AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of amoxicillin/sulbactam in the treatment of bacterial infections METHODS:Fifty-six patients were divided into two groups:amoxicillin/sulbactam group(30 patients) and ampicillin/sulbactam group(26 patients) The test and control groups received amoxicillin/sulbactam and ampicillin/sulbactam 3g,iv,q8h for (8?2)d,respectively RESULTS:The overall effective rates of amoxicillin/sulbactam and ampicillin/sulbactam were 93% and 73%,the bacterial clearance rates were 92% and 83% and the ADRs were 6% and 11%,respectively CONCLUSION:Amoxicillin/sulbactam is a safe and potent antibacterial agent in the treatment of the bacterial infections

Objective To investigate the histologic characteristics of small -size prostatic hyperplasia (SBPH)and the effect on low urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).Methods 154 patients with SBPH who received transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) were enrolled,preoperative examinations included the obtainment of International Prostate Symptom Score(IPSS),evaluation of the quality of life(QOL),cases of urinary retention,ultra-sonography,urodynamic examination,and cystoscopy,postoperative pathology specimen analysis was conducted.The histologic characteristics of small -size prostatic hyperplasia(the histology prostatis and the grade of inflammation) and the effect on LUTS were analyzed.Results A total of 141 cases (91.56%)were diagnosed as SBPH with histo-logical prostatitis,13 cases(8.44%)in grade 0,18 cases(11.69%)in grade 1,76 cases(49.35%)in grade 2 and 47 cases(30.52%)in grade 3.There were statistically significant differences among ages,IPSS,QOL,Qmax,cases of urinary retention between the pure SBPH group and SBPH with HP group(t/χ2 =2.610,6.607,4.925,2.673, 4.421,all P <0.05),while there was no statistically significant difference in PV(t =1.652,P >0.05).Conclusion The main pathologic type is stroma hyperplasia(fibrous and smooth muscle)of SBPH,SBPH is mostly complicated with histological prostatitis,which are mostly moderate and severe.The severity of LUTS is positively correlated with the grade of inflammation.

Objective To analyse the encoding gene of ? lactamase of the clinically isolated Klebsiela pneumoniae 99 799 and to identify its subtype. Methods The gene of ? lactamase derived from a stain of Klebsiela pneumoniae 99 799 named as was amplified by PCR. The purified PCR product was cloned into pUCm T vector and sequenced by Sanger's dideoxy chain termination composition method. Results The encoded gene of the bacterium was identified as TEM by PCR. It had the same sequence as the gene encoding TEM 1 and positioned at the 150 bp and 80 bp plasmids. Conclusion The TEM 1 ? lactamase exists in Chongqing area.

Objective To verify the presence and location of the NLS-RARex protein in the peripheral blood tumor cells of patients with acute promyeolic leukemia (APL). Methods Western blotting analysis was used to identify the NE enzyme in the peripheral blood tumor cells of APL patients. The nucleoprotein in tumor cells was prepared and NLS-RARex protein was detected by Western blotting analysis. The expression and location of NLS-RARex protein in peripheral blood tumor cells of APL patients were examined by FITC/DAPI double immunofluorescence staining and FITC/PI double staining laser confocal microscopy. The expression and location of NLS-RARex protein in NB4 cells infected with recombinant adenovirus Ad-NE was used as positive control and those of wildtype RARex in the neutrophils of healthy controls were taken as negative control. Results Positive control was successfully established. NE enzyme and NLS-RARex protein were expressed in peripheral blood tumor cells of APL patients. Immunofluorescence and laser confocal findings indicated that NL&RARex protein was mainly located at the nuclei of peripheral blood tumors cells in APL patients. Conclusion NLS-RARex protein has been successfully detected by 3 different methods in the peripheral blood tumor cells of APL patients and its intracellular location has also been proposed, which can contribute to the early diagnosis and recurrence monitoring of APL.

Objective:To explore the mechanism by which SRY-related high mobility group-box 9 (SOX9) promotes the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) A549 cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Methods: The human NSCLCA549 cell line was divided into three groups: OE-NC group, OE-SOX9 group and OE-SOX9+XAV-939 group. The cells in OESOX9 group were transfected with SOX9 pcDNA plasmid to up-regulate the expression level of SOX9; The cells in OE-SOX9+XAV939 group were transfected with SOX9 pcDNA plasmid while the β-catenin inhibitor XAV-939 (1.0 μmol/L) was added to the medium. qPCR was used to detect SOX9 mRNA levels; CCK-8 was used to examine the proliferation of A549 cells; Wound-healing assay and Transwell chamber assay were used to detect the migration and invasion ofA549 cells, respectively; and WB was used to detect protein expressions of SOX9, β-catenin, E-cadherin, γ-catenin, N-cadherin and vimentin. Results: The mRNA and protein levels of SOX9 in OE-SOX9 group and OE-SOX9+XAV-939 group were significantly higher than those in the OE-NC group after transfection (all P< 0.05), while there was no significant difference between the OE-SOX9 group and the OE-SOX9+XAV-939 group (P>0.05). The proliferation, migration and invasion of cells in OE-SOX9 group were significantly higher than those in OE-NC group; however, those abilities in OE-SOX9+XAV-939 group were significantly lower than those in OE-SOX9 group (all P<0.05). The level of β-catenin protein in OE-SOX9 group was significantly higher than that in the OE-NC group, while the level of β-catenin protein in OE-SOX9+XAV-939 group was lower than that in OE-SOX9 group (all P<0.05). Compared with the OE-NC group, the levels of phenotypic markers of epithelial cells, E-cadherin and γ-catenin, were down-regulated, and the phenotypic markers of mesenchymal cells, N-cadherin and vimentin, were up-regulated in cells of OE-SOX9 group; however, E-cadherin and γ-catenin were higher, and N-cadherin and vimentin were lower in OE-SOX9+XAV-939 group than those in OE-SOX9 group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: SOX9 could promote proliferation, migration and EMT of NSCLCA549 cells by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. ··

Objective To investigate the correlation between activation of toll-like receptors 3 (TLR3) signaling pathway and tumor-associated macrophage and its effect on the tumor growth. Methods The mice Lewis lung cancer cell lines 3LL and melanoma B16H10 were used to construct the subcutaneous transplantation tumor models and then they were treated with Poly-ICLC. The curative effect was observed and then the T cell and macrophage phenotypes infiltrated in local tumor were detected by flow cytometry. After the in vitro culture of mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage, the real-time PCR and western blot were applied to detect the expression of macrophage activation markers and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. Results The survival time of mice with brown tumor treated with Poly-ICLC significantly increased and the tumor growth was inhibited. The ratio of local tumor-infiltrated Treg decreased, while the ratio of CD8

Objective: To investigate the effect of massive open online course (MOOC) combined with traditional teaching in the teaching of pediatrics. Methods: A total of 153 students in batch 2014 of five-year general medicine in Chongqing Medical University were enrolled as teaching reform group, and 132 students in batch 2013 were enrolled as control group. The teaching reform group adopted the teaching method of MOOC combined with traditional teaching, while the control group adopted traditional teaching alone. The teaching quality was assessed by examination performance and questionnaire survey. Results: The teaching reform group had significantly higher mean examination scores than the control group (P<0.05). The questionnaire survey showed that compared with the control group, the teaching reform group had a better teaching effect and fewer learning questions. Among the 153 students in the teaching reform group, 112(73.2%) approved the fragmented learning mode of MOOC, 79 (51.6%) believed that MOOC could enhance learning efficiency, 103 (67.3%) thought that it could guide self-study and improve learning abilities, 113(73.9%) thought they could manage learning progress by themselves through MOOC, and 99 (64.7%) held the opinion that MOOC could realize the sharing of high-quality educational resources; there were significant differences in these issues between the two groups (P<0.05). Among the 153 students in the teaching reform group, 133 (86.9%) preferred the combined teaching method of MOOC and traditional teaching and were willing to participate in MOOC again. Conclusion MOOC combined with traditional teaching in the teaching of pediatrics can improve teaching quality and is a recommended teaching method at present. It is worthy of further research and perfection.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the electrocardiogram manifestations and clinical characteristics of patients with the de Winter electrocardiogram pattern. METHODS: This retrospective study was performed on acute coronary syndrome (ACS), patients with culprit lesion in left anterior descending branch (LAD), who admitted to Yongchuan Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August 2017 to October 2018. Patients were categorized into those with or without the de Winter electrocardiogram pattern. The characteristics of de Winter electrocardiogram were analyzed by the clinical data of the patients. RESULTS: Among 230 patients with left anterior descending branch lesion, 14 (6%) had the de Winter electrocardiogram pattern. Compared with the control group, patients with de Winter electrocardiogram pattern were younger [(53.86±10.26) years old vs (67.20± 11.60) years old CONCLUSIONS The de Winter electrocardiogram pattern syndrome in patients with acute chest pain mostly indicates that the left anterior descending or the diagonal branch is subtotal or completely occluded, which is a special ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction equivalent and should attract the clinicians' extensive attention.
Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis* ; Adult ; Aged ; Coronary Angiography ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Objective To investigate the relationship between tumor invasion and changes of mRNA expression of MMP-2, TIMP-2 and CD147 in human pituitary adenoma. Methods 60 patients with pituitary adenoma were devided into two groups, invasive and non-invasive group, by MRI. The expression level of MMP-2,TIMP-2 and CD147 in the samples of pituitary adenoma was measured by semiquantitative reverse transcriptasepolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Pearson analysis was used to reveal the correlation between the expression of each marker. Results The mRNA expression level of MMP-2 and CD147 was significantly higher in invasive pituitary adenoma group than that in non-invasive group (P ＜ 0. 01 ) while the mRNA expression level of TIMP-2was lower in invasive pituitary adenoma group than that in non-invasive group (P ＜0.01 ). According to Pearson analysis, the mRNA expression of MMP-2 was positively correlated with CD147 in invasive pituitary adenoma (r=0. 69, P ＜ 0. 05 ), and M MP-2 was negatively correlated with TIMP-2 in non-invasive pituitary adenoma (r =-0.68, P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions The invasion of human pituitary adenoma are closely related to the low expression level of TIMP-2 as well as the high expression level of MMP-2 and CD147. MMP-2, TIMP-2 and CD147 can be used as indicators of tumor invasion of human pituitary adenoma.

Objective To detect the effects of 17 β-estradiol(E2)on the expression of Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) in pituitary GH3 cells,and to investigate the antagonistic effect of a selective estrogen receptor antagonist,ⅡCI 182780 on CaBP-9k expression.Methods A rat pituitary prolactinoma cell line,GH3 cell was used as the in vitro model.The localization of CaBP-9k in GH3 cells was observed by immunofluorescence.GH3 cells were cultured with exogenous E2-added medium for 24 hours,and the concentrations of E2 were 10-8,10-9,10-10M,respectively.mRNA and protein expression levels of CaBP-9k in different groups were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis.The estrogen receptor antagonist,and ⅡCI 182780 was added to GH3 cells before E2 administration (10-8M)with the concentration of 10-6M,in order to investigate the regulation of ER-mediated pathway on the expression of CaBP-9k.Immunoprecipitation was used to detect the interaction between CaBP-9k and ERα.Results E2 had significant stimulatory effect on the CaBP-9k expression of GH3 cells in a dose dependent manner,and the expression level of CaBP-9k was higher when treated with a higher concentration of E2.ⅡCI 182780 could suppress the stimulatory effect of E2 on the CaBP-9k expression of GH3 cells.The expression level of CaBP-9k was significantly reduced by coadministration of E2 with ⅡCI 182780 in GH3 cells,which meant the CaBP-9k expression was mediated through ERα pathway.The immunoprecipitation results further illustrated the fact that CaBP-9k could directly interact with ERα,and E2 could increase the interaction between CaBP-9k and ERα.Conclusion Estrogen might induce CaBP-9k expression via ERα mediated pathway and CaBP-9k could directly combine with ERα,suggesting that CaBP-9k might be involved in the biological effects mediated by ER pathway in GH3 cells.