OBJECTIVE To assess the diagnostic and prognostic value of C-reactive protein(CRP) levels,body temperature and white blood cell(WBC)count for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP).METHODS Temperature,and concentration of CRP and WBC count of the patients were determined daily,and fixed a day for sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA).Then observed the prognosis be cured,stable out of ICU or death.Patients were divided into death and survival groups according to the prognosis and analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS There were four response modes of CRP ratio after antibacterial treatment:fast response,slow response,nonresponse and biphasic response.All patients with fast response and most patients with slow response survived,whereas all patients with nonresponse and biphasic response were died(P

[Objective]To probe the approach of supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin in the treatment of lung cancer. [Methods] With detailed research into Chinese medicine literature from recent years regarding its application in lung cancer, the basic pathogenesis of lung cancer, and relevant clinical effects and fundamental research of lung cancer are summarized.[Result]Numerous studies have shown that Qi and Yin deficiency is the basic pathogenesis of lung cancer, thus the approach of supplementing Qi and nourishing Yin can reduce the side effects and strengthen the clinical effects of radio-chemotherapy, stim-ulate immune function, improve life quality, and prolong the survival time of the patients.[Conclusion]It is significantly obvious that the approach of supple-menting Qi and nourishing Yin has shown great advantages in the treatment of lung cancer, however further clinical and basic research are expected.

Objective To study the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from children with infectious skin diseases in Beijing area and to investigate the prevalance of community acquired methicillin-resistant S.aureus (MRSA).Methods S.aureus was isolated from 600 outpatients with infectious skin diseases in Beijing Children's ospital.The susceptibility of these isolates to 14 antimi crobial agents was determined by agar dilution method according to the guidelines from Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results Totally，451 S.aureus strains were isolated.Of them,93.8% were resistant to penicillin,87.6% to erythromycin,71.6% to lindamycin,37.3% to etracycline,13.3% to chloramphenicol,6.4% to gentamicin,1.6%to oxacillin,2.2% to ciprofloxacin,0.4% to cefazolin,0.2% to cefuroxime and mupirocin.No resistance was found to vancomycin,ceffriaxone or fusidic acid.Conclusions The results suggest that penicillin and erythromycin are no longer the appropriate agents for the treatment of S.aureus.The prevalance of MRSA iS 1.6% in children with infectious skin diseases in Beijing area.Oxacillin and cephalosporin are recommended for systemic treatment of community acquired MRSA,and mupirocin or fusidic acid for its topical treatment.

OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibitory effect of Longzhi extracts (extracts from a Chinese herbal compound) on the growth of transplanted hepatoma H22 and sarcoma S180 in mice. METHODS: Certain dosage of Longzhi extracts was dissolved into distilled water to obtain the suspension of definite concentration. The suspension of 0.2 ml was planted on the right forefoot of each mouse. The mice were randomly divided into groups 24 hours later and treated for 7 days. One day after the treatment stopped, the mice were sacrificed and the tumor masses were taken out and weighed. RESULTS: The inhibition rates of Longzhi extracts on the tumor of transplanted H22 and S180 were 63% and 41% respectively. CONCLUSION: Longzhi extracts has antitumor action.

Objective:To evaluate the role of autophagy in reduction of high glucose and hypoxia-reoxygenation (HG+ H/R) injury to isolated cardiomyocytes by dexmedetomidine in rats.Methods:The normally cultured rat H9c2 cardiomyocytes at the logarithmic growth phase were seeded in 6-well plates at a density of 1×10 6 cells/ml and divided into 4 groups ( n=15 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), group HG+ H/R, dexmedetomidine group (group DEX) and dexmedetomidine+ autophagy inhibitor 3-methylpurine group (group 3-MA). The cells were incubated in culture medium with 1% fetal bovine serum + 1% double antibody for 24 h when the cell density reached 50%.To establish HG+ H/R injury model, the cardiomyocytes were cultured in high-glucose culture medium (glucose concentration of 33 mmol/L) for 24 h, and then incubated in a 37 ℃ incubator (95% N 2+ 5%CO 2) for 4 h followed by reoxygenation (90%O 2+ 10%CO 2) for 2 h. Dexmedetomidine was added until the final concentration reached 5 μmol/L at 1 h before hypoxia in DEX and 3-MA groups, and 3-MA was added until the final concentration reached 5 μmol/L at 1 h of incubation with dexmedetomidine.At 2 h after reoxygenation, the cell viability was recorded by the cell counting kit-8 assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was detected by LDH kit, the expression of autophagy-related protein LC3, P62 and Beclin-1 was detected by Western Blot, the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas calculated, and the expression of P62 and Beclin-1 mRNA was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results:Compared with group C, the cell viability was significantly decreased in HG+ H/R, DEX and 3-MA groups, LDH activity in the supernatant was increased and expression of P62 was decreased in HG+ H/R and 3-MA groups, ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas decreased in group 3-MA, and the expression of Beclin-1 was down-regulated in group HG+ H/R ( P<0.05). Compared with HG+ H/R group, LDH activity in the supernatant was significantly decreased, expression of Beclin-1, P62 and its mRNA was up-regulated, and ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰwas increased in DEX group, and LDH activity in the supernatant was increased in group 3-MA ( P<0.05). Compared with DEX group, cell viability were decreased, LDH activity in the supernatant was increased, Beclin-1, P62 and its mRNA was down-regulated, and ratio of LC3Ⅱ/ LC3Ⅰwas decreased in group 3-MA ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Autophagy is involved in the reduction of HG+ H/R injury to isolated cardiomyocytes by dexmedetomidine in rats.

Objective To analyze the feature of B cell epitope of soluble liver antigen(SLA) in autoimmune hepatitis. Methods Twenty-one autoimmune hepatitis(AIH) were enrolled the study. The control groups included 15 primary biliary cirrhosis(PBC) patients, 20 chronic virus hepatitis patients and 20 heaths. The serum incubated with coated one dimension of SLA peptide pools by ELISA for mapping the B cell epitopes. ELISPOT was performed to screen the SLA specific T cell response by observing the secretion of IFN-γ after PBMC simulated. Results Ten serum samples from AIH patients recognized the SLA peptide pools, the frequency was 47.62%, which was higher than PBC group, virus hepatitis group and normal control group, P value was 0.001, <0.001 and <0.001, respectively. The 10 positive serum dominant response to SLA 7 th pool(aa385-441), which laid in the unique no conservative region of the SLA molecular. T cell recognizing regions laid dominantly in first and second pool, the frequency was 30% and 40%, respectively, however the recognized frequency of 7th pool was 10%. Conclusion B cell linear epitopes lie in the sequence aa385-441, which is the unique unconservative region in the high conservative SLA molecular and overlaps with part sequence of T cell epitopes. The results show it is complex and interaction that SLA induced humoral-mediated immunity and cellular immunity to involve in AIH pathogenesis.

Objective:To investigate the influence of B-lymphocyte chemoattractant on the immune response of CVB3 fusion gene vaccine pcDNA3/C3d3-sVP1.Methods:BALB/c mice were divided into 4 groups randomly, and injected intramuscularly with pcDNA3,pcDNA3/BLC,pcDNA3/C3d3-sVP1 and the combination with the plasmid pcDNA3/BLC and pcDNA3/C3d3-sVP1.At a certain time,they were measured for the titers for neutralizing antibodies,specific CTL cytotoxic activity.The protective efficacy of DNA vaccinations was evaluated by titers of blood viruses and survival rate.Results:The titers for antibodies increased with the time of inoculation.More specifically,the antibody titers (42.17±1.43) and the specific CTL cytotoxic activity (41.3%±3.51%) of the mice in the combination group were remarkably stronger than in the mice with pcDNA3/C3d3-sVP1(P＜0.05),but the virus titers of blood was lower.After lethal CVB3 challenge,the protection of mice from death in the combination group with the plasmid pcDNA3/BLC and pcDNA3/C3d3-sVP1 was 44%.Survival curves indicated that the survive state of combination group was better than others.Conclusion:BLC can strongly enhance the specific immunity induced by C3d3-sVP1.

Objective To investigate the effect of blood hemoperfusion with resin adsorption connected in series to continuous veno-venous hemofiltration ( HP + CVVH) on plasma cytokines such as TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 as well as cellular immunity and prognosis of patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndromes (MODS). Methods It was a prospective,randomized clinical trial.A total of 30 patients diagnosed as MODS were randomly (random number) divided into routine treatment + HP + CVVH group (treatment group) and routine treatment + CVVH group (control group).In treatment group,patients received blood hemoperfusion with resin adsorption for 2 hours,and then CVVH for 10 hours every day for 3days.In control group,patients received CVVH for 12 hours every day for 3 days.The plasma samples of patients in treatment group were obtained 0 h,2 h,12 h,24 h,26 h,36 h,48 h,50 h,60 h,5 days,7 days and 10 days after renal replacement therapy.The plasma samples of patients in control group were obtained 0 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,60 h,5 days,7 days and 10 days after renal replacement therapy.All of these patients were monitored with APACHE Ⅱ score,T-lymphocytes subpopulations,blood lactate acid concentration,heart rate,respiration rate and oxygenation index. Results Plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6 decreased dramatically after HP (P ＜ 0.01 ) and T-lymphocytes subpopulations CD3+,CD4 +,CD8 + and CD4 +/CD8 + increased after both HP + CVVH and CVVH.The differences in plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 of patients between two groups were not noticeably obvious at the intervals of 12 h,36 h,and 50 h after renal replacement therapy. But on the 5 th day after renal replacement therapy,plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-1βand IL-6 of patients in HP + CVVH group were lower than those in control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ).There were 5 fatal patients in HP + CVVH group and 6 patients died off in CVVH group during 28 days after treatment.Conclusions Both HP + CVVH and CVVH could lower the levels of plasma TNF-α,IL-1β and IL-6,and improve cellular immunity and clinical symptoms as well as signs.Compared with CVVH,plasma levels of TNF-α,IL- 1β and IL-6 were lower on the 5th day and increase rate of 28-day survival in HP + CVVH group.

ObjectiveTo study the regulatory effect of Tripterygium wilfprdii polyglycoside (TWP) on the expression of EGFR and ErbB-2 induced arthritis rats.The effect of TWP on arthritis was also explored.MethodsAfter the model of CIA rats were established,the expression of EGFR and ErbB-2 in the synovium and articular cartilage were tested by immunohistochemical stain and real time PCR.ANOVA was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe protein and mRNA expression of EGFR and ErbB-2 in the synovium (EGFR 0.268±0.059,ErbB-2 0.25±0.04,EGFR mRNA:14.2±0.55,ErbB-2 mRNA 23.46±3.64) and articular cartilage (EGFR 0.193±0.018,ErbB-2 0.217±0.033,EGFR mRNA:4.16±0.50,ErbB-2 mRNA 9.23±0.66) of the model group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P＜0.01).After being treated with TWP and MTX,the protein and mRNA expression of the EGFR and ErbB-2 decreased markedly (P＜0.01).Conclusion EGFR and ErbB-2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of arthritis development.The molecular mechanism that TWP can treat synovitis and bone destruction of RA is related to the inhibition of EGFR and ErbB-2.