Objective To explore the establishment of peptide mapping database of Candida albicans ,laying the foundation for rapid diagnosis of Candida albicans infection .Methods 96 Candida albicans were collected clinically ,and its DNA was extracted . Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to amplify the ITS1-5 .8S-ITS2 gene fragments and restriction endonucleases were a-dopted to identify them .Surface enhanced laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) instrument was applied to detect the Candida albicans peptide mapping ,and Ciphergen ProteinChip software was used to collect data automati-cally .The established peptide mapping database was verified by confirmed Candida .Results According to restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis ,96 strains were confirmed as Candida albicans .15 peptide peaks were captured by SELDI-TOF-MS chips .Five peptide peaks of them with stable expression were screened out ,and the similarity analysis software was used to estab-lish peptide mapping database of Candida albicans .More than 95% of similarity was found between peptide mapping of Candida albicans and established database ,while less than 50% was found between peptide mapping of other Candida species and database . Conclusion The establishment of peptide mapping database of Candida albicans provides a theoretical basis for the rapid diagnosis of Candida albicans infection .

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the interaction effects of In-Chen-How (Artemisia capillaries Thunb.) on the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen and on liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme activity in rats. The rats were divided into control group (n=8) without In-Chen-How and the pretreated group (n=8) administered with In-Chen-How (approximately 1.0 mL·kg-1, according to weight) for 5 consecutive days. Rats in the control group received water simultaneously. Each rat was then given acetaminophen. The pharmacokinetic parameters of acetaminophen of the two groups were significantly different. In the In-Chen-How pretreated group, the maximum concentration of acetaminophen and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve were reduced about 58.4%, 56.7% and 55.4%. To further explain the results, liver microsomal suspensions were obtained from rats that were randomly divided into control and In-Chen-How pretreated group. The levels of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 in hepatic microsomal protein from pretreated group were increased as compared to that from the control group. It indicated that In-Chen-How can stimulate the activity of CYP isozymes. The changes in the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen resulting from the administration of In-Chen-How are related to an increase in metabolic activity of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To observe the changes of perilipin and adipose differentiation-related protein ( ADRP) du-ring the development of diabetes mellitus and to explore the effect of perilipin and ADRP on abnormal glucose metabolism with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD) .METHODS:The rat model of impaired glucose tolerance ( IGT) was in-duced by feeding high-fat diet, and the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) model was induced by feeding high-fat diet for 4 weeks and intraperitoneally injecting streptozotocin.The morphological change of the liver tissue was observed under optical microscope.The serum contents of perilipin and ADRP were measured by ELISA.The mRNA expression of perilipin and ADRP in the liver tissues was detected by real-time PCR.The protein expression of ADRP in the liver tissues was deter-mined by Western blotting.RESULTS:HE staining showed steatosis in the liver of the rats in IGT group was more serious than that in T2DM group.The biochemical and the pathological processes of rat models were consistent with the clinical feature of related diseases.The serum content of perilipin had no difference among various groups.The mRNA expression of perilipin in IGT group and T2DM group was significantly higher than that in control group.Compared with IGT group, the mRNA expression of perilipin in T2DM group was significantly increased.The serum content of ADRP in T2DM group was significantly lower than that in control group.The mRNA and protein expression of ADRP in model groups was signifi-cantly lower than that in control group.Compared with IGT group, the mRNA expression of ADRP in T2DM group was sig-nificantly reduced.CONCLUSION: The serum content of ADRP plays a role in the development and progression of T2DM.It is negatively correlated with HOMA-IR.NAFLD occurs during progression of abnormal glucose metabolism in-duced by feeding high-fat diet.The development of abnormal glucose metabolism with NAFLD is probably related to the in-creased expression of perilipin and the reduced expression of ADRP.

With the social development, the importance of medical records has become increasingly prominent.This paper analyzes the methods and shortcomings of the current medical record quality control and proposes a new mode under two-level randomized blind method combining with the experience of our own hospital.This new mode, through reconstructing the work team, adjusting work pattern and task allocation, supervising problems rectification, combining with experts′ supervising terminal record, inspecting link record randomly, handling dissent, evaluating connotation quality and assessing performance, effectively reduced the defect rate of medical records, improved the archiving rate and promoted the quality of medical records, which is worth promoting.

Objective To investigate nutrition status and dyspnea in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) between GOLD Ⅱ and GoLD Ⅲ, and test the evaluative validity of disease status by GOLD classification of COPD. Methods Thirty patients with clinically stable COPD were recruited, including 15 patients of GOLD Ⅱ of COPD and 15 patients of GOLD Ⅲ of COPD. Body mass index (BMI), triceps skin-fold thickness (TSF), serum albumin (Alb), and partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood (PaO2) were measured in each patient. Dyspnea was assessed by the Borg Scale (BS). Exercise stress test was taken by incremental exercise test. Results BMI was significantly lower in the patients of GOLD Ⅲ than that in the patients of GOLD Ⅱ[(19±5 ) kg/m2 vs (23±3) kg/m2,p < 0.05]. TSF was significantly reduced in the patients of GOLD Ⅲ than that in the patients of GOLD Ⅱ[ (8±3) mm vs(13±5) mm, P < 0.01]. Alia in the patients of GOLD Ⅲ was significantly decreased than that in the patients of GOLD Ⅱ [(32±7) g/L vs (36±6) g/L, P <0.05]. The difference of PaO2 between the patients of GOLD Ⅲ and the patients of GOLD Ⅱ was significant [(72±9) nun Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa ) vs (78±8) nun Hg, P < 0.01], and the significant difference of BS was found between the patients of GOLD Ⅲ and the patients of GOLD Ⅱ( 5.0±2.0) grades vs (3.0±1.0) grades, P <0.05 ]. In addition, 12 patients in the patients of GOLD Ⅱ took the exercise stress test and 8 patients were found anaerobic threshold (AT), 5 patients in the patients of GOLD Ⅲ took the exercise stress teat and no AT was found. Conclusions The parameters of BMI, TSF, Alb and PaO2 are significantly reduced in the patients of GOLD Ⅲ than those in the patients of GOLD Ⅱ. In the patients of GOLD Ⅲ, BS is higher than that in the patients of GOLD Ⅱ and AT is difficult to obtain, suggesting more severe in degree of impairment. GOLD classification of COPD reflects the disease stares and prognosis in the patients with COPD, as a valuable parameter in clinical practice.

[ABSTRACT]OBJECTIVETo investigate the morbidity rate and the epidemiological characteristics of snoring among the elderly in Yangpu District of Shanghai City.METHODSOne thousand six hundred and thirty persons(≥60 years) were investigated through questionnaires in Yangpu District of Shanghai City by a method of cluster sampling.The prevalence and risk factors of snoring were estimated. The relationship between snoring and the common clinical complications was observed by correlation factor analysis.RESULTS1630 questionnaires were provided, among which 1489 questionnaires(91.35%) were effective for evaluation.Of 1489 subjects, 213(14.3%) subjects had habitual snoring. Multivariate analysis revealed that obesity as a significant risk factor of snoring. The prevalence rate of snoring in the elderly with hypertension and poor quality of sleep was higher than that in the normal elderly.CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of snoring in the elder persons (≥60 years) in Yangpu District of Shanghai City is high. Obesity is a significant risk factor of snoring. The main clinical presentations of snoring in the elderly are atypical by the performance of poor sleep quality and the complication of hypertension.

Objective To construct mutant strains of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermi-dis (MRSE) with psm-mec gene deletion and to investigate the function of psm-mec gene.Methods The drug sensitivity test and DNA sequence analysis were performed to screen out the tetracycline and chloram -phenicol sensitive clinical strains of MRSE , whose upstream and downstream sequences of psm-mec gene were identical to those of the Staphylococcus epidermidis reference strain RP62A.The recombinant plasmid pBT2-Δpsm-mec was constructed by using the fusion PCR and a temperature sensitive shuttle plasmid .After being identified , the plasmid was transformed into the Staphylococcus aureus RN4220 strain by electropora-tion, and then transformed into the selected clinical isolates of MRSE .The mutant strains of MRSE with psm-mec deletion were screened out and identified after homologous recombination .The differences in biofilm formation between the mutant and wild-type strains were analyzed for further elucidation the relationships be-tween the psm-mec gene and biofilm formation in MRSE strains .Results Three clinical MRSE isolates for the construction of mutant strains with psm-mec gene deletion were screened out and identified by using drug sensitivity test and sequence alignment analysis .The mutants constructed via homogenous recombination were screened out and identified .Compared with the corresponding wild-type strains, the three mutants with psm-mec gene deletion showed significantly decreased ability of biofilm formation , demonstrating that the psm-mec genes strains induced the biofilm formation of MRSE .Conclusion The Δpsm-mec mutant strains were successfully constructed .The psm-mec gene played an important role in the biofilm formation of Staphy-lococcus epidermdis.

Objective To establish protein fingerprints of common bacteria in clinics and to lay a foundation for rapid identification of bacteria.Methods Strains of Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were detected by surface enhanced laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS).Stable expression protein peaks were screened and the data was input into the self-constructed Fingerwave software for identification of target bacteria by protein fingerprint comparison.Two hundred and fifty-six clinical isolates,including E.coli,K.pneumoniae,P.aeruginosa and S.aureus were detected and the data was compared with constructed database to evaluate its diagnostic value.Results The protein fingerprints including four common bacteia was used to identify the target bacteria with identification rate of 93.1％ (54/58) for E.coli,87.2％ (75/86) for K.pneumoniae,96.2％ (60/63) for P.aeruginosa and 96.2％ (51/53) for S.aureus,respectively.Conclusion Common bacteria can be rapidly identified by using the protein fingerprint comparison,which provides a powerful tool for bacterial identification.

Objective To evaluate surgical therapies in patients with popliteal aneurysms (PA).Method The clinical data of 25 PA patients admitted from January 1988 to January 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 21 men and 4 women,the mean age was (56 ± 16)years.There were 27 PA in these 25 patients,with bilateral PA in 2 cases.The main symptoms were pulsatile mass in the popliteal fossa,limb pain,acute or chronic distal limb ischemia and limb edema.Result In this series 23out of 25 PA cases recieved operations,17 of them were treated with aneurysmectomy and saphenous vein interposition or bypass grafting,4 of them were treated with aneurysmectomy and prosthetic grafts interposition,1 was treated with aneurism ligation and 1 underwent end-to-end anastomosis after aneurysm resection.There was no perioperative mortality.One patient recieved amputation for distal anastomotic thrombosis and severe limb ischemia.The mean follow-up time is (6.5 ± 0.5) years.After 4 years,a right subclavian artery aneurysm was found in a bilateral PA case and treated surgically.Conclusions Early elective surgical treatment is recommended for patients with PA because PA may go rupture or induce dital limb ischemia and these patients may have good outcome after surgical treatment.Long-term follow-up is warranted to detect the new aneurysm formation.

Objective To establish protein fingerprinting identification model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and to lay a foundation for rapid identification of P. aeruginosa by proteinchip golden array. Methods Sixty-four P. aeruginosa and one hundred and ninety-nine control bacteria identified in our laboratory were collected and divided into training and testing group. Surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) and proteinchip golden array were used to detect the protein profiling of the bacteria. Data were automatically collected by Ciphergen Proteinchip Software and protein markers of P. aeruginosa were screened by BioMarker Wizard Software. Classification tree model was developed and validated by BioMarker Patterns Software. The model was blindly tested with twenty-nine P. aeruginosa and sixty-four control bacteria. Results Eighty protein peaks were detected between 3000 and 20 000, among which fifty-eight ones showed significantly difference between P. aeruginosa and the control bacteria (P＜0.01). By BioMarker Patterns Software, one protein peak ( M/Z at 14 045.2) was chosen to develop a classification tree model. The results exhibited with sensitivity of 96. 55% and specificity of 100%. Conclusion Proteinchip golden array has the potential for rapid identification of P. aeruginosa.