There is a kind of intrinsic correlation between achievements and age.The average years of age of the scientists awarded the Nobel prizes in five fields are 30.9~33.3.Lots of ancient and modern scientists in many fields are similar to this.Therefore young people are able to make significant achievements,especially innovative achievements.This law is not well cogitated in our country,especially by the young themselves.To understand this law correctly will be of certain inspiration and significance not only for people from different age bracket to make achievement but also beneficial to improving the innovative capability of the whole country.

Taking medical morality unrturance of systematicness and practicality,the medical workers and medical students should have a soberly and definitely understand,and hold idea to bringing society effect and basic request of medical morality,meaning of medical aim and peristing in making good morality,medical morality culture,and setting medical logos spirit and etc problems.It is a realism proposition for perspicuiting basic elements and inertia factors of medical logos spirit,and unity od medical ought and medical logos spirit.

Objective To examine and analyze the methylation status of the promoter region of human telomerase reverse transcriptase(hTERT)in gastric cell lines.Methods Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification protocol(TRAP).Expression of hTERT was observed by immunofluorescence.The target sequence of hTERT CpG island(-692~-403bp)was selected by database search.The methylation status of hTERT CpG island was examined with bisulfite sequencing PCR(BSP)as following:Genomic DNAs were modified by sodium bisulfite and amplified by PCR with primers that contained no CpG sites.Direct sequencing was performed for each case.Results Both TRAP and immunofluorescence analysis showed that high levels of telomerase and hTERT were expressed in SGC-7901 and BGC-823 cells.The sequences(-634~-403bp)of hTERT gene promoter,which were sequenced successfully,were homologous to the sequences before sodium bisulfite modification.25 CpGs in BGC-823 cell line and 26 CpGs in SGC-7901 cell line were observed to be methylated in all 26 CpGs of this part.Only one repressive transcription factor,which called myeloid-specific zinc finger protein 2(MZF-2),was found to bind this region which possessed two special binding motifs.Such a kind of binding showed potential importance for methylation-mediated derepression of hTERT transcription.Conclusion The hypermethylation may change the structure of DNA and result in abortive binding between MZF-2 and its motif,which might be one of the reasons for up-regulation of hTERT transcription and telomerase activity.

Objective To observe the injuries of sodium citrate plasma(scP) on the growth and function of HepG2 cells.Methods The HepG2 cells were cultured.The viability,cell cycle and apoptosis,the leakage of LDH,total protein,glutathione and the changes on morphology of hepatocytes exposured to scP were investigated.Results The viability of HepG2 cells was inhibited when the cells were cultured in scP for 24h(F=37.108,P=0.001).After 48h,nearly all cells died except cells in 10% scP group.After the cells were exposed to scP for 24h,the percentage of S phase of the cell cycle and the rate of apoptosis were significantly increased compared to those of the control.The leakages of LDH were increased in the HepG2 following exposure to scP for 5h(P

Objective To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine on median effective target effect-site concentration ( EC50) of sufentanil inhibiting body movement evoked by skin incision in patients undergoing bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy. Methods Thirty-nine ASA I or II patients of both sexes aged 20-64 yr with a body mass index of 20-25 kg/m2 undergoing bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy were randomly divided into 2 groups: control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D). The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1 g and scopolamine 0.3 mg. In group D dexmedetomidine 0.6 μg/kg was injected iv over 10 min at S min before induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol and sufentanil. The target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 3.0 μg/ml which was maintained until the end of operation. TCI of sufentanil was started at 10 min after initiation of propofol TCI. The initial target effect-site concentration was set at 0.20 ng/ml and decreased/increased by 20% in the next patient according to whether the patient's body moved or not within 1 min after skin incision. Laryngeal mask airway was inserted at 3 min after initiation of sufentanil TCI. Spontaneous breathing was maintained. Skin incision was made at 10 min after initiation of sufentanil TCI. The EC50 and 95% confidence interval (CI) of sufentanil inhibiting skin incision-evoked body movement were calculated with sequential method. Results EC50, of sufentanil was 0.1148 ng/ml (95% CI 0.1055-0.1249 ng/ml) in group D and 0.1454 ng/ml (95% CI 0.1339-0.1580 ng/ml) in group C, and was significantly lower in group D than in group C. Conclusion Dexmedetomidine 0.6 μg/kg infused iv before operation can reduce the EC50 of sufentanil inhibiting body movement evoked by skin incision in patients undergoing bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy.

Objective To investigate efficacy and effect on liver function of the experimental therapy with balloon catheter to block the main artery temporarily and then pressurize chemoembolization to treat hypovascular liver cancer. Methods Eighty patients with hypovascular liver cancer requiring interventional therapy were randomly divided into two groups.The experimental group was treated with the new therapy and the control group was treated with traditional therapy. The lipiodol-filling status and maximum diameter of the tumor was analyzed for a midterm outcome,and the change of AFP and liver function were evaluated.Mann-Whitney test was used for data between two groups,Friedman test was used for data of each group,and Spearman nonparameter relevant analysis was used for efficacy indexes.Results ( 1 ) All Patients have confirmed diagnosis of hypocvascular liver cancer and got balanced baseline. ( 2 ) Lipiodol-filling status:the clinical efficacy and benefit rates of patients from experimental group were higher than that from control group and showed statistically significant difference in 1,3,12 months (Z =-2.135,- 2.939,- 2.686 ; P =0.034,0.004,0.007 ),but no statistically significant difference in 6 month ( Z =- 1.170,P =0.242 ).The status of lipiodol-filling of experimental group ( x2 =2.593,P =0.459 ) was more stable than control group ( x2 =10.886,P =0.012).(3) Maximum diameter of the tumor:the clinical efficacy and benefit rates of patients from experimental group were higher than that from control group and showed statistically significant difference in 3,12 months ( Z =- 2.734,- 2.733 ; P =0.006,0.006),but no statistically significant difference in 1,6 month ( Z =- 1.692,- 1.895 ;P =0.091,0.058). But neither of two groups showed statistically significant difference in change of maximum diameter of the tumor ( x2 =5.500,P =0.139 ; x2 =6.509,P =0.089 ).Relation between lipiodol-filling and maximum diameter showed positive correlation in 3 month ( r =0.257,P =0.035 ). (4) Stratified analysis was used for data of AFP according to AFP value before therapy,and two groups showed no statistically significant difference for patients belonging to 20-1000 μg/L by Pearson Chi-square test. (5)Two groups showed no statistically significant difference for data of liver function before therapy and in 1,3,6months ( Z =- 1.073,- 1.314,-0.518,-0.549;P=0.308,0.189,0.604,0.583).Conclusions According to the midterm result of this experiment,the experimental therapy increased lipiodol-filling and decreased maximum diameter of the tumor significantly in 3 and 12 months correspondingly,but no significant difference was observed in AFP and liver function between groups yet. So the long-term efficacy and its influence to lung metastasis and survival rate need further research.

Objective To detect the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT ) and telomerase in hu‐man fetal gastric fibroblasts .Methods Human fetal gastric fibroblasts were isolated and cultured ,epithelial cells were exduded by CK‐18 immune staining .hTERT protein was determined by indirect immunofluorescence .Telomerase activity was analyzed using telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay (TRAP)while the same analysis in adult gastric fibroblast ,which as to be positive con‐trol .Results Cultured fibroblasts were CK‐18 negative .The positive hTERT immunostaining was detected in both cellular cyto‐plasm and nuclear compartments .Amplified telomeric repeats (about 170 bp) in human fetal gastric fibroblasts were longer than those (160 bp) in adult gastric fibroblasts .Conclusion hTERT and telomerase were expressed in human fetal gastric fibroblasts .

Objective:To analysis the effects of alprostadil and yishen huashi particles on blood glucose,blood lipid,renal function and urinary podocyte proteins of patients with diabetic nephropathy.Methods:98 patients with diabetic nephropathy were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group with 49 cases in each group.The patients in the control group were treated with alprostadil,while the patients in the experimental group were treated with yishenhuashui particles on the basis of the control group.Then the curative effect,the levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc),blood glucose (FPG),2 h postprandial blood glucose (2h PG),triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein (LDL-C),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),creatinine (Cr),β2 microglobulin (β2-MG),bladder inhibition (Cys-C) and urinary podocyte proteins (PCX) in the two groups were observed and compared between the two groups before and after the treatment.Results:The total effective rate of experimental group was higher than control group (P＜0.05).After treatment,there was no statistically significant difference about the HbA1c,FPG and 2 HPG between the two groups (P＞0.05).After the treatment,the levels ofTG,TC,LDL-C,BUN,Cr,β2 MG,Cys C,PCX and urinary nephrin/urine Cr of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group (P＜0.05).The HDL-C of experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:The curative is effect of alprostadil and yishen huashi particles in treatment diabetic nephropathy patients,can conducive to the improvement of blood glucose,blood lipid,renal function,reduce the concentration of urinary podocyte related proteins.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the prevention and control measures for nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.METHODS The status of hospital-acquired tuberculosis and influencing factors on nosocomial transmission of M.tuberculosis at home and abroad were analyzed.Then prevention and control measures for nosocomial tuberculosis were brought forward.RESULTS To prevent and control of nosocomial transmission of M.tuberculosis,it was necessary to strengthen personnel management and environmental monitoring,control the direction of air flow in hospitals,strengthen respiratory protection of health care workers and management of tuberculosis patients.CONCLUSIONS To prevent and control M.tuberculosis hospital infections,comprehensive prevention and control measures are needed.

Objective To observe the short-term,long-term clinical results and complications in refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) treating with TNF-α inhibitors,and to compare 2 evaluation systems.Methods A retrospective review of 52 cases of patients with refractory JIA in Shenzhen Children's Hospital was performed.With reference to International Leagne of Associations for Rheumatology(ILAR)2001 diagnostic criteria,the patients were divided into 4 groups:26 polyarticular JIA patients,14 systemic JIA patients,9 oligoarticular JIA patients and 3 other types of patients.The children with JIA were based on the conventional treatment such as Methotrexate,combination of TNF-α inhibitors treatment.The short-term and long-term clinical outcomes were evaluated and compared with American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score (JADAS).Complications in each group were recorded.Results (1) Short-term outcome assessment:ACR 50 were achieved in 69.2％ of the polyarticular JIA,66.7％ in oligoarticular and 35.7％ in systemic JIA patients on the third month;and by the time of the sixth month it reached to 73.0％ in polyarticular JIA,77.7％ in oligoarticular JIA and 14.3％ in systemic JIA patients on the sixth month.Significant improvement of JADAS after the treatment was observed in each type of JIA,and the differences were statistically significant(all P ＜ 0.05).(2) Long-term outcome assessment:except for the cases missing follow-ups and withdrawal cases,46 patients were able to complete 2 years assessments:according to ACR,effective rate was 84.0％ in polyarticular JIA (21/25 cases),50.0％ in oligoarticular JIA (4/8 cases) and 7.7％ in systemic (1/13 cases) JIA patients;JADAS was significantly decreased in polyarticular JIA patients (76.0％,19/25cases) (P ＜ 0.05),while significant improvement was not observed in oligoarticular JIA and systemic JIA patients(P ＞ 0.05).(3) Complications of upper respiratory tract infection (23.0％,12 cases) and local reaction in injection site (7.6％,4 cases) were noticed.Higher risks of tuberculosis infection and malignancy were not observed.Conclusions (1) TNF-α inhibitors treatment showed a better short-term and long-term outcome in polyarticular and oligoarticular JIA patients,and it may also improve short-term outcome in systemic JIA but with poorer long-term outcome.(2)Two evaluated systems (ACR and JADAS) were well relative,but ACR was capable to compare clinical course between different types of JIA.(3) TNF-α inhibitors treatment was relatively safe with unremarkable adverse reactions.