Objective To improve the diagnostic rate of laparoscopy for malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPM) and enhance acquaintance with this disease. Methods The appearance of laparoscopic detection was retrospectively analysed in 25 patients with pathologically proved MPM. Results Hyperemia, edema and faint vascular net in parietal peritoneum were seen in all patients, and the thick or thin callus-like thickened parietal peritoneum was also observed. There were some grey nodes of various size, distribution and number in parietal and visceral peritoneum in all patients. The purplish red masses with hyperemia and edema were seen in abdominal cavity in 21 patients (21/25,84%). Several small masses cold be connected each other to become one big mass. All patients had yellow turbid or bloody ascites. Conclusion MPM had special characteristics under laparoscopy. Laparoscopic detection possesses the advantages of safety, little trauma, less hurt and high diagnostic rate. Laparoscopic detection and biopsy may be the best method for diagnosis of MPM.

Objective To evaluate the preoperative diagnosis and treatment of primary duodenal adenocarcinoma ( PDA). Methods Clinical data of 89 PDA cases undergoing laparotomy from 1985 to 2009 in three hospital in Beijing and Zhengzhou were analyzed retrospectively. Results The prevalence rate of PDA is comparatively low and its clinical manifestations are not specific. The correct diagnostic rate of auxiliary examination were 93% by endoscopy,90% by gastrointestinal X-ray air barium double radiography,82% by MRCP,42% by BUS,70% by CT/MRI. The most common location of the adenocarcinoma(65% ) was at the second portion of the duodenum. Among 67 PDA cases 48 cases underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, 19 cases received segmental deodenectomy. The 5 year's survival rate was 47% and 50% respectively. Conclusions Endoscope and X-ray radiography are mainstays for the diagnosis of PDA. Early diagnosis and radical operation are the key to improve the resection rate and the long term survival.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of central lymph node metastasis and significance of prophylactic central lymph node dissection for clinical N0 (cN0) patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods The clinical data of 315 patients with cN0 PTC in Department of General surgery,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from Jan.2012 to Jan.2014 were analyzed retrospectively.Results (Iumor size,infiltration of thyroid capsule,and tumor number were associated with central lymph node metastasis in patients with cN0 PTC(P＜0.05),and the high risk factors of central lymph node metastasis were infiltration of thyroid capsule and multiple lesions (P＜0.05);()The overall complication rate was 3.17％ (10/315),the rate of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis was 0.63％ (2/315),and the rate of transient hypoparathyroidism was 2.54％ (8/315).All patients with complications recovered after treatment.No patient developed permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis or hypoparathyroidism;()The follow-up time was 6 to 30 months,and 2 cases were lost.No patient developed local tumor recurrence,distant metastasis,or death.Conclusions The high risk factors of central lymph node metastasis in patients with cN0 PTC were infiltration of thyroid capsule and multiple lesions.No patient developed local tumor recurrence,distant metastasis,or death.It is preferable and necessary to perform prophylactic central lymph node dissection in patients with cN0 PTC.

Objective To investigate the significance of non-bronchial systemic collaterals (NBSCs) in supplying bronchial hemoptysic lesions,and to study the morphological features of bronchial artery (BA) when NBSCs become the predominant supplying vessels. Methods Multi-slice helical CT angiographic findings in 124 patients with bronchial hemoptysis were retrospectively analyzed. 3D reconstruction of thoracic systemic arteries,including BAs and NBSCs,was performed at the console work station with the help of real-time thin-slice enhanced helical CT scanning. The number of NBSCs and BAs was calculated,and the internal diameter of the arteries and the thickness of pleura in the vicinity of the pulmonary lesion were measured. According to the presence or absence of NBSCs,the patients were divided into NBSCs group and non-NBSCs group. The relevant data was statistically analyzed. Results NBSCs group included 36 cases,the mean internal diameter of BA was (1.850 ? 0.631)mm and the pleura adjacent to the pulmonary lesion was obviously thickened in 22 cases (61%) with a thickness of 2.7-16.0 mm [mean(7.71 ? 4.12) mm]. In the non-NBSCs group (n = 88),the mean internal diameter of BA was (2.200 ? 0.528) mm and the pleura adjacent to the pulmonary lesion was obviously thickened in 7 cases (8%) with a thickness of 1.1-2.4 mm [mean(1.7 ?0.53) mm]. The differences in both internal diameter of BA and the thickness of lesion's adjacent pleura between two groups were statistically significant (P

Some questions like the hardship of treatment and lacking of standard on diagnosis are existing in steroid-resistant nephritic syndrome(SRNS).This article make an ethical analysis on these questions and assumes that we should persist in treating the patients carefully with humanism,carry on informed consent principle,implement the optimal treatment and perfect the standard of diagnosis and treatment,carry on clinical ethics education and promote the judgment level of clinical ethics.

Case teaching has evident characteristics compared with traditional theory teaching. This article expound the purpose,significance,teaching process and the noticeable problems of case teaching in medicaI ethics teaching.

Objective To develop a new-type animal dental stent for the experiment of canine pulp regeneration.Methods The stent was composed of an upper support frame,an oral limit bracket and a lower support frame,which were aligned from top to bottom.A sleeve joint was made for the connection structure of the bracket,and the height and the width both could be adjusted to adapt to different animals' mouths.The rubber dam could be spread into tension and concave form by rotating the upper and lower support frames' ends.Results By resizing the animal dental stent based on the structure of animal facies maxillaris,medical staffs could proceed the examination and treatment to animals effectively,including the throat examination,oral examination,oral care,dental treatment (such as root canal therapy and dental filling) and other medical behaviors.Conclusion The experimental result shows the feasibility of utilizing the stent in the process of animal experiment or diagnosis and treatment.Moreover,the stent proves the capacity in protecting the soft tissue,widening the vision of operation field,getting rid of the saliva contamination,which is worthy popularizing in animal experiments and animal medical care.

The incorporation of site-specific recombination systems can help to overcome bottlenecks in livestock transgenic technology. For evaluating the efficiency of Cre/lox mediated DNA recombination in embryos and somatic cells, a working model was established using rat mammary carcinoma cell line SHZ-88, aimed at creation of and use repeatedly of selected "friendly loci" in transgenic livestock. An integration vector pTE-lox2272-DsRed-loxP-GFP-loxP, which red fluorescence gene DsRed served as the first target gene and green fluorescence gene GFP as marker gene, was constructed for introduction of acceptor loci in genome. At the same time a replacement vector pT-lox2272-neo-loxP in which Neo coding sequence served as the second target gene was also constructed for replacing DsRed gene. Transgenic cell clones were produced by electroporating SHZ-88 cell with the integration vector. Cells from three transgenic clones selected randomly were further amplified and were then co-electroporated with the replacement vector as well as cre gene. Analysis of the expression patterns of DsRed and GFP indicated that among the 1 070 cell colonies the efficiency on marker GFP deletion was 91.1% and the efficiency on gene replacement was 29.3%. Molecular analysis by PCR and Southern blotting confirmed that the color patterns as expressed by cell colonies could represent the actual molecular events. This working model mediated by Cre/lox system should be useful for the improvement of the present animal transgenic technology.

Objective To investigate the effect of posterior operation for thoracolumbar burst fractures combined with dislocation. Methods The study involved 22 patients with thoracolumbar burst fractures combined with dislocation admitted into our hospital from October 2005 to March 2008. There were 17 males and 5 females at age range of 18-56 years. The fractures were located at T12-L2. The fractured vertebrae lost its height by 1/4 to 3/4 of the normal height. The upper vertebral dislocation ex-tent was from 25% to 50%. All operations were accomplished within two weeks after injury. The patients were randomly divided into two groups, ie, Group Ⅰ (implanted with 4 pedicle screws in upper and lower vertebrae adjacent to the fractured vertebrae) and Group Ⅱ (implanted with 6 pedicle screws in 2 upper and 1 lower vertebrae adjacent to the fractured vertebrae). The operation time, volume of blood loss, ky-photic angle, neurological function and Low Back Outcome Score (LBOS) were compared between two groups. Results All patients were followed up for 12-36 months. The duration of operation in Group Ⅱ was longer than Group Ⅰ (P < 0.05), with no increase of intraoperative blood loss. Group ⅡI was su-perior to Group Ⅰ in aspects of correction rate, correction loss and implant failure rate (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in aspects of neurological function recovery and low back outcome score be-tween two groups. Conclusion Fixation with three vertebrae and six pedicle screws through posterior approach is an effective, feasible and safe procedure for treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures com-bined with dislocation.

Objective:To explore the effect of the synthetic immunomodulator CH 2b with a thiazolidin-4-one ring on the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mice induced by glucose-6-phosphate isomerase(GPI) mixed peptides.Methods:hGPI325-339 ,hGPI469-483 peptide fragments were mixed with complete freund′s adjuvant fully ,DBA/1 mice were givien subcutaneous injection of the emulsifiers,pertussis toxin to strengthen immunity.And then RA mice were intervened with α-GalCer and CH2b,the changes of body weight ,ankle joint symptoms scores were observed .The joint tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin ( HE) was used to evaluate the inflammatory cells.Fluorescence-activated cell sorting ( FACS) was used to detect the frequency changes of iNKT cells .Cytometric bead array(CBA) was used to analyze the levels of serum cytokines TNF-α,IL-6,IL-4,IFN-γ.Results: Compared with the model group,α-GalCer,CH2b could reduce the inflammation of the model mice ,significantly improve the body weight growth and the joint swelling(P<0.05).The inflammatory cells infiltration were decreased.More importantly,CH2b improved the frequency of iNKT cells in peak,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IFN-γin serum were significantly decreased(P<0.05) by CH2b.α-GalCer,CH2b could decrease the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,IFN-γ,and the two groups had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:Immunomodulator CH2b by activating iNKT cells affect the secretion of inflammatory cytokines ,and it relieved the GPI induced arthritis .