AIM: To observe the effect of ligustrazine on the calcium contents and calmodulin activity of lung tissue in rats of the bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: Thirty-two SD rats were replicated into pulmonary fibrosis models by intratracheal injection of bleomycin A 5 in one lump and were divided into two groups randomly, untreated model group (n=16) and ligustrazine group(n=16). The calcium contents and calmodulin activity of the lung of the rats of each group were assayed on d 14, d 28 after the injection and compared with control group (n=8). RESULTS: The calcium contents and calmodulin activity of model group were obviously higher than control group (P

Objectives To investigate the dynamic change of galectin-1 in myocardium of mice with viral myocarditis (VMC). Methods A total of 58 male BALB/c mice were selected and randomly divided into CVB3 group (n=50) and control group (n=8). Mice in CVB3 group were infected with 0.10 ml 10-5/L CVB3 through intraperitoneal inoculation, and 8 mice were killed on day 7, 10, 14 and 28 respectively after inoculation. Mice in control group inoculated with 0.10 ml eagle reagent was killed on day 28. The myocardial pathological changes were observed using light microscope. In addition, expressions of serum galectin-1 were detected by ELISA and expressions of myocardial galectin-1 were detected by real-time quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR). Results Compared with control group, the myocardial expression of galectin-1 mRNA in CVB3 group was obviously increased on day 7 and day 10 (all P<0.05);the serum concentration of galectin-1 in CVB3 group was obviously increased on day 7, day 10 and day 14 (all P<0.05). Conclusion The expressions of galectin-1 in myocardium of mice with viral myocarditis were in dynamic changes. Galectin-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis and development of viral myocarditis.

Objective To investigate the role of endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) in airway inflammation and responsiveness in a rat model of chronic passive-smoking.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into a control group (breathing fresh air) and a passive smoking group [cigarette smoking (CS) passively] ,with 18 rats in each group.Six rats in each group were randomly intraporitoneally injected with normal saline, sodium hydrosulfide (NailS) or propargylglycine (PPG, an irreversible inhibitor of cystathionine-γ-lyase).The animals were divided into six subgroups,ie.Con group, Naris group, and PPG group, CS group, CS + Naris group, and CS + PPG group.After 4 months,lung histological change and airway tension were measured.The H2 S levels of plasma and lung tissue were analyzed by the sensitive sulphur electrode assay.The expression of cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) was measured by western blot.Results Compared with the Con group, CSE protein expression in lung tissues was increased in CS group(P < 0.05) ; the H2S levels of plasma were significantly higher in GS group,NariS group and CS + Naris group,and much lower in PPG group (P < 0.05, respectively).Compared with CS group, the H2 S levels of plasma were significantly higher in CS + Naris group, and much lower in CS + PPG group (P < 0.05, respectively).The H2S level of lung tissue in each group had no significant difference (P > 0.05).Compared with Con group, score of lung pathology was significant elevated, and the responsiveness of airway smooth muscles to Ach and KCI was significant augmented in CS group.Compared with CS group, the score of lung pathology was decreased, and the responsiveness of airway smooth muscles was decreased in CS + NariS group(P < 0.05), and vise versa in CS + PPG group (P < 0.01).Conclusion H2 S can alleviate airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness induced by CS, and administration of H2S might be of clinical benefit in airway inflammation and airway responsiveness.

AIM: To investigate the effect of endothelin (ET), angiotensin II (AngII) and homocysteine (Hcy) on C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) synthesis and release. METHODS: Human endothelial cell was cultured; CNP was measured by radioimmunoassay method. RESULTS: ET and AngII could augment CNP synthesis in human endothelial cells. Compared with control group, 10-9,10-8,10-7 mol/L ET and Ang II increased CNP content of endothelial cells by 1%(P＞0.05), 49%(P＜0.05),117%(P＜0.01) and 137% (P＜0.01),165%(P＜0.01),201%(P＜0.01),respectively. A great dose of ET and Ang II also stimulated CNP release from cultured human endothelial cells. Hcy had no effect on CNP synthesis, but 10-9，10-8,10-7 mol/L Hcy enhanced CNP release from cultured human endothelial cells by 17%(P＞0.05),84%(P＜0.01) and 555%(P＜0.01), respectively. CONCLUSION: ET, AngII and Hcy might be involved in the synthesis and release of human endothelial cell CNP.

AIM: To observe the effect of adrenomedullin(ADM)on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC) induced by urotensin Ⅱ(UⅡ). METHODS: DNA synthesis of cultured rat aortic VSMC was measured by -TdR incorporation. The activities of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) were determined by isotope tagged with [?- 32 P]-ATP. RESULTS: UⅡ(10 -8 mol/L) significantly increased -TdR incorporation of VSMC and MAPK activities by 38%( P0.05 ), 32%( P0.05 ), 32%( P

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the accurate puncture during sacral neuromodulation (SNM) guided with 3D printing navigation template based on reconstruction techniques using fusing sacral CT and MRI images.Methods:Totally 42 patients operated with SNM were selected in Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University from July 2016 to August 2017. The patients were randomly divided into control group ( n=22) and experimental group ( n=20) using random number table. The conventional cross-positioning technique under X-ray was used for puncture during SNM in the control group. While in the experimental group, the sacral CT and MRI images were fused for reconstruction and design of the navigation template, printed by 3D technique for the puncture in SNM. The times of punctures, the average time for puncture operation, the time of intraoperative testing of the stimulator device, the minimum onset voltage of the stimulator, the X-ray radiation dose, postoperative curative effect (rate of secondary transformation) and the incidence rate of complications were compared between the two methods using independent-simple t test or χ 2 test. Results:Compared to control group, fewer times of punctures, shorter time needed for puncture operation, shorter time of intraoperative testing of the stimulator, smaller radiation dose and minimum effective voltage were found in the experimental group ( P<0.05). There were 15 and 16 patients who completed the secondary transformation in the control group and experimental group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2=0.757, P=0.384). There were 3 cases of complications in the control group, including 2 cases of infection and 1 case of bleeding, while no complications in the experimental group. Conclusions:CT and MRI images fusion reconstruction-guided 3D printing navigation template can help perform accurate and safe punctures in SNM. Compared to conventional puncture positioned under X-ray, it can effectively improve the puncture efficiency, and reduce the radiation dose in the operation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and acting mechanism of mometasone furoate on the children with perennial allergic rhinitis. Methods A total of 178 children with perennial allergic rhinitis treated in our hospital were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 89 patients in each group. The experi-mental group received intranasal inhalation of mometasone furoate and the control group received oral administration of loratadine. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. The rhinitis symptom scores and children's rhinoconjunctivitis related quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) scores of the two groups before and after treatment were compared, and the serum interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) levels of both groups were detected. Results After 4 weeks of treatment, the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group in the nasal congestion, nasal itching, throat itching and total symptom scores (P<0.05), and was also lower than the control group in the RQLQ scores such as nasal symptom, practical problem, other symptom and total scores (P<0.05). The experimental group had significantly higher IL-2 level and significantly lower IL-4 and IL-5 levels than the control group, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Conclusion Mometasone furoate can effectively control the clinical symptoms of children with perennial allergic rhinitis and has better overall efficacy than oral loratadine; its acting mechanism may be related to the regulation of Th1 and Th2 cell imbalance.

Objective:To analyze the gene mutation types and haematological characteristics of αβ compound thalassemia, non-delectable α-thalassemia and Hemoglobin H Disease (HbH disease) in Foshan.Methods:Using the method of retrospective analysis, we selected the population who had been tested for thalassemia gene in Foshan Second People's Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University from January 2011 to November 2019. Sysmex XT-5000 automatic hematology analyzer was used for routine blood analysis. α-, β- thalassemia genes were detected by PCR + diversion hybridization method.Results:A total of 4 563 people were tested, of which 1 829 were diagnosed as thalassaemia through genetic diagnosis. αβ compound thalassaemia was detected in 81 cases with a positive rate of 1.8%; non-delectable α-thalassemia was detected in 18 cases with a positive rate of 0.4%; HbH disease was detected in 23 cases with a positive rate of 0.5%. The most common genotypes of αβ compound thalassemia were -- SEA/αα\β41-42/βN (17.3%, 14/81), -α 3.7/αα\β41-42/βN (14.8%, 12/81), -- SEA/αα\β654/βN (11.1%, 9/81). The main manifestations of hematology were normal to mild anemia (93.8%, 76/81). Only β-thalassemia with double heterozygotes and α-thalassemia showed severe anemia. αα CS/αα\βN/βN genotypes were common in the local non delectable α-thalassemia (50.0%, 9/18), and the non delectable α-thalassemia was characterized by non-positive phenotype or typical small-cell hypochromatosis in hematology. The genotypes of local HbH patients were -α 3.7/-- SEA\βN/βN (65.2%, 15/23), and simple HbH manifested as moderate anemia (87.0%, 20/23). Patients with HbH disease and β-thalassemia had normal or mild anemia (13.0%, 3/23). Conclusions:The genotypes of αβ compound thalassemia in Foshan area are diverse and complex, and hematology mainly manifests as mild anemia or normal. Non-delectable α-thalassaemia is common in the genotype of αα CS/αα\βN/βN, and clinical manifestations are asymptomatic gene carriers. The genotype of local HbH patients is mainly -α 3.7/-- SEA\βN/βN, and the hematology mainly shows moderate anemia.

The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.