OBJECTIVE:To give an account of the preparation process and quality control of a scar softening ointment METHODS:The scar softening ointment was prepared with zine oxide,Chinese gall,centiped and camphor as crude materals,and all major ingredients were identified and quantitatively determined according to the methods in CHINESE PHAMACOPOEIA Besides,stabitity test and skin irritation test were performed The therapeutic effect was observed in 50 patients RESULTS:The scar softening ointment was reliable in quality and non-irritative in clinical application with a total effective rate of 92 0% CONCLUSION:The preparation is simple in quality control,good in stability and valid in therapeutic effects,and can be used for clinical therapy

Objective To explore the relationships between angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism of insertion/deletion(I/D) and cognition function in senile depressive patients in Chinese Han population.Methods 97 patients with major depression were recruited according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition criteria,and 103 healthy persons were used as controls.The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and neuropsychological tests were used to assess depressive severity and cognitive function in all patients and 44 healthy controls,respectively.The intron 16 I/D polymorphism of ACE gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results The performances of neuropsychological tests in case group except TMT B were significantly poorer than those in control group (P＜ 0.001).Correlation analysis indicated that the total scores of HAMD were negatively associated with Digit Span Test forward score in senile depressive patients (r=-0.213,P=0.040).There were no significant differences between case and controls on genotype and allele frequencies of ACE gene(x-2 =1.745,P=0.418 ; x2 =0.700,P=0.403).And there were no significance in different sex,respectively (P ＞ 0.05).Furthermore,no significant differences of neuropsychological test performances were found between ACE genotypes of senile depressive patients (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Senile depressive patients have extensive cognitive impairments in the acute phase of illness,and working memory performance is correlated with depression severity.ACE gene Ⅰ/D polymorphism may not significantly associate with cognitive function in senile patients.

Objective To research the role of Helicobacter pylori(Hp) on chronic hepatitis B.Methods The seroprevalence of Hp infection and the quantity and genotyping of HBV DNA in 376 patients with chronic hepatitis B,including chronichepatitis group,cirrhosis group and HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) group,were detected,and compared with control and gastritis groups.Results Hp seropositivities in chronic hepatitis B group(56.2%),cirrhosis group(69.9%),HCC group(75.0%) were higher than that in control group(43.4%)(P0.05),the Hp seropositivities in cirrhosis and HCC groups were higher than that in chronic hepatitis group(P0.05).Conclusion Seroprevalence of antibodies to Hp in patients with chronic hepatitis B increases significantly,and Hp seropositivity increases with the pathological changes of chronic hepatitis B.

Objective To analyze the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and its specific genes in liver tissues of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients, and to investigate the effect of H. pylori on development of chronic HBV infected liver diseases. Methods Five hundred and two patients infected with HBV and 429 sex-and age matched healthy controls were enrolled in the case-control study. All subjects were tested for presence of antibodies against H. pylori using ELISA. Fifty-six liver biopsy samples were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Helicobacter genus-specific 16S rRNA primers. The positive samples were further amplified using specific primers of H. pylori cagA, vacA and glmM genes. Results H. pylori infection was accounted for 63.9% in HBV infected patients, which was higher than that in healthy controls (43.4%,P<0.05). Moreover, the seroprevalence of H. pylori in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, 29/36,80.6%) or cirrhosis (64/83,77.1%) was higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis (228/383,59.5%, P<0.01). Helicobacter genus-specific 16S rRNA was found in 17,7 or 11 of patients with cirrhosis, HCC or chronic hepatitis. Twenty-one samples were confirmed as H. pylori DNA by PCR. Conclusions The seroprevalence of antibody against H. pylori was higherHelicobacter can be detected in liver tissues of HBV infected patients. H. pylori might play the role in the development in HBV infected patients compared with healthy controls. Besides H. pylori, other of chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis and HCC.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter hepaticus (H. hepaticus)infection in various species of mice from different regions of China in order to find the role of H. hepaticus in development of hepatitis, liver cancer and tumors in lower digestive tract in mice.Methods One hundred and fourteen mice, including C57BL/6 mice (n= 39), BABL/C mice (n=45),SCID mice (n=14) and C3H mice (n=18), were collected from different regions of China. The serum anti-H, hepaticus-IgG and fecal H. hepaticus antigen were determined by using ELISA. Polymerase chain reaction analysis (PCR) was used to screen Helicobacter genus-specific 16SrRNA and H. hepaticus species-specific 16SrRNA. The feces were cultured and identitied for Helicobacter infection in 114 mice. The H. he paticus infection was identified as one of above tests being positive.Results Of 114 mice, 25 (21.9%) mice were infected with Helicobacter species. The mice infected with H. hepaticus accounted for 44. 0% (11/25) with SCID and C3H mice in high prevelence.Meanwhile, the PCR examination revealed that the rest 56.0% (14/25) mice were infected with other Helicobacter species. Conclusion Besides H. hepaticus infection, the other Helicobacter species infections are also existed in China.

Objective To observe the efficacy of cumulative dose of polyethylene glycol-interferon (Peg-IFN)α-2a combined with ribavirin in patients with decompensated hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver cirrhosis , and to evaluate the effects of anti-virus therapy on the progress of the disease . Methods From January 2005 to March 2009 ,patients with decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis were enrolled ,also included patients received partial splenic embolization .Peg-IFNα-2a combined with ribavirin therapy was given to patients whose blood cell met interferon (IFN) therapy standards .The dosage of Peg-IFNα-2a and ribavirin was adjusted according to the tolerance of the patients .After the treatment ,the patients were followed-up for 24 weeks .The patients whose blood cell did not meet IFN therapy standards and the patients unwilling to receive anti-virus therapy were assigned to control group and were followed-up for 96 weeks .The total amount of medication was calculated according to cumulative exposure dose . Sustained virological response (SVR ) , recurrence rate , liver function and disease progression were observed .The t test or Chi-square test was performed for comparison between groups and rate of disease progression was analyzed with Kaplan Meier curve .Results After anti-virus therapy , SVRs of patients with cumulative dose of Peg-IFNα-2a and ribavirin over 60% (include 60% ) were 27 .3%(12/44) and 27 .7% (13/47) ,respectively ;the recurrence rates were 7/19 and 35 .0% (7/20) ,respectively . In patients with cumulative dose less than 60% ,SVRs were 1/7 and 1/4 ,respectively ,and the recurrence rates were both 1/2 ;the differences of different doses was not statistically significant (all P>0 .05) .At the 24th week of follow-up after therapy ,the Child-Pugh score of combined therapy group was 7 .9 ± 1 .4 , which was lower than that before treatment (8 .5 ± 1 .2) ,and the difference was statistically significant (t=2 .33 ,P=0 .02) .At the 96th week of follow-up ,the Child-Pugh score of control group was 10 .0 ± 1 .6 ,which was higher than that before treatment (8 .5 ± 1 .4) ,and the difference was statistically significant (t=5 .82 , P<0 .01) .The disease progression rate of combined therapy group was 15 .7% , which was lower than that of control group (32 .4% ) ,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4 .34 ,P= 0 .04) .Conclusion The application of non-standard dosage of Peg-IFNα-2a combined with ribavirin in the patients with decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis can achieve virological response once the cumulative dose reached certain standards ,improve Child-Pugh scores of patients and slow disease progression .

Objective To observe the changes of the height of intervertebral discs of the segments adjacent to the fusional and instrumental area after the operation and the relation between the changes of height of intervetebral discs in the adjacent segments and the angle of the pedicle screw.Methods Thirty-one patients who underwent internal fixation from September 2004 to March 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.The intervertebral discs height of adjacent segment was studied.The influence of"Suspensory fixation"on the changes of height of adjacent intervertebral discs was compared.The relation between the changes of the height of the upper adjacent intervertebral discs and the angle of pedicle screw was analyzed.Results The mean follow-up period for the patients was 13.5 months(10-16 months).In the operating-group,the height of the adjacent intervertebral disc decreased slightly,but the changes had no statistical significance(P＞0.05).Between the group fixed between L5 and S1 and group fixed between L4and L5,the changes of the height of the upper adjacent intervertebral discs had no obvious difference(P＞0.05).In the group fixed between L4 and L5,there had no obvious difference between the changes of the height of the upper adjacent intervertebral discs and the changes of the height of the lower one(P＞0.05).When the operating-group were divided into two groups according to the angle of pedicle screw (＜6°or＞6°),the changes of the height of the upper adjacent intervertebral discs had no obvious difference(P＞0.05).But there had positive and correlative relation between changes of the height of the adjacent intervertebral discs and the angle of pedicle screw(r=0.373,P=0.039).Conclusion "Suspensory fixation"has no different influence on the changes of height of adjacent intervertebral discs.There has no difference on the risk of degeneration between upper and lower segment adjacent to the fusional area.There has positive and correlative relation between the changes of height of the upper intervertebral discs adjacent to the fusional area and the angle of pedicle screw,that is,the bigger the angle is,the more clearly the height of adjacent intervertebral discs will change.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H .pylori)infection in type 2 diabetic patients and its effects on diabetic gastroparesis.Methods Prospective clinical case-control study was applied.From January 2011 to December 2013,125 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and 142 healthy controls without dyspeptic symptoms were enrolled.The prevalence of H .pylori infection and the incidence of gastroparesis in 125 patients with diabetes were investigated in both two groups.The patients with type 2 diabetes were divided into groups according to the course of the disease,and the prevalence of gastroparesis and H .pylori infection of each group were analyzed.The patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy controls confirmed with H .pylori infection were treated with eradication therapy,the rate of eradication of two groups was compared.The improved symptoms of gastroparesis before and after eradication therapy of patients with type 2 diabetes were compared.The chi-square test was performed for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of H .pylori infection in type 2 diabetic patients was 66.4%(83/125),which was significantly higher than that of healthy control group (51 .4%,73/142 )(χ2 =5 .549,P <0.05).The prevalence of gastroparesis in diabetic patients with the disease course less than 10 years,10 to 20 years and more than 20 years was 33.8% (27/80 ),47.1 % (16/34 )and 8/11 , respectively.The difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.554,P < 0.05).The prevalence of H .pylori infection in patients with gastroparesis was 78.4% (40/51 ),which was significantly higher than that of patients without gastroparesis (58.1 %,43/74)(χ2 =4.716,P <0.05).The eradication rate of H .pylori infection in patients with type 2 diabetes was 68.7% (57/83),which was lower than that of healthy control group (87.8%,36/41),and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =4.385 ,P <0.05).The incidence of epigastric pain and distension,early satiety and apocleisis before H .pylori eradication in type 2 diabetes patients was 75 .9% (63/83 ),66.3% (55/83 )and 67.5 % (56/83 ), respectively,while after eradication which was 44.6%(37/83),37.3%(31/83)and 39.8%(33/83)after eradication,respectively.The differences were statistically significant (χ2 =15 .720,12.764 and 11 .724;all P <0.01).Conclusions The prevalence of H .pylori infection is significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients,and gastroparesis in type 2 diabetic patients may be correlated with H .pylori infection.The eradication rate in type 2 diabetic patients was lower,and H .pylori eradication therapy can efficiently improve the symptoms of dyspepsia in diabetic patients with gastroparesis.

An analysis of typical cases of AIDS infection incurred by blood transfusion suggests that the error-free infection in blood transfusion calls for a social relief mechanism.The authors also made a feasibility analysis of the compensation of medical risk health insurance for such infection,and explored a new way out for resolving the disputes involving medical risk of such infection.

Objective To determine how genetic polymorphisms in norepinephrine transporter (NET) gene influence the response of antidepressant treatment and how they interact with childhood trauma and recent life stress in a Chinese depressive patients.Methods 281 Chinese Han depressive patients received single antidepressant drugs for 6 weeks.Hamilton Depression Scale-17 (HAMD-17),the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire short term (CTQ-SF) and the Life Events Scale (LES) were used to evaluate severity of depressive symptoms and the occurrence of stressful life events respectively.Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in norepinephrine transporter were genotyped.Associations of single locus and haplotypes with antidepressant treatment response were analyzed using UNPHASED 3.0.13.The interaction of gene and life stress was analyzed by SPSS13.0 software.Results One NET SNP rs2242446 was significantly associated with antidepressant response in this Chinese male sample(0.4118vs0.2375,x2=7.046,P=0.0079,OR=0.445,95％ CI (0.243-0.815)),as was the haplotype CG(rs2242446 and rs5569;x2 =5.886,P=0.0153,OR=0.457,95％ CI (0.198-1.054)) and another haplotype CG-G(rs2242446,rs1532701 and rs5569;x2=5.360,P=0.0206,OR=0.530,95％ CI (0.202-1.386)) of NET in male samples.The NET SNPs rs5569 demonstrated interaction with childhood trauma to influence antidepressant response(β=-2.727,SE =1.195,P=0.023,OR=0.065,95％ CI (0.006-0.681)).Conclusion Antidepressant drug response was influenced by not only NET genetic polymorphisms in norepinephrine transporter gene but also interaction between the NET genetic polymorphisms and early life stress.