Objective To observe the clinical effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone analogues in treatment of the girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty(ICPP). Methods Twelve girls with ICPP received therapy with GnRH-A.Before and after the end of treatment for 6 months,secondary sexual characteristics and growth velocity were observed,pelvic ultrasonic examination,X-ray bone age(BA),serum level of E_2 and LHRH stimulating test were detected,and the predicted adult height(PAH) was analysed. Results After treatment,the size of breasts,uterus and ovaries were significantly reduced.The basic and peak levels of serum LH and FSH by LHRH stimulation were also significantly reduced.The ratio of BA/CA(chronology age)was decreased.The PAH was increased. Conclusions GnRH-A can effectively depress the sexual characteristics,reduce the maturation of BA,and also improve the PAH in girls with ICPP.

BACKGROUND: Type Ⅰ collagen is a specific collagen secreted by in vitro cultured osteoblast, and the formed network is the basis of bone mineralization, which also reflects the ability of osteoblast bone formation. Studies have shown astragalus root increased osteoblast proliferation. However, the effect of astragalus root on improving type Ⅰ collagen expression of osteoblast remains poorly understood.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of astragalus root injection on the abilities of rat cranium-derived osteoblast proliferation and type Ⅰ collagen expression.METHODS: Rat osteoblast was cultured in vitro and divided into control group (MEM culture solution containing calf serum) and astragalus root groups (different concentrations). The effect on osteoblast proliferation was evaluated on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 by MTT method. Moreover, the expression of type Ⅰ collagen protein was observed after 6 hours of treatment with astragalus root injection using in cell western-blot method. In addition, the gene expression of COLLal was investigated by real-time PCR method.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: From days 3 to 9, the different concentrations of astragalus root injection improved osteoblast proliferation, respectively compared with control group (P ＜ 0.05), and this ascending trend peaked on day 7. Different concentretions of astragalus root injection improved COLLol mRNA expression, especially 15% astragalus root injection was the most effective. The type Ⅰ collagen protein expression of 15% and 10% astragalus root injection were significantly greater compared with the control group (P ＜ 0.05). Astragalus root injection improved in vitro cultured osteoblast proliferation and type Ⅰ collagen secretion in a certain dose-effect manner.

Objective To explore the relationship between brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) change and carotid artery plaque formation in middle-aged and elderly patients with essential hypertension(EH).Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in 409 patients who were admitted in Hypertension Department in our hospital from January to September 2013.Their age ranged from 35 to 75 years,with mean aged(53.2±15.0) years.Parallel carotid artery ultrasound and BaPWV examination were performed in all patients.According to whether carotid plaques were present,patients were divided into two groups:carotid plaque group and control group.And carotid plaque group was sub-grouped into normal BaPWV group (BaPWV ＜ 1400cm/s) and increased BaPWV group(BaPWV≥1400 cm/s) according to BaPWV levels.The detection rate of carotid plaque was compared between normal BaPWV group and increased BaPWV group.The correlation between BaPWV and carotid plaques was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results Compared with the control group,carotid plaque group showed the prevalence of carotid plaques was increased along with the increases of age(t=11.0,P=11.0),systolic blood pressure (t=3.87,P=3.87),diastolic blood pressure(t=3.70,P=0.00),pulse pressure(t=6.13,P 6.13),total cholesterol levels(t=2.57,P=0.01).The detection rate of carotid plaque was higher in increased BaPWV group than in normal BaPWV group [62.6％(159/254) vs.43.2％(67/155),x2=14.61,P=0.00].After adjusting for age,blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors,the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that increased BaPWV was an independent risk factor for carotid plaques(OR=2.06,P=0.05),and age,smoking,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,pulse pressure,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglyceride levels were positively correlated with carotid plaques.Conclusions BaPWV is one of the independent impact factors for carotid plaques,which plays an important role in early diagnosis and screening for subclinical vascular lesions.

AIM To investigate the pathways of Ca 2+ entry into ECV304 endothelial cell and the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ(AⅡ) on calcium activated non setective cation channel(CAN). METHODS The cell attachment and whole cell configurations of patch clamp technique were used to record channel activity. RESULTS (1) The single channel conductance is ? o=(12 90?2 11) pS( n =4) for Ca 2+ passing through CAN of ECV304 cell in condition of pipette solution without K + and Na + but composed 120 mmol?L -1 CaCl 2. The channel current amplitude and open time can be enhanced by 1?10 -7 mol?L -1 AⅡ. The enhanced conductance in CAN is ? 1=(22 18?2 29) pS( n =4). The results of whole cell recording are identified with single channel recording. (2) The whole cell configuration was carried out for recording voltage dependent Ca 2+ channel in ECV304 cell. The peak current amplitude was (29 32?3 56) pA( n =4). This current was inhibited to (6 00?3 94) pA( n =4) by nifedipine and activated by BayK8644. CONCLUSIONS (1)Ca 2+ enters ECV304 cell via Ca 2+ activated non selective cation channel and voltage dependent L type calcium channel. (2) AⅡ can significantly enhance the calcium entry via CAN in ECV304 cell.

Objective To study the effects of efflux pump inhibitors(CCCP and PAβN)on carbapenems in Pseudomonas aernginosa(P.aeruginosa)clinical isolates and investigate the association between the resistance to imipenem or meropenem and expression levels of efflux pumps of P.aeruginosa.Methods MICs of imipenem or meropenem combined with efflux pump inhibitors including carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone(CCCP,107 strains)and Phe-Arg-β-naphthylamide(PAβN,71 strains)against imipenem-resistant strains were determined by agar dilution method,and changes of MICs were observed.For 32 strains with different resistant phenotypes to imipenem and meropenem,the mRNA expression levels of three efflux pump genes(mexA,mexD and mexF)were quantified by real time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results The resistance rate of imipenem and meropenem didn't prove any significant difference in the presence of efflux pump inhibitors.The X2 value of imipenem combined with CCCP and PAβN were 0.338 and 0.086,respectively(P＞0.05),while that of meropenem combined with CCCP and PAβN were 1.065 and 1.458(P＞0.05).No significant in MICs of carbapenems were seen in over half of P. aeruginesa isolates. MICs of carbapenems was significantly downregulated for 4-fold or above in eight isolates. Overexpression of efflux pumps genes were present in 24 of 27 carbapenem-resistant isolates(88. 9% ). Efflux pumps genes including MexAB-OprM, MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN were all overexpressed in 13 isolates,constituting 54. 2% of all carbapenem-resistant isolates. There were 3 isolates in which beth MexAB-OprM and MexCD-OprJ showed overexpression,constituting 12. 5%. Also,MexAB-OprM and MexEF-OprN overexpressed in 3 isolates. There were 2 isolates (8.3%) showing MexEF-OprN overexpression and MexAB-OprM alone. MexCD-OprJ didn't showed overexpression alone. Furthermore,the expression levels of efflux pumps genes mexA,mexD and mexF in isolates susceptible to both in imipenem and meropenem were 0. 48±0. 48,0. 48±0. 53 and 0. 30±0. 41,respectively,which were much lower than that in carbapenem-resistant ones (P＜0. 05 ). MexA gene was expressed at a higher level in meropenemresistant isolates than meropenem-susceptible ones (P＜0. 05 ). Conclusions When the concentration of CCCP and PAβN were 5 μg/ml and 20 μg/ml respectively,the efforts on the carhapenems resistance of P.aeruginosa were small Overexpression of MexAB-OprM might play an important role in meropenemresistance in P. aerugines. Overexpression of MexCD-OprJ and MexEF-OprN was associated with imipenemresistance. However,the relationship between them and meropenem-resistance need to be explored in the future.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the principle mechanism of the arcus plantaris and its clinical application. METHODS: The states of forces sustained by the arcus plantaris were analyzed and calculated according to the mechanism of the quadratic parabolic arch. RESULTS: The aponeurosis plantaris corresponded to the pull rod of the arcus plantaris. The medial and lateral longitudinal arches formed by the pedal bones were stable with the rod, but unstable without the rod. In the latter condition, on loading, the force sustained by the parabolic arch became a force sustained by a simple beam, and the arcus plantaris tended to disappear and to be flattened. Clinically, 240 feet with talipes equinus were treated with triple arthrodesis. In 34 out of the reexamined 156 feet, the aponeurosis plantaris was cut in addition to the triple arthrodesis and was immobilized with cast for 3 months. One or two years later, their arcus plantaris disappeared, pain developed when walking, and some of them walked with the midtarsal joint against the ground. Then, the triple arthrodesis and shortening of the aponeurosis plantaris were applied on 18 cases, and osteotomy of the calcaneus and reconstruction of the aponeurosis plantaris were made on 10 cases and satisfactory effects were obtained. CONCLUSIONS: In order to achieve satisfactory therapeutic effects of the triple arthrodesis, we should reestablish the arcus plantaris and accurately treat the aponeurosis plantaris for the balance of the surrounding muscle force.

Objective:To investigate the application effect of kangaroo mother care on anxiety and parenting stress in premature mothers during hospitalization.Methods:From January to December 2018, 230 premature mothers were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Ningxia Medical University General Hospital.They were randomly divided into the intervention group( n=114) and the control group( n=116). The premature infants in control group only implemented routine developmental support care.The premature infants in the intervention group was on the basis of routine developmental support care, 2 hours per day of kangaroo mother care was performed from the 2nd day incharge to discharge.Parental Stress Scale: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Parenting Stress Index-Short Form was performed using the 2nd day and the 14th day of hospitalization, and the two groups of premature mothers were evaluated for anxiety and parenting stress. Results:There were no significant differences in the scores of PSS: NICU((3.65±0.91) vs (3.63±0.91)) and PSI-SF((90.32±8.95) vs (90.12±7.17))(both P>0.05) between the two groups on the 2nd day of hospitalization (before intervention). On the 14th day of hospitalization (after intervention), the total scores ((2.57±0.80) vs (3.47±0.93))and each dimension scores of PSS: NICU in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group (first part (2.41±0.78) vs (3.81±0.73), second part (2.61±0.71) vs (3.14±0.83), third part (2.75±0.86) vs (3.57±1.06), fourth part(2.49±0.80) vs (3.35±0.94))( P<0.01). In addition, the total score of PSI-SF((79.09±8.02) vs (89.46±8.74)), parenting Distress((32.32±9.48) vs (37.15±9.67)), Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction((24.26±5.07) vs (27.34±5.26)), and Difficult Child scores((22.51±4.88) vs (24.97±5.05)) in the intervention group were lower than those in the control group( P<0.01). Conclusion:Kangaroo mother care can reduce the anxiety of premature mothers during hospitalization and help relieve the parenting stress of premature mothers.

Objective:To investigate the effect of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + regulatory T cell (Treg) expression levels in peripheral blood of pregnant women with premature rupture of fetal membranes(PROM) on immune function of helper T cells (Th) 1/Th2. Methods:Thirty cases of pregnant women with PROM (PROM group), 30 cases of normal pregnant women (normal pregnancy group) and 30 cases of normal non-pregnant women (non-pregnancy group) who treated in Binhai County People′s Hospital from September 2019 to May 2020 were collected. Peripheral blood of each group was collected and the proportion of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + Treg was determined by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were extracted and FoxP3 mRNA was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The levels of Th1-related cytokines interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL)-2, and Th2-related cytokines IL-10 and IL-4 were measured by Luminex liquid phase microarray. The effects of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + Tregexpression on Th1/Th2 balance were analyzed. Results:The proportion of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + Tregand the expression of FoxP3 mRNA in PROM groupand normal pregnancy group were lower than those in non-pregnancy group: (0.15 ± 0.03) %, (0.35 ± 0.09) % vs. (0.47 ± 0.11) %; 0.89 ± 0.11, 3.15 ± 0.67 vs. 3.75 ± 0.23 , the proportion of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + Treg and the expression of FoxP3 mRNA in PROM groupwere lower than those in the normal pregnancy group , and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The levels of Th1-related cytokines IFN-γ and IL-2 in PROM group and normal pregnancy group were higher than those in non-pregnancy group, the level of Th2-related cytokines IL-4 was lower than that in non-pregnancy group , the levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 in PROM group were higher than those in normal pregnancy group, the level of IL-4 was lower than that in normal pregnancy group , and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). In PROM group, the proportion of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + Treg and the expression of FoxP3 mRNA in peripheral blood were negatively correlated with Th1-related cytokines IFN-γ ( r = - 0.413, -0.451, P<0.05) and IL-22 ( r = -0.645, -0.535, P<0.05), and were positively correlated with Th2-related cytokines IL-4 ( r = 0.558, 0.469, P<0.05). Conclusions:The proportion of CD 8+ CD 25+ FoxP3 + Treg in peripheral blood of pregnant women with PROM is lower, and the expression level of related FoxP3 mRNA is lower, which all affecte the Th1/Th2 immune balance and cause Th1 immune drift, which may be the related immune mechanism of PROM.

Objective To evaluate circulating tumor cells (CTC) in prognosis prediction of gastric cancer.Method Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 65 patients with gastric cancer and 20 normal volunteers.CTC were detected by using CellSearch(R) CTC Detecting System.Postoperative progress-free survival (PFIS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated against CTC status and clinicopathological factors.Result CTC were positive in 35 out of 65 (53％) patients compared to 1 out of 20 (5％) healthy controls,P ＜ 0.05.CTC were not statistically corelated with patients' age,sex and lymph node status or distal metastasis,vascular invasion and tumor markers (all P ＞ 0.05).CTC positive patients had poorer OS (P ＜ 0.05) and PFS (P ＜ 0.05) compared with those with negative CTC.Conclusion Positive CTC in gastric cancer patients predict poor prognosis after radical gastrectomy.

Objective:To explore the value of video-electroencephalography (VEEG) combined with amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) in evaluating the condition and prognosis of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia brain injuries.Methods:A total of 120 children with hyperbilirubinemia treatedin the Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture from July 2019 to July 2020 were enrolled. According to MRI with or without T 1 weighted imging (T 1WI) hyperintensity changes in the globus pallidus, they were divided into the brain injury group (52 cases) and the normal group(68 cases). According to the severity of brain injury, the brain injury group was divided into bilirubin encephalopathy group (23 cases) and subclinical bilirubin brain injury group (29 cases). According to the scores of Gesell Development Scale, the brain injury group was divided into good prognosis group (37 cases)and poor prognosis group (15 cases). The diagnostic value in brain injury with hyperbilirubinemia, the evaluation of the severity of brain injury and the predictive value of VEEG and aEEG were analyzed. Results:The abnormal rates of VEEG and aEEG in the brain injury group were higher than those in the normal group: 76.92% (40/52) vs. 8.82% (6/68), 80.77% (42/52) vs. 11.76% (8/68), the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 57.81 and 57.73, P<0.01). The abnormal rates of VEEG and aEEG in bilirubin encephalopathy group were higher than those in subclinical bilirubin brain injury group: 91.30% (21/23) vs. 65.52% (19/29), 95.65% (22/23) vs. 68.97% (20/29), the differences were statistically significant ( χ2 = 4.80 and 5.88, P<0.05). There was no significant difference in abnormal rates of VEEG and aEEG between the good prognosis group and poor prognosis group ( P>0.05). The results of operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the areas under the curve of VEEG combined with aEEG in the diagnosis of brain injury with hyperbilirubinemia, evaluation of the severity of brain injury, predicting the prognosis of children were higher than those of each examination method used alone ( P<0.05). Conclusions:VEEG combined with aEEG has diagnostic value for neonatal brain injury with hyperbilirubinemia, and has evaluation value for severity and prognosis of the disease.