Objective To evaluate the correlation between osteophytes size and lower limb alignment in the knees of patients with Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD).Methods A total of 300 clinically diagnosed patients with KBD were X-rayed on knee-joints which ranged from the distal half of femur to proximal half of tibia.Meanwhile some related parameters in the X film with the anteroposterior position (including osteophytes length,femorotibial angle,femorotibial joint space ratio of inner side to outer side) were measured by DICOM 2.0,a software of medical graphic measuring,then followed by calculating the osteophyte spur index.The association between femorotibial angle,femorotibial joint space ratio and osteophytes spur index was evaluated by Pearson correlation test.Results The average of femorotibial angle of all the tested knee-joints was (165.97 ± 4.02)°,which positively correlated with both the osteophyte spur index of the medial femoral condyle [(6.54 ± 3.12)％,correlation coefficient (r) =0.524,P＜0.01] and the osteophyte spur index of medial tibil plateau [(7.14 ± 3.40)％,r =0.578,P ＜0.01].The femorotibial joint space ratio was 0.61 ± 0.13,which positively correlated with both the osteophyte spur index of medial femoral condyle (r =0.531,P ＜0.01) and that of the medial tibil plateau (r =0.563,P ＜0.01).Conclusions The results of this study indicate that there is a positive correlation between lower limb alignment and osteophyte size of both the medial femoral condyle and the medial tibial plateau.This finding may be evidenced by the fact that the changes of lower limb biomechanics may contribute to formation and development of osteophytes in the kneejoint.

Objective To investigate the distribution of air microorganisms in soldies′living quarters of one under-ground tunnel during airtight survival training .Methods Anderson sampling was carried out in Area A and Area B ( living quarters) and Area C (a toilet) at designated time and place.After sampling, the culture and identification of microorgan-isms were finished .Results ①In the living quarters of the whole underground tunnel , the total number of bacteria ranged from 125 to 37 800/m3,but it was 2692, 1844 and 2199/m3, respectively in Area A, B and C.The mean number of bac-teria was 2245/m3 .The number of fungi ranged from 0 to 10 017/m3 .The total number of fungi of Area A , B and C was 1064 , 883 and 1011/m3 .The mean number was 986/m3 .②The number of bacteria in the living areas presented three fea-tures:the total bacteria showed overall three peaksin Area A and B, buttwin peaksin Area C.In Area A and B, the number of bacteria exhibited low colony at first but fluctuated heavily later .In Area C, it decreased gradually to the mini-mum,and the fungi showed a wavy and irregular trend .③The air microbial species included cocci ( Micrococcus, Coriolis of Staphylococcus aureus, S.epidermidis and S.equorum) , bacilli ( Acinetobacter baumannii, A.lwoffii and Alcaligenes faeca-lis),and fungi (Mucor and Saccharomyces).Conclusion Although the content of microorganisms was up to the military hygiene standards , it was higher than in the same kind of tunnels .Themulti peakphenomenon of microbial distribution suggests that the change of air microorganisms in tunnels has its own characteristics .Most of the air microorganisms are con-ditioned pathogens that may cause illness if they are not under control .

Objective To observe the condition of Keshan disease (KSD) in Gansu Province in order to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of the disease. Methods In 2011, according to “The national Keshan Disease Monitoring Program (trial edition)”, based on searching of KSD cases, 12 villages of 12 towns in 6 counties of Gansu Province, were selected as surveillance sites. All the residents in surveillance sites were clinically examined and given 12-lead ECG tracings; suspected cases were taken anterior chest X-rays in the distance of 2 meters, while staple food and life conditions of the residents were surveyed. Diagnosis of KSD was based on“Keshan Disease Diagnostic Criteria”(WS/T 210-2011). Results Among investigated 5 484 residents, the incidence of abnormal electrocardiogram was 15.41%. Of the 196 X-ray films, 61 cases had enlarged heart(in which 22 of mild, 21 of moderate and 18 of severe). Two hundred and forty-three cases of KSD were detected, the general detection rate was 4.43%, in which 31 cases of chronic, the detection rate was 0.56%; 212 cases of potential, the detection rate was 3.87%. In all cases, 47 cases were under the age of 30, including 46 cases of potential and 1 case of chronic. The major abnormal electrocardiogram change of KSD cases was ST-T changes[22.68%(71/313)], followed by complete right bundle branch block[16.29%(51/313)], low voltage[12.46%(39/313)], and left anterior fascicular block[6.71%(21/313)]. Per-capita annual income in surveillance site was 1 763 Yuan;and the major staple food was flour, accounted for 87%, and the staple food rice accounted for 5%. Conclusion The detection rate of KSD in Gansu Province is mainly to potential, and there is a cosiderable portion of patients under the age of 30;monitoring and investigation should also be strengthened in the younger age of KSD cases detected village.

Objective To grasp the epidemic features of Kaschin-Beck disease in different ecotypic areas in Gansu Province,in order to provide ecological basis for Kashin-Beck disease control.Methods Totally 37 counties with Kashin-Beck disease were divided into four ecological areas,villages with historical serious condition in township and townships with historical serious condition in county were investigated.Clinical examination and Xray of right hand of all 7-12-year-old children in the villages were carried out,while investigation of prevention and control measures was performed.Results Among 27 966 children from four ecological areas,the clinical detection rate was 0.05％ (14/27 966) and the X-ray positive rate was 1.26％ (353/27 966),metaphyseal rate was 1.25％ (350/27 966),bone-side positive rate was 0.01％ (3/27 966) and no case of epiphyseal and carpal were discovered.The clinical detection rate in children in the four ecological areas was not statistically significant (x2() =7.757,P ＞0.05),the Loess Plateau-gully region of Longdong [0.09％ (10/11 604)] ＞ the Anyon area of Qinling of Longnan [0.04％ (3/7 969)] ＞ Alpine grassland meadow area of Gannan [0.02％ (1/4 021)] ＞ the Loess Plateau-hills region of Longzhong [0 (0/4 372)].The detected rate of X-ray in four ecological areas was statistically significant (x2 =18.133,P ＜ 0.05),the Anyon area of Qinling of Longnan [1.49％ (119/7 969)] ＞ the Loess Plateau-gully region of Longdong [1.41％ (164/11 604)] ＞ the Loess Plateau-hills region of Longzhong [0.89％ (39/4 372)] ＞ Alpine grassland meadow area of Gannan [0.77％ (31/4 021)].Comprehensive prevention and control measures on Kaschin-Beck disease were different in different ecotypic areas.Relocation,long-distance education and selenium supplement measures had not been implemented in the four ecological areas.Conclusion The epidemic situation of Kaschin-Beck disease is different in different ecotypic areas in Gansu Province,which maybe related to ecological environment,but is under a state of control.

Objective To characterize CD4+CD8+double-positive T ( DPT) cells in PBMCs from patients with tuberculosis(TB).Methods PBMCs were isolated from peripheral blood samples collected from patients with TB and healthy subjects.The subsets and percentages of CD4+T, CD8+T and DPT cells in PBMCs were determined by flow cytometry.Cell surface markers ( CD45RO, CCR7 and CD25 ) and intracellular cytokines ( IFN-γand TNF-α) were detected directly and after ESAT-6/PPD stimulation.Re-sults Patients with TB showed a significantly increased DPT cells as compared with the cured individuals and healthy subjects (P<0.005).The levels of DPT cells were gradually decreased down to normal upon the treatment of pharmacotherapy.DPT cells expressed higher levet of CD25 than CD4+T and CD8+T cells ( P<0.005 ) . DPT cells could express more IFN-γand TNF-αupon the stimulation of ESAT-6/PPD (P<0.005).The analysis of memory phenotype indicated that DPT cells were memory T cells.Conclusion DPT cells in peripheral blood of the patients with tuberculosis played a critical role in protective immunity against tuberculosis.The alterations of DPT cells in PBMCs during the period of pharmacotherapy might be a potential indicator for the prognosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To explore the relationship between prevalence of Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) and ecological environment, and to broaden the perspective of KBD etiology. Methods In 37 counties of KBD areas in Gansu Province, information about the ecological environment and implementation situation of control measures (altitude, temperature, rainfall, evapo ration, frost free period, annual sunshine hours, population density, per capita income, the proportion of staple food, returning farmland to forest, to forestry and replant crops) and X-ray detection rate of KBD of 7-12-year-old children in 2012 - 2014 was collected. Using four quantile regression method, the regression model was introduced to analyze the 11 ecological factors which related to the pathogenesis of KBD. The effect of three points on X-ray detection rate of KBD was estimated. Results The X-ray detection rate of KBD was independent of altitude, temperature, evaporation, population density, per capita income and cash crops, and was dependent of rainfall, frost free period, annual sunshine hours, the staple food purchase ratio, and returning farmland to forest and grassland. No matter where in any place numbered, the higher rainfall (measure value:0.003 3 to 0.006 4), the longer frost free period (measure value: 0.029 2 to 0.043 8), the longer annual sunshine hours (measure value:0.001 6 to 0.001 8), and the higher staple food purchase ratio (measure value:0.019 7 to 0.027 6), the higher risk of X-ray detection rate of KBD; the higher returning farmland to forest and to grassland, the lower risk of X-ray detection rate of KBD (measure value: - 0.037 2 to - 0.013 3). Conclusion The X-ray detection rate of KBD is closely related to local ecological environment.

Objective:Melanoma is highly malignant and heterogeneous.It is essential to develop a specific prognostic model for improving the patients'survival and treatment strategies.Recent studies have shown that ferroptosis results from the overproduction of lipid peroxidation and is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death.Despite this,ferroptosis-related genes(FRGs)and their clinical significances remain unknown in malignant melanoma.This study aims to assess the role of FRGs in melanoma,with the goal of developing a novel prognostic model that provides new insights into personalized treatment and improvement of therapeutic outcomes for melanoma. Methods:We systematically characterized the genetic alterations and mRNA expression of 73 FRGs in The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)-skin cutaneous melanoma(SKCM)dataset in this study.The results were validated with real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting.Subsequently,a multi-gene feature model was constructed using the TCGA-SKCM cohort.Melanoma patients were classified into a high-risk group and a low-risk group based on the feature model.As a final step,correlations between ferroptosis-related signatures and immune features,immunotherapy efficacy,or drug response were analyzed. Results:By analyzing melanoma samples from TCGA-SKCM dataset,FRGs exhibited a high frequency of genetic mutations and copy number variations(CNVs),significantly impacting gene expression.Additionally,compared with normal skin tissue,30 genes with significantly differential expression were identified in melanoma tissues.A prognostic model related to FRGs,constructed using the LASSO Cox regression method,identified 13 FRGs associated with overall survival prognosis in patients and was validated with external datasets.Finally,functional enrichment and immune response analysis further indicated significant differences in immune cell infiltration,mutation burden,and hypoxia status between the high-risk group and the low-risk group,and the model was effective in predicting responses to immunotherapy and drug sensitivity. Conclusion:This study develops a strong ferroptosis-related prognostic signature model which could put forward new insights into target therapy and immunotherapy for patients with melanoma.

Objective:To explore the application value of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system for TBS report in cervical cancer screening.Methods:A total of 16 317 clinical samples and related data of cervical liquid-based thin-layer cell smears, which were obtained from July 2020 to September 2020, were collected from Southern Hospital, Guangzhou Huayin Medical Inspection Center, Shenzhen Bao′an People′s Hospital(Group) and Changsha Yuan′an Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The TBS report artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system of cervical liquid-based thin-layer cytology jointly developed by Southern Medical University and Guangzhou F. Q. PATHOTECH Co., Ltd. based on deep learning convolution neural network was used to diagnose all clinical samples. The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of both artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system and cytologists using artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system were analyzed based on the evaluation standard(2014 TBS). The time spent by the two methods was also compared.Results:The sensitivity of artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system in predicting cervical intraepithelial lesions and other lesions (including endometrial cells detected in women over 45 years old and infectious lesions) under different production methods, different cytoplasmic staining and different scanning instruments was 92.90% and 83.55% respectively, and the specificity of negative samples was 87.02%, while that of cytologists using artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system was 99.34%, 97.79% and 99.10%, respectively. Moreover, cytologists using artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system could save about 6 times of reading time than manual.Conclusions:Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system for TBS report of cervical liquid-based thin-layer cytology has the advantages of high sensitivity, high specificity and strong generalization. Cytologists can significantly improve the accuracy and work efficiency of reading smears by using artificial intelligence-assisted diagnosis system.