BACKGROUND: Exercise can enhance the sensitivity and action effects of insulin. Its effects on insulin are closely related to skeletal muscle cell insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS-2)-mediated function.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different densities of exercise on ISR-2 protein content and tyrosine phohorylation in diabetes mellitus rat skeletal muscle cells.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at the Laboratory of Physical Education institute of Liaoning Normal University between April and June 2008.MATERIALS: A total of 60 healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 6 groups, with 10 rats per group: normal control, diabetes mellitus control, exercise intensity 15, 20, 25, and 30 m/min.METHODS: Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by an intraperioneal injection of streptozocin in all groups except for the normal control group, in which, the same amount of citrate buffer solution was given. Diabetes mellitus rats were daily forced to do 50-minute exercise at an intensity of 15, 20, 25, or 30 m/min, 6 days a week, for a total of 6 weeks. Exercise was not given in the normal control and diabetes mellitus control groups. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: IRS-2 protein content and tyrosine phosphorylation in the rat skeletal muscle cells were examined by Western blot analysis.RESULTS: Compared with diabetes mellitus control group, IRS-2 content increased by 17%, 24.4%, 23.4%, and 21.3% in the 15, 20, 25, and 30 m/min groups accordingly (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and tyrosine phosphorytation of IRS-2 protein was enhanced by 34.7%, 37.2%, 40.2%, and 38.8% in these four groups (P<0.01), But the IRS-2 protein content and its tyrosine phosphorylation did not recover to levels of normal control group. There was no statistical significance in IRS-2 protein expression and tyrosine phosphorylation among exercise intensity 15, 20, 25, and 30 m/min groups.CONCLUSION: Under different intensities of exercise, IRS-2 protein content increases, in particular over 20 m/min, while the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-2 protein in skeletal muscle in diabetes mellitus rats is not affected.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested living high-training low (HiLt) is effective in 4-6 weeks. We know little about the acclimatization time of mitochondria and activities of enzyme complexes during the process of HiLo. OBJECTIVE: Using rat models under simulated HiLt condition, to observe the dynamic changes in mitochondrial respiration and activities of enzyme complexes during the process of HiLt under hypoxia, so as to investigate the acclimatization time of mitochondria and enzyme complexes of respiratory chain needed during HiLo. DESIGN: Grouping and controlled animal trial. SETTING: Exercise Physiology Laboratory of Physical Education Institute of Liaoning Normal University. MATERIALS: Forty healthy adult SD rats, either male or female, were provided by the Animal Experimental Center.of Dalian Medical University. The animal procedure was accorded with the animal ethics. The hypoxia partial pressure machine (HTS) was from Hypoxico Company of America, and Oxygen partial pressure monitor was TOXIBLAEPGM-36 from America. METHODS: After 1 week of adaptive feeding, the rats were randomly divided into normoxic control group, HiLo 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks groups with 8 rats in each group. HiLt groups lived at 2 500 m (O2 content was around 15.4%) and swam at 1 300 m (O2 content was around 19.4%), 1 hour once for 4 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ in the respiratory chain of mitochondria were measured using UV-spectrophotometer, and the method of Bradford was used to quantify protein of mitochondria. RESULTS: The activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ of respiratory chain reduced significantly compared with control group in the first week (P < 0.05-0.01); the activities of enzyme complexes Ⅲ recovered completely in the second week, which was not significantly different from the control group (P > 0.05). The activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ recovered completely in third week compared with the control group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in protein quantity of mitochondria between HiLo 1 and 2 weeks groups and control group (P > 0.05), but significant differences were found between HiLo 3 and 4 weeks groups and control group (P < 0.05) CONCLUSION: The acclimatization of the activities of enzyme complexes Ⅰ-Ⅳ in the respiratory chain will complete in three weeks in rats during the process of HiLo.

Objective To observe the clinical significance of myocardial enzymes change of patients with severe pneumonia in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods 60 patients with severe pneumonia ( severe pneumonia group) and 58 patients with ordinary pneumonia( pneumonia group) were studied,and 60 healthy subjects were studied as normal control group. The CK-MB,CK,HBDH and AST levels of the research objects were analyzed by automatic chemistry analyzer. Results The enzyme indicators of severe pneumonia group were higher than the pneumonia group and normal control group, compared with the pneumonia group and normal control group, the differences were significant( all P ＜ 0. 05 ); The enzyme indicators of the pneumonia group compared with normal control group the difference was not significant(P ＞ 0. 05). The effective rate of severe pneumonia was 96.7% ,ineffective 2 cases died in the treatment. The effective rate of pneumonia group was 100.0% ,and no deaths occurred. Conclusion There was myocardial damage in patients with severe pneumonia,myocardial enzyme could be used as a valuable indicator for diagnosis, observing tendency, and predicting prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia in ICU.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of ascending-descending acupuncture method regulation of the spleen and stomach in treating spleen deficiency-type diarrhea in irritable bowel syndrome and its effect on serum vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) levels. Methods Sixty irritable bowel syndrome patients with spleen deficiency-type diarrhea were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 30 cases each. The treatment group received ascending-descending acupuncture method regulation of the spleen and stomach and the control group, oral administration of pinaverium bromide. The symptom of diarrhea was scored and the vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents of serum were measured in the two groups before and after four weeks of treatment. Results There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the diarrhea symptom score and serum vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents between the treatment and control groups (P＜0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the diarrhea symptom score and serum vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents in the two groups (P＜0.05). Conclusion Ascending-descending acupuncture method regulation of the spleen and stomach is an effective way to treat spleen deficiency-type diarrhea in irritable bowel syndrome. It can effectively regulate the vasoactive intestinal peptide and 5-hydroxytryptamine contents of serum in the patients.

0.05), but significant differences were found between HiLo 3 and 4 weeks groups and control group (P

Analysis of regular elements in promoter region is the base for elucidating the mechanism of gene transcription initiation.The TATA and the TATA-less promoters of plant RNA polymerase Ⅱ gene are chosen from the PlanPromDB.The GC bias,position structure conservation,nucleotide content and conservative motifs of sequences,position distribution of TATA box and conservation of correlation position are analyzed.Many specific regulars for the two types of promoters are found.These features can offer some help for revealing the transcription regulation of plant gene.A new prediction algorithm based on position-correlation weight matrix(PCWM) is proposed.The better discrimination results for two sort plant promoters are obtained by using score function.It is confirmed that the performance of position-correlation weight matrix(PCWM) is superior to single-base position weight matrix(PWM).

Objective:To explore of the medical and economic coordination development in provincial regions of China and its spatial-temporal evolution so as to provide new thought for researching the relationship between medical and economic growth.Methods:Based on physics concept and retated research,coordination development model was built to analyze the medical and economic coordination development in provincial regions of China.The exploratory spatial data analysis was used to analyze its spatial-temporal evolution.Results:There were certain progresses on medical and economic coordination development in provincial regions of China.Transition class regions were in the majority,while coordinated and unbalanced class regions were in the minority.The medical and economic coordination development degrees were agglomerated spatially.Both high and low values of medical and economic coordination development degrees are agglomerated obviously.Hot and sub-hot regions were mainly distributed in eastern and central China,while cold and sub-cold regions were mainly distributed in western China.Conclusion:Coordination development model could be applied for researching the medical and economic coordination development in provincial regions of China which provided new basis for further research on the relationship between medical and economic growth.

Objective To observe the effect of glutathione on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats .Methods Fifty-four SD rats in good conditions were divided into three groups at random:control group ,BLM group,glutathione(GSH) group.On experimental day(day 0),the rats were intratracheally instilled with bleomycin(5mg?kg -1 .body weight),and then treated with intraperitoneal injection of glutathione .On days 7,14,28 after instillation ,six rats of each group were sacrified respectively and the lungs were harvested for histopathological examination and determinations of GSH and hydroxyproline(HYP).Results Pathological findings of GSH group were the same as BLM group,but compared with BLM group,pathomorphologic changes in GSH group was a small extent.The content of GSH in lung tissue was increased significantly(P0 05).Conclusions Glutathione has anti-oxidation and may protect lung tissue free from oxidation injury, but it has no protecting effect on collagen deposition caused by bleomycin.

Objective To observe the change of C-reactive protein (CRP), Interleukin-6(IL-6) plasma levels before and after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) in angina pectoris patients to evaluate the relationships between the severity of coronary lesions, CRP and IL-6. Methods 36 patients diagnosed as angina pectoris by coronary angiography received PCI and 15 healthy subjects served as the control. Peripheral blood samples were taken before and after PCI, the serum levels of CRP and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The relationships between serum CRP,IL-6 and the severity of coronary lesions were analyzed. Results The mean levels of serum CRP and IL-6 in the patients were higher than those in the control(P

The feasibility and steps of the designing experiments performed by college students in preventive medical speciality were explored in this study,which showed that the designing experiments played an important role in developing students' creativity and their abilities to practice.This kind of experiment is worth extending.