Objective To explore the general characteristics of the psychological sub-health state and to analyze the factors pos-sibly leading to the psychological sub-health state in order to provide the scientific basis for the treatment and prevention of the psy-chological sub-health state .Methods The individuals with the physical examination in our hospital were performed the psychologi-cal heath survey .Among them ,1 712 cases of psychological sub-health were taken as the research group and contemporaneous 1 902 cases of normal health were taken as the control group .The Symptom Check List-90(SCL-90) was adopted to compare the two groups and the logistic regression analysis was adopted to analyze the risk factors possibly leading to the psychological sub-health occurrence .Results The average scores of 20 factors in SCL-90 in the research group were higher than those in the control group , the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) ,in which ,the scores of interpersonal relationship sensitivity (22 .1 ± 5 .7) ,para-noid(14 .1 ± 5 .2) and the others(17 .5 ± 6 .3) in the research group were significantly higher than the critical scores with obvious symptoms .The logistic regression analysis results showed that :the sleep quality(OR=1 .843) ,accidental injury(OR=2 .634) ,eco-nomical status(OR=3 .032 ,and professional type(OR=4 .684) were the independent risk factors of the psychological sub-health occurrence .Conclusion The local patients with psychological sub-health were more prominent in the more sensitivity of the inter-personal relationship ,paranoid and poor sleep ,especially the intellectuals ,individuals with poor sleep and the crowd with accidental injury are prone to develop psychological sub-health .

ObjectiveTo explore the influence of the cigarette smoke in the airway inflammation and pulmonary function of the asthmatic patients. MethodsTwenty-five cases of asthmatic patients with cigarette smoke exposure, 22 cases of asthmatic patients without cigarette smoke exposure and 20 cases of normal control persons were involved in this study. The proportion of various inflammatory cells in the induced sputum, the levels of serum interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-4 and lung function (FEV1％ expected value,FEV1/ＦVC％ ) were detected. ResultsThe infiltrating of neutrophils was primarily found in sputum of the asthmatic patients with cigarette smoke exposure, but the infiltrating of eosinophils was mainly in sputum of the asthmatic patients without cigarette smoke exposure. The levels of serum IL-8 and IL-4 of peripheral blood of asthmatic patients with cigarette smoke exposure[(277.02 ±71.37), (171.69 ±31.01) ng/L] were significantly higher than those in asthmatic patients without cigarette smoke exposure[(158.88 ± 21.95 ),( 111.42 ± 21.69 ) ng/L] and normal control persons [( 116.78 ± 71.37 ), (73.94 ± 15.72 ) ng/L] (P ＜ 0.01 ).The FEV1％ expected value and FEV1/FVC％ of the asthmatic patients with cigarette smoke exposure [(51.12 ± 13.30) ％, ( 49.16 ± 11.09 )％] was lower than those of asthmatic patients without cigarette smokeexposure [(81.81 ± 5.82)％, (79.00 ± 3.86)％] and normal control persona [(95.50 ± 10.11 )％, (83.18 ±6.04)％] (P ＜ 0.01 ). The level of serum IL-8 was positively correlated to the neutrophils percentage in the induced sputum (r =0.742,P＜ 0.01 ) ,while negatively correlated to the FEV1％ expected value(r =-0.739,P ＜ 0.01 ). ConclusionCigarette smoke may influence the airway inflammation of the asthmatic patients and accelerate the deterioration of their lung function by promoting the producing of IL-8.

Objective To explore the mechanism of protective effect of liposome carried prostaglandin E 1 (PGE 1) on rat skin flap ischemia / reperfusin(I/R). Methods Island flaps of abdomen of adult SD rats were established for ischmia reperfusion injury models. Weighting, immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were employed. Results It was found that treatment with liposome carried PGE 1 significantly alleviated I/R induced muscular edema, attenuated neutrophil accumulation in the I/R tissue ( P

Objiective To provide the applied anatomy for the eyebrow lifting plasty. Methods The clinical surgical anatomy of the eyebrow region were studied bilaterally in 15 embalmed cadaveric heads and 9 fresh adult cadaveric heads. The cross sections of 2 embalmed cadaveric heads were observed. Results ⑴ A lot of fibrous tissue origined from the dermis of eyebrow attached to the SMAS. The eyebrow was moved by those fibrous tissue when the frontalis contracted. ⑵ The eyebrow was moved on the loosen layer under the SMAS. Conclusions ⑴ The loosen layer under the SMAS is the anatomic basis of eyebrow movement. ⑵ The basic methods of eyebrow lifting are the skin excision or suspension and restoration of the eyebrow.

Objective To determine the mechanism underlying the mandibular angle enlargement and to provide a morphological basis for correcting the enlarged mandibular angle. Methods By axial computed tomography, it is possible to measure the width and length of the masseter and the medial pterygoid, the gonial angle, and the vertical height of the posterior mandible. The date were initially analysed by using a simple correctionials and indpendent sample T test. Results The distance between two Go points and gonial angle were significantly related with the thickness of masseter muscle, but the thickness of the medial pterygoid was on the contrary. There was significant differences between the group of prominence and the normal control in the gonial angle, the distance between two Go points and thickness of masseter . But there was no difference between the the two groups in the thickness of medial pterygoid. Conclusion The thickness of the masseter muscle is an important factor that affects the lower facial morphology. The hypertrophy of masserter muscle may cause the mandibular angle enlargement.

Objective Short-segment pedicle instrumentation for thoracolumbar burst fracture was known to have a relatively high incidence of failure and correction loss, intracorporeal gap secondary to reduction being probable causes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intracorporeal gap after reduction and the biomechanical effect of vertebroplasty on thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods Six fresh adult thoracolumbar specimens were collected, and 10 segmental specimens (T11-L1, L2-L4, T12-L2) were processed. Burst fracture was created using free-drop test. Then the fractures were reduced and augmented with injectable self-setting calcium phosphate cement. The intracorporeal gap and bone mineral density(BMD) were measured using spiral CT and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA) before fracture, after reduction and after vertebroplasty respectively. The stiffness in middle vertebrae and above discs were measured under flexion, extension, lateral flexion and torsion stress before fracture and after augmentation. The ultimate strength against compression was tested in the augmented vertebrae and the integral vertebrae below it. Results Burst fractures were created in eight of ten specimens. 1) There was no evident intracorporeal gap before fracture, which appeared after reduction with average volume of 5.25 cm3 (13.9% of total corporal volume), and it decreased to normal level after vertebroplasty. 2) The BMD was normal in all specimens before fracture, which decreased significantly after fracture reduction, and it was significantly higher after vertebroplasty than that before fracture or after reduction. 3) There was no significant difference of stiffness in vertebrae before fractures and after augmentation. The mean value of ultimate strength against compression in the augmented vertebrae decreased slightly but not significantly in contrast to the vertebrae below it. In contrast to the value before fracture, the stiffness of above discs decreased significantly under flexion and extension stress but not significantly under lateral flexion stress after augmentation, while the stiffness of the specimen decreased significantly under torsion stress. Conclusion 1) Posterior reduction in thoracolumbar burst fracture can not reestablish intact corporeal structure, which may be an important cause of postoperative implant failure and correction loss. 2) Vertebroplasty with injectable self-setting calcium phosphate cement is helpful to reestablish intact corporeal structure, and restore stiffness and strength of the injured corpora nearly to its initial value.

Objective To investigate the clinical results of percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) for symptomatic vertebral hemangioma. Methods Eleven patients(2 males and 9 females) suffered from symptomatic vertebral hemangioma(11 thoracic segment levels and 3 lumbar segment levels) were treated with PVP under DSA or CT guidance. The main goal of this procedure was to relieve hemangioma related pain. All patients were examined with CT scan after intervention and were followed up from 3 to 34 months (average, 15.2 months). Results The procedure was technically successful in all patients, with an average injection amount of 6.3 ml cement per vertebral body. No clinically significant complications were found. There was no epidural leakage, and the 2 paravertebral leakages detected with CT had no clinical importance. Partial or complete pain relief was achieved in all patients associated with improved mobility, and 1 patient experienced transitory worsening of pain followed by significant pain relief. Patients were discharged in 1-4 days (average, 1.5 days) after the procedure. Pain relief was sustained in all patients at the last following-up. Conclusion PVP is a valuable minimal invasive alternative procedure in treatment of symptomatic vertebral hemangioma and provides satisfactory pain relief with less complications.

Objective To analyze the clinical results of percutaneous vertebr oplasty (PVP) for osteolytic spinal tumor. Methods Forty patients with osteolyt ic vertebral metastases or myeloma were selected from Feb. 2000 to Jun. 2003 to undergo percutaneous vertebroplasty. All patients complained of back pain. Among them, 6 cases had radiculopathy, and 1 had paraplegia. Based on CT or MR scanni ng, the posterior vertebral wall was involved in 21 cases. 42 PVP was performed on 59 segment levels under fluoroscopic or CT guidance, including 1 at cervical spine, 29 at thoracic spine, 27 at lumbar spine and 2 at sacrum, and biopsy was performed in 28 cases simultaneously. CT scanning was conducted after interventi on to assess the lesion filling and cement leakage, and all patients were asked to remain lying on bed for 4 hours prior to axial loading. In combination with P VP, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, medicament were administered before or after the intervention. Results The procedure was technically successful in all patients with an average injection amount of 6.5 ml cement per vertebral body. Partial or complete pain relief was achieved in 39 cases, associated with improved mobilit y in 38 cases, the symptoms of patients with radiculopathy and paraplegia were u nchanged. Two cases with severe multiple vertebral destruction underwent PVP at one segment, neither of them experienced improved mobility. In one case, the sev erity of pain was unchanged, while the other experienced partial pain relief for 48 hours. Leakages were detected with CT at 21 levels of 17 cases. 2 of 7 epidu ral leakage produced transitory radicular pain, which were relieved in 6 h and 8 h respectively. 2 with intervertebral foraminal venous leakage, 8 with paravert ebral leakage, and 6 with intra-disc leakage had no clinical symptoms. 37 cases were followed up from 2 to 32 months (average, 8.5 months). Exclusive of poor re sults in 2 patients, pain relief was sustained in 29 cases, and 6 patients exper ienced relapse of pain following partial pain relief, which was related to the d eterioration of tumors. Conclusion PVP of osteolytic spinal tumors is a minimal invasive procedure that provides immediate and stable pain relief with improved mobility. It can be combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of nicotine on the expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines and transcription factor T-bet/GATA-3 in cultured CD4+ T of rat sensitized by ovalbumin.Methods Two weeks after immunization by ovalbumin,splenic CD4+ T cells of Wistar rat were purified using CD4+T cell enrichment kit.Purified CD4+ T cells of rat were cultured and divided into 4 groups:a control group,1 μg/ml nicotine stimulated group,10 μg/ml nicotine stimulated group,100 μg/ml nicotine stimulated group.These cells,in their groups,were stimulated with or without nicotine and were all challenged simultaneously with OVA.Supernatants and cell pellets were harvested after being stimulated for 24 h.The concentration of IFN-γ and IL-4 in supernatants were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of T-bet and GATA-3 in CD4+T cells.Results ( 1 ) IFN-γproduction was significantly decreased in all nicotine treated groups [ ( 113.78±6.06) ng/L,(70.31±7.26) ng/L,(20.00±2.14) ng/L] compared with the control group[ (142.30± 5.89) ng/L],and the level of IL-4 was significantly increased in all nicotine treated groups [ (69.49±3.91) ng/L,(93.63±4.56) ng/L,(50.97±3.07) ng/L] compared with the control group[ (36.91±3.24) ng/L].(2) Expression of T-bet mRNA in all nicotine treated groups(0.73±0.03,0.57±0.04,0.31 ±0.00) was lower than that in the control group(0.98±0.09),but expression of GATA-3 mRNA in all nicotine treated groups (4.31±0.26,5.16±0.23,1.56±0.14) was significantly higher than that in the control group(1.00±0.07).Conclusion Nicotine may play a key role in the development of Th2-type allergic inflammation in asthma by promoting over-expression of GATA-3 mRNA and downregulating the expression of T-bet mRNA.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the activity of Ca2+/CaN-NFATc on the activation and prolfferation of lymphocyte in asthmatic rats.Methods The rats of the asthma group and the CsA group were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin.So did the control group with saline instead.Lymphocyte was separated from spleen and cultured for 24 hours,and PHA-p (5 μg/ml) was added to the culture medium in every group,CsA ( 1.0 μg/ml) was added to the CsA group,respectively.The concentration of [ Ca2+ ] i,the activity of CaN,the protein expression of dephosphorylated NFATc and Cyclin E in T lymphocyte were assayed.The level of IL-4 and IL-2 in culture supernatants was measured,and the cell cycle distribution of lymphocyte was analyzed.ResultsWhen compared to the control group,the activity of Ca2+/CaN-NFATc [ (81.21 4-14.39) vs (63.66 ±9.02) ] was increased and the protein expression of CyclinE [ (0.9327 ±0.0370) vs (0.8374 ±0.0637) ] was higher in Lymphocyte of the asthma group ( P＜0.05,P ＜0.01,respectively).The percentage of lymphocyte in the S phase [ (7.8600±2.8241) vs (4.0270 ± 1.8650) ] and S + G2/M phase [ ( 10.6700±3.3850) vs (5.8740 ± 1.4389) ] was higher;however,the percentage of G0/G1 phase [ (89.3300 ± 3.3850) vs (94.1260± 1.4389 )] was lower in asthma group ( all P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of IL-4 [ ( 1.55 ± 0.19) pg/ml vs (0.99 ± 0.12 ) pg/ml ] and the IL-4/ IL-2 ratio [ (0.81 ±0.12) vs (0.49 ±0.49) ] in culture supernatants of the asthma group were higher than those of the control group ( all P ＜0.01 ).While the activity of Ca2+/CaN-NFATc (47.19 ±7.16)was decreased and the protein expression of Cyclin E (0.6840 ± 0.0485 ) was reduced in lymphocyte in CsA group(all P ＜0.01 ),the percentage of lymphocyte in the S phase (4.8600 ± 1.9595) and S + G2/M phase (7.9900 ± 1.9405) was decreased and the percentage of G0/G1 phase (92.2100 ± 1.9267) was increased ( all P ＜ 0.05 ),and the level of IL-4 (0.47 ± 0.09 ) pg/ml and the ratio of IL-4/ IL-2 (0.78 ±0.20) was lower in culture supernatants in the CsA group than that of the asthma group( all P ＜ 0.01 ).There was a positive correlation between the protein expression of dephosphorylated NFATc and the protein expression of CyclinE in Lymphocyte,so did between the protein expression of NFATc and the level of IL-4 in culture supernatants( r =0.711,P ＜0.01 and r =0.749,P ＜0.01.respectively).Conclusions The activity of Ca2+/CaN-NFATc was increased in lymphocyte of the asthmatic rats.Its increasing might result in the imbalance of Th1/Th2 by promoting the expression of IL-4 and might lead to the proliferation of lymphocyte by promoting the Cyclin E expression.