The antifungal activity of fluconazole and its two derivatives was tested with ketoconazole as a control by the method of cultivation. The preliminary results show that fluconazole had wider antimicrobial spectra and stronger antifungal activities than its two derivatives and ketoconazole.

Objective To study the detection rate and characteristics of primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with hypertension. Methods A total of 197 patients with hypertension were enrolled and underwent PA and other related exami-nation to exclude the secondary hypertension. Patients were divided into two groups: PA group and essential hypertension (EH) group. The upright position test, supine position test, captopril test, venous high sodium test, potassium concentration examination and adrenal CT scanning were detected in two groups. Values of blood aldosterone, renin activity and aldoste-rone to renin activity ratio (ARR) were detected in some patients. Results (1) In 197 hypertensive patients, 38 were diag-nosed as PA (19.29%), 13 were confirmed by pathology, (6 cases aldosterone-producing adenoma and 7 unilateral adrenal hyperplasia). (2) There were no significant differences in the history of hypertension and body mass index (BMI) between two groups. There were more male patients than female patients in both groups. (3) Compared with EH group, there were relative-ly young age of onset, higher levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in PA group, but the difference was not statistical-ly significant (P>0.05). The levels of blood aldosterone and ARR were significantly increased in upright position and supine position in PA group (P<0.01), but the blood level of renin activity was significantly decreased(P<0.01). There was no sig-nificant significance in blood potassium level between two groups. Conclusion There was a higher detection rate of PA in patients hospitalized with hypertension. The detection rate of aldosterone-producing adenoma was similar to that of unilater-al adrenal hyperplasia in patients with PA. The hypokalemia was uncommon.

BACKGROUND:With the in-depth study of cancer stem cels, increasing evidence has shown that cancer stem cels are the reason for cancer metastasis and recurrence, and therefore it is of great significance to isolate and identify cancer stem cels that can elucidate the pathogenesis of cancer and development of anticancer drugs.
OBJECTIVE: To isolate and culture gastric cancer stem cels and then to detect its biological characteristics.
METHODS: Cancer tissues from 16 patients with gastric cancer were cultured using adherent method and enzymic digestion methods to isolate gastric cancer stem cels. The cel morphology was observed under inverted microscope to drawn out growth curves. Osteogenic and adipogenic ability of cels were also detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gastric cancer stem cels were isolated successfuly by both two methods. Under the microscope, the cels were fusiform- or polygon-shaped. At confluence, the cels grew in a vortex or radial manner. The cel growth curve showed that 1-3 days were latent period, 4-9 days were logarithmic growth phase, and over 10 days were growth plateau phase. Flow cytometry results showed that passage 3 gastric cancer stem cels highly expressed CD90, CD29, CD44, but lowly expressed CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR. After osteogenic induction, calcified nodules were clearly visible in the gastric cancer stem cels at passage 3; after adipogenic induction, bright and tiny fat droplets were seen in the cytoplasm. These findings indicate that cancer stem cels exist in the gastric cancer tissues, and have similar morphology, biological property and multipotent differentiation ability to normal cels, which are probably involved in gastric cancer occurrence and development.

Objective To analyze acinetobacter Baumanii infections in ICU and explore the nursing strategies.Method The clinical data of 5310 ICU patients infected with acinetobacter Baumanii in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results Among the 5310 patients in the ICU,26 were infected by acinetobacter baumanii with an incidence of 0.5%,with 46.2%patients contracted cerebral hemorrhage,38.5%intracerebral tumor,92.3%infection by multi-drug resistant bacteria and.All patients were managed with artificial ventilation and 84.6%patients were hospitalized in ICU for over 7 days.Conclusions The nursing strategies includes reasonable use of antibiotics,active treatment of primary diseases,rigid control of disinfection and isolation,attaching importance to hand hygiene and strict implementation of nursing practice,which are important for preventing and controling the infection of acinetobacter baumanii.

β-Cyclodextrin-N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (CDM-NVP) copolymer was prepared by free radical chain reaction of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) and β-CD maleate (CDM) with γ-ray as initiator.The synthesis conditions of CDM-NVP polymer were as follows: mass ratio of CDM to NVP was 1∶0.7 (CDM 3.6 g and NVP 2.52 g), irradiation dosage was 4 kGy, and DMF aqueous solution (50%, V/V) was set at 20 mL.Under the synthesis conditions, the yield of CDM-NVP was 84% and the weight-average molecular weight was 20 kD.The natamycin (NM) and carbendazim (MBC) could form stable inclusion complexes with CDM-NVP copolymer, and the solubility and fungicidal activity of the complexes were investigated.The stability constant of NM·CDM-NVP and MBC·CDM-NVP complexes at 303 K were 12, 988.54 L/mol and 865.94 L/mol, respectively.The complexes were characterized using phase solubility diagrams, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and ultraviolet (UV) spectra.The analysis of the biological activities of these two complexes indicated that they possessed enhancing fungicidal activities compared to NM and MBC alone.

Objective To study the methods for diagnosis and treatment of insulinoma.Methods The clinical data of 120 patients with insulinoma who had been admitted to our hospital in the last 40 years were retrospectively reviewed.Results Fasting blood glucose values were less than 2.75 mmol/L in all the patients.Fasting serum insulin values in 75 patients were higher than 25 ?U/mL,and the average was (65 ?6.0)?U/mL.Before operation,tumor was detected in 2 of 60 patients by ultrasound scan,and in 10 of 50 by CT. Among 18 patients who had intra-operative B-ultrasound examination, 16 positive cases were verified by intraoperative exploration; and one case the tumor was not palpable but was found by intraoperative B-ultrasound examination.The operations included enucleation of insulinoma(70 patients),insulinoma resection and distal resection of the pancreas(44),distal resection of the pancreas(4),and biopsy(2).The low blood glucose symptoms disappeared after the first operation in 111 of the 112 patients who had benign tumor.One case with benign tumor was cured by a second operation.Twenty patients developed pancreatic fistula after tumor enacleation, of them,14 healed uneventfully after drainage,5 were cured by operation,and 1 died of peritoneal infection.Conclusions Preoperative localization of insulinomas is difficult. Intraoperative exploration and ultrasound scan are the chief methods for the localization of insulinoma.Enucleation of insulinoma should be selected for benign tumor. Resections of the pancreatic body and tail is required for large,deep or multiple tumors.

Objective To investigate the expression of proinsulin, insulin, C-peptide in insulinoma and normal pancreas and their roles. Methods Thirty-eight cases of insulinoma and 20 cases of normal pancreas from Sep. 2006 to Dec. 2009 in our hospital were selected. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of proinsulin, insulin, C-peptide. Results Proinsulin, insulin, C-peptide was expressed in insulinoma and normal pancreas. Proinsulin, C-peptide were strongly expressed in 100%insulinoma, while they were weekly expressed in 55% ～60% normal pancreas; insulin was expressed as + + +in 79% insulinoma, while it was expressed as + + + + in 85% normal pancreas. Proinsulin, C-peptide positive cell accounted for 80% ～ 100% of 38 insulinoma, and insulin positive cell accounted for 50% ～ 70%,the proinsulin/insulin ratio ＞ 1 accounted for 78.9%; while the corresponding values were 20% ～ 80%, 60% ～90%, 10.0% in normal pancreas, and the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The proinsulin/insulin ratio ＞ 1 is 78.9% in insulinoma, and detection of proinsulin may help to diagnose insulinoma.

BACKGROUND:Recent studies have found that adipose mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit immune responses of T cells, B cells and dendritic cells. But it is unclear whether adipose mesenchymal stem cells are able to regulate the immune responses of macrophages. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factorαin J774.1 cells co-cultured with adipose mesenchymal stem cells co-cultured. METHODS:Adipose mesenchymal stem cells at a density of 2×107 per wel were inoculated into the upper chamber of the transwel and 24-wel plates. Then, J774.1 cells were suspended with cellculture medium containing 1 mg/L lipopolysaccharide and planted into the lower chamber of the transwel and 24-wel plates containing adipose mesenchymal stem cells as co-culture group. Meanwhile, inactive J774.1 cells to lipopolysaccharide-activat J774.1 cells served as negative and positive control groups, respectively. After 48 hours, the J774.1 cells were col ected to extract the RNA samples. Then, mRNA expressions of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factorαwere measured by real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the positive control group, direct-contact co-culture of adipose mesenchymal stem cells and J774.1 cells significantly reduced expressions of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factorαin J774.1 cells, but non-contact co-culture only reduced interleukin-6 expression. These findings indicate that adipose mesenchymal stem cells can inhibit the immune response of J774.1 cells activated by lipopolysaccharide.

Objective To investigate the effects of different surgical modalities on primary anorectal malignant melanoma. Methods Clinical data of 60 primary anorectal malignant melanoma cases who were admitted between 1965 and 2007 were collected, summarized and analyzed. Multivariate analysis was performed using the COX proportional hazards regression method. Results Tumors located in the rectum in 50 cases, in the anal canal in 10 cases. The overall survival rates were not significantly different between the 23 cases who received tumor resection only and those 30 cases receiving postoperative adjuvant therapy (X2=0. 078, P>0.05). Among these 53 surgical cases of anorectal malignant melanoma, 37underwent abdominoperineal resection, 16 underwent wide local excisions, There was no significant difference of the survival rates between the two groups (X2=1.464,P>0.05). Risk factors analysis revealed that the depth of tumor invasion is a risk factor (P<0.05), the modality of treatment is a protective factor (P<0.05). Conclusions Surgical operation is the principal effective management for anorectal malignant melanoma, Wide local excision is the principal therapeutic choice for localized well-circumferential anorectal malignant melanomas.

Objective To study the relationship between elevated serum level of immunoglobulin A (IgA) and other abnormality in immunological parameters in patients with primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS)and those with viscera involvement based on determinations of serologic,other laboratory and clinical features.Methods Serum IgA level of 108 patients with pSS,seven males and 101 females with an age of 30～78 years and length of disease course of 0.2～20.0 years,was detected by turbidimetry.Clinical and laboratory parameters in patients were compared between different groups.Remits Elevated serum IgA level was found in 48 (44.4%) of 108 patients with pSS.Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) was found in 91.7 percent of those with elevated sertum IgA and 63.3 percent in those with normal IgA(P<0.05).Serum positivity of rheumatoid factor(RF) was significantly higher in those with elevated serum IgA (70.8%)than those with normal IgA (48.3%,P<0.05).Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis could be found in 22.9 percent of those with elevated serum IgA,and in 8.3 percent of those with normal IgA(P<0.05).Occurrences of primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune hepatitis were higher in those with elevated serum IgA than in those with normal IgA,but not reaching statistical significance.Conclusion Serum IgA level misht play an important role in occurrence and development of pSS,and could be used as an indicator reflecting activity and severity of the disease,as well.