High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a newly-developed noninvasive technique recently. Being a safe, non-radioactive and reproducible therapy, high-intensity focused ultrasound has been extensively used in the clinical treatment for a variety of solid tumors such as uterine adenomyosis. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about this technique, focusing on the mechanism, clinical indications and contraindications, safety, efficacy and the complications of HIFU for the treatment of uterine adenomyosis.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of sertraline combining with quetiapine in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) .Methods: A total of 86 patients who met the criteria for OCD in International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) were randomly assigned to two groups. One group was treated with sertraline combining with quetiapine and die other with sertraline only for 8 weeks. The efficacy was measured wim the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) . The side effects were assessed with the Treatment Emergent Symptoms Scale (TESS) . Results: One patient in sertraline group fell off and was out of statistical analysis. At endpoint the significant improvement rate in the combining group was higher than that in the sertraline group (72.1% vs. 47.6% , P = 0.021) . In combining group, the YBOCS score [(25.00 ± 5.19) vs. (11.74 ± 4.50), P < 0.01] and HAMD score [(14.47 ± 4.05) vs. (6. 86 ±2.61), P < 0.001] were decreased after treatment In sertraline group, the YBOCS score [(24.55 ± 3.60) vs. (14.38±4.18), P<0.001] and HAMA score [(14.79 ± 3.77) vs. (8.29 ±3.04), P <0.001] were also decreased after treatment There were significant differences between the two groups (Ps < 0.05) . There were no significant differences between the two groups in the TESS score at the end of 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks (Ps > 0.05) . The incidence of drowsiness and tachy-heart rate in the combining group was high than that in the control group (37.2% vs. 4.8% , P <0.001; 27.9% vs. 4. 8% , P=0.004) . But most patients with these two kinds of side effects were disappeared in 2 weeks. There were no significant differences between the two groups in other side effects such as nausea, anxiety, headache, and constipation (Ps > 0.05) .Conclusion: The addition of quetiap-ine to sertraline therapy has been found to be effective and well-tolerated approach in patients with OCD.

Eosinophils ; pathology ; Humans ; Nasal Polyps ; classification ; pathology

Objective:To investigate the eye movement anormalities of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and their possible clinical significances. Methods: Exploratory eye movement in 57 patients with OCD according to DSM-IV criteria (27 medicated, 30 un-medicated) and 50 normal controls matched with sex, age and education were examined respectively. Results: Compared with normal controls, patients with OCD demonstrated low scores in most of the indices of exploratory eye movement. The rates of positive discrimiant score in OCD and normal controls were 37%(21/57) and 8% (4/50), respectively (X2 = 12.27, P

Objective:To compare the DNA character with in cholesteatoma tissues with that in normal skin.Method:DNA content within 25 cholesteatoma tissues and 10 normal postauricular skin was measured with flow cytometry.Result:The content of cholesteatoma tissues and postauricular skin specimens are a normal euploid.The cell number during S phase of cholesteatoma(10.9±2.32)% was higher than that in normal skin(7.31±2.82)%.Conclusion:Although the cholesteatoma has a very high proliferating character,the result suggest it isn′t a malignant tumor.

The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 gene (Bcl-2) was detected in 25 cases of cholesteatoma tissues and 10 cases of normal skin by using immunohistochemical technique. The results showed that the PCNA index of cholesteatoma tissues was higher than that of normal skin, but Bcl-2 was not expressed in cholesteatoma tissues and normal skin. The PCNA index was correlated with the aggressiveness of cholesteatoma. It was suggested that PCNA could be considered to be a prognostic marker and an indicator of aggressive behavior in cholesteatoma. Although the cholesteatoma had a very high proliferating character, it wasn't a malignant tumor.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the extent of endolymphatic hydrops as shown by three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (3D FLAIR MRI) performed 24 hours after bilateral intratympanic gadolinium administration and discuss the positive rate of endolymphatic hydrops in vestibule and cochlea. METHOD: Twenty-four hours after bilateral intra-tympanic 8 times diluted gadolinium administration, three-dimensional fluid-attenuated inversion recovery MRI, using a three-Tesla unit, was performed in 48 patients, and then assessed the extent of endolymphatic hydrops in the MRI images. RESULT: Forty-eight patients showed different levels of enhancement of perilymth in the inner ear. In these patients, obvious signs of endolymphatic hydrops were visualized in vestibule,including 8 slight hydrops, 17 mild hydrops and 23 severe hydrops with a diagnostic rate of 83.3%. There were almost no complications in all 48 patients after bilateral intra-tympanic injection except short vertigo in some of them. CONCLUSION 3D FLAIR MRI resonance imaging has a high positive diagnostic rate in assessing endolymphatic hydrops of Ménière's disease and provides direct imaging evidence for diagnosing Ménière's disease.
Cochlea ; Contrast Media ; Ear, Inner ; Ear, Middle ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Injections ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Meniere Disease ; diagnosis ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

OBJECTIVE: To review endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system, and to explore the application value of Fusion image guided system in endonasal endoscopic surgeries. METHOD: Retrospective research. Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries aided by Fusion image guided system were analysed including chronic rhinosinusitis with polyp (n = 10), fungus sinusitis (n = 5), endoscopic optic nerve decompression (n = 16), inverted papilloma of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), ossifying fibroma of sphenoid bone (n = 1), malignance of the paranasal sinus (n = 9), cerebrospinal fluid leak (n = 5), hemangioma of orbital apex (n = 2) and orbital reconstruction (n = 3). RESULT: Sixty cases of endonasal endoscopic surgeries completed successfully without any complications. Fusion image guided system can help to identify the ostium of paranasal sinus, lamina papyracea and skull base. Fused CT-CTA images, or fused MR-MRA images can help to localize the optic nerve or internal carotid arteiy . Fused CT-MR images can help to detect the range of the tumor. It spent (7.13 ± 1.358) minutes for image guided system to do preoperative preparation and the surgical navigation accuracy reached less than 1mm after proficient. There was no device localization problem because of block or head set loosed. CONCLUSION Fusion image guided system make endonasal endoscopic surgery to be a true microinvasive and exact surgery. It spends less preoperative preparation time, has high surgical navigation accuracy, improves the surgical safety and reduces the surgical complications.
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak ; surgery ; Endoscopy ; instrumentation ; Fibroma, Ossifying ; surgery ; Humans ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Nose ; pathology ; Papilloma, Inverted ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Sinusitis ; surgery ; Sphenoid Bone ; pathology ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the nasal mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polys patients, and explored the regulation of clarithromycin on VEGF. METHOD: RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of VEGF in nasal mucosa from healthy control and CRSwNP. Nasal mucosal tissue explant culture measure and ELISA were used to explore the effect of clarithromycin on VEGF expression. RESULT: (1) VEGF mRNA expression level was significantly increased in CRSwNP compared with control and showed a statistic difference (P < 0.01). (2) There was a significant decrease in CRSwNP group undergo clarithromycin treatment on protein expression level of VEGF and showed a statistic difference (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION VEGF were overexpressed in CRSwNP group, which presume that play an important role in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. Clarithromycin may play a therapeutical role on chronic rhinosinusitis through down-regulated the expression of VEGF.
Adult ; Chronic Disease ; Clarithromycin ; pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Nasal Polyps ; complications ; Rhinitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Sinusitis ; complications ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Th2 cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. To investigate the effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the production of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 in allergic rhinitis, a model of allergic rhinitis was established in SD rats. The expression level of p38 MAPK mRNA in PBMCs was detected by means of real time quantitative RT-PCR. The p38 MAPK activity in PBMCs was detected by Western blotting. PBMCs were cultured with various concentrations of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 239063 or without the treatment, and then IL-4, IL-5 levels of the supernatant were determined by using sandwich ELISA. The results showed that mRNA expression and activity of p38 MAPK in PBMCs were significantly higher in allergic rhinitis rats than in control rats (P<0.05). The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 239063 decreased the production of IL-4 and IL-5 in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that p38 MAPK plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis which is associated with Th2 cytokines release.