similar effects for knees osteoarthritis. Extensive arthroscopic debridement is an ideal treatment method for Ⅱ grade of knees osteoarthritis.

Drug Contamination ; Staining and Labeling ; methods

Liposomes have made remarkable achievements as drug delivery vehicles in the clinic. Liposomal products mostly benefited from remote drug loading techniques that succeeded in amphipathic and/or ionizable drugs, but seemed impracticable for nonionizable and poorly water-soluble therapeutic agents, thereby impeding extensive promising drugs to hitchhike liposomal vehicles for disease therapy. In this study, a series of weak acid drug derivatives were designed by a simplistic one step synthesis, which could be remotely loaded into liposomes by pH gradient method. Cabazitaxel (CTX) weak acid derivatives were selected to evaluate regarding its safety profiles, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics. CTX weak acid derivative liposomes were superior to Jevtana® in terms of safety profiles, including systemic toxicity, hematological toxicity, and potential central nerve toxicity. Specifically, it was demonstrated that liposomes had capacity to weaken potential toxicity of CTX on cortex and hippocampus neurons. Significant advantages of CTX weak acid derivative-loaded liposomes were achieved in prostate cancer and metastatic cancer therapy resulting from higher safety and elevated tolerated doses.