0.05),but costs spent by thymosin and lamivudine combination group was much less(P

Objective To observe the morphological changes of rats' pancreas and nitric oxide (NO) and endothelin(ET) in the blood serum in rats after exposure to different pulses of high power pulse microwave (HPPMW).Methods SD-rats were irradiated with 104,105 and 4 × 105 pulses of HPPMW,respectively.After gloss observation,the histopathological changes of pancreas were observed through biological microscope and electroscope.The changes of amylase,nitric oxide and endothelin in blood serum were detected by biochemical and radio-immunological methods. Results Compared with the blank control,no apparent abnormality could be observed in the pancreas of all groups.The dilatation of capillary could be observed in each experimental group by microscope.The ultrastructure changes of pancreas were most serious in 4 × 105 pulse group,especially at 24 and 48 h after irradiation.Compared with the control group,the levels of serum amylase were decreased (F =12.58,11.73,P ＜ 0.05),while ET were increased (F =4.50,4.49,P ＜0.05) at 24 and 48 h after irradiation.The levels of NO in serum were increased ( F =17.51,41.72,19.98,32.64,P ＜ 0.05 ) at each time-point.The level of NO went up with the increase of pulses.Conclusions HPPMW has damage effects on the pancreas in rats.The pulses with the pancreas can lead to severity of the damage. The mechanism of HPPMW may be involved in the enhancement of ET and NO in serum.

Objective To examine the effect of oral external suction on environmental pollution of microorganism in dental clinic.Methods Aerobe was counted na observation index of air contamination and air sample of the area leveal 1m and 2.5 m,hight 1m,which using oral cavity collectors of aspirator or not was collected by the method of sedimentation.Results The datum of the group with oral cavity collectors of aspirator was much lower than the group without it.Conclusion Environmental pollution from tooth treatment in dental clinic can be reduced by using oral extemal suction.

Objective To evaluate the potential risk of transmission of angiostrongyliasis by common freshwater snails in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into local surveillance of angiostrongyliasis. Methods Common freshwater snails were collected from Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province from March to April, 2020, and identified and bred in laboratory. SD rats were infected with third-stage larvae of Angiostrongylus cantonensis that were isolated from commercially available Pomacea canaliculata snails in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and freshwater snails were infected with the first-stage larvae of A. cantonensis that were isolated from the feces of SD rats 39 days post-infection at room temperature. The developmental process and morphological characteristics of worms in hosts were observed, and the percentages of A. cantonensis infections in different species of freshwater snails were calculated. Then, SD rats were infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis that were isolated from A. cantonensis-infected freshwater snails, and the larval development and reproduction was observed. Results More than 3 000 freshwater snail samples were collected from farmlands, ditches and wetlands around Erhai Lake in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, and Cipangopaludina chinensis, P. canaliculata, Parafossarulus striatulus, Oncomelania hupensis robertsoni, Galba pervia, Physa acuta, Radix swinhoei, Assiminea spp., Tricula spp. and Bellamya spp. were morphologically identified. A total of 105 commercially available P. canaliculata snails were tested for A. cantonensis infections, and 2 P. canaliculata snails were found to be infected with A. cantonensis, in which the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis were isolated. Ten species of freshwater snails were artificially infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis, and all 10 species of freshwater snails were found to be infected with A. cantonensis, with the highest positive rate of A. cantonensis infections in Bellamya spp. (62.3%, 137/204), and the lowest in C. chinensis (35.5%, 11/31). After SD rats were infected with the third-stage larvae of A. cantonensis isolated from different species of freshwater snails, mature adult worms of A. cantonensis were yielded. Conclusions Multiple species of freshwater snails may serve as intermediate hosts of A. cantonensis under laboratory conditions in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province. Further investigations on natural infection of A. cantonensis in wild snails in Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture seem justified.