By means of TLC-densitomery, the contents of oleanolic acid extracted from the fruits of Ligustrum lucidum were determined to be 8.04% (g/g) in the unriped fruit collected in August and 2.73% (g/g) in riped fruit gathered in December. This result showed that the oleanolic acid content in fructus L. Iucidum decreases gradually with growing until the fruit is fully riped.

Objective To assess the effects of eszopiclone (ESZ) on the pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping time and spontaneous activity in mice exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia.Methods 120 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups by using two factors 2×3 levels factorial design,in which two factors were interventions (ESZ and 0.9％ sodium chloride,2 levels) and altitudes (800 m,3500 m and 6000 m,3 levels).The pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping test and the open field test were engaged to assess the effects of ESZ on sleeping time and spontaneous activity.Results (1) The drug and altitude had no interaction in the results of both the pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping test and the open field test(P＞0.05).(2)The time of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping of mice in the groups of ESZ at each altitudes were (37.77± 18.22) min,(37.02± 13.67) min,(95.67±47.68)min and in the groups of NS were(17.78± 14.10) min,(15.09± 12.46) min,(39.54±28.24) min respectively,and the sleep time in ESZ groups were significantly longer than those in the groups of NS (P＜0.05).The time of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping were longer in group of 6000 m than those in the other two groups,both the ESZ and NS groups (P＜0.05).(3)No significant difference was found in the open field test between the ESZ and NS groups in the same altitude(P＞0.05) ; while the mice at the altitude of 6000 m in groups of ESZ and NS decreased compared with the groups at the altitude of 800 m after the relevant drugs intra-perineally for 6 h (P＜0.05).Conclusion ESZ may prolong pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping time especially at the altitude of 6000 m and with no influence on the spontaneous activity in mice exposed to acute hypobaric hypoxia.High altitude at 6000 m may prolong the sleep time induced by pentobarbital sodium and reduce the spontaneous activities.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term toxicity of fully human anti-human tumor necrosis factor-α monoclonal antibody(anti-hTNF-α FHMA)for injection in cynomolgus monkeys. METHODS Forty cynomolgus monkeys were randomly divided into 5 groups (4 males and 4 females in each group):negative control group,adalimumab 10 mg·kg-1 group,anti-hTNF-αFHMA 2,10 and 50 mg·kg-1 groups. Cynomolgus monkeys in each group were injected sc once a week for 5 consecutive times, followed by 4 weeks of recovery. During the test,general clinical observation,body mass,body temperature,electrocardiogram(ECG),hematology,coagulation function,blood biochemistry,urine, ophthalmology,immune index,and pathological changes in organs and tissues were observed. At the same time,plasma drug concentrations were detected and the toxicokinetics parameters were analyzed. RESULTS No significant toxicological changes related to drugs were observed in general clinical observation,body mass,body temperature,ECG,ophthalmic examination,blood cell counts,coagu?lation function,blood biochemistry,urine analysis,lymphocyte subsets,cytokines,serum immuno?globulin,serum complement. Neutralizing anti-drug antibody(ADA)could be detected in adalimumab group and anti-hTNF-αFHMA groups. Anti-hTNF-αFHMA showed linear dynamic characteristics in cyno?molgus monkeys. At the same dose(10 mg·kg-1),anti-hTNF-αFHMA had similar immunogenicity and kinetics characteristics to adalimumab. CONCLUSION The level of anti-hTNF-α FHMA at which no adverse effect was observed was 50 mg · kg-1,which is equivalent to 75 times clinical dosage of quasi (0.67 mg·kg-1),which suggests that anti-hTNF-αFHMA be safe in clinical use.

Objective To study the effect of different dialysis modalities on pruritus in elderly maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods Totally 51 patients were randomly divided into hemoperfusion combined with hemodialysis group (HD+ HP),hemodiafiltration group (HDF) and hemodialysis group (HD).Plasma β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) were measured by means of radio immunoassay at pre and post dialysis,4 weeks and 8 weeks after dialysis,cutaneous pruritus was scored.The remission rate of itching was calculated at 8 weeks after dialysis.The parameters were compared among different groups.Results The level of plasma β2-MG was lower in HD+HP group after dialysis than pre dialysis [(13.48±3.05)mg/L vs.(16.27±4.73) mg/L,t＝2.044,P＜0.05],at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after dialysis,its levels were decreased to (10.97±3.25)mg/L(t＝3.808,P＝0.002)and (6.47±2.35)mg/L(t＝7.650,P＝0.000),respectively.The levels of iPTH were also found decrease from(887.5 ± 242.7)ng/L to (688.3 ±223.4)ng/L(t＝3.384,P＝0.004)at 4 weeks and (467.2±102.5) ng/L(t＝6.578,P＝0.000) at 8weeks after dialysis in HD+HP group (all P＜0.01).There were differences of the levels of plasma β2-MG and iPTH at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after dialysis in HDF group (all P＜ 0.05),but no differences of the levels of plasma β2-MG and iPTH during every period were found in HD group(all P＞0.05).The scores of cutaneous pruritus were decreased from (21.17± 5.01) scores to (13.37±2.85) scores(t＝ 5.580,P＝0.000)at 4 weeks and (8.52±4.38) scores(t＝7.838,P＝0.000)at 8 weeks after dialysis in HD+ HP group,and also the scores at 4 and 8 weeks after dialysis in HDF group (all P＜0.01),but there were no significant differences of the scores during every period in HD group (all P＞0.05).The remission rate of itching was better in HD+ HP group than in HDF group [88.24％ (15/17 cases) vs.58.82％ (10/17 cases),x2＝14.44,P＝0.000],better in HDF group than in HD group 23.53％ (4/17 cases) (x2 ＝4.37,P＝0.037).Conclusions HD+HP is superior to HDF in efficiently clear β2-MG and iPTH,and relief cutaneous pruritus,but HD can poorly clear β2-MG and iPTH or relief itching.

Objective To investigate the intermediary and regulating effect of self?esteem on per?ceived stress and training burnout among accelerated plateau soldiers. Methods A total of 700 accelerated plateau soldiers were investigated which were chosen by a random cluster sampling method,and assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale, Self?esteem Scale and Self?compiled Soldiers' Training Burnout Questionnaire. Results ( 1) The total score of training burnout,the score of physical and mental exhaustion and the score of training alienated among soldiers who had a history of training injury (27.85±5.80,14.89±3.46 and 6.89± 2.26,respectively) were significantly higher than those of soldiers who didn't have a history of training injury (25.05±5.12,12.68±3.25 and 6.16±2.78,respectively),and the differences were significant ( t= 4.321, 5.764,2.825,all P<0.01). The total score of training burnout,the score of physical and mental exhaustion and the score of training alienated among soldiers who had a high training expectation were higher than those of soldiers who didn't have a high training expectation,and the differences were significant (P<0.01). (2) Among accelerated plateau soldiers,training burnout showed significantly positive correlation with perceived stress ( r=0.323, P<0.01),and significantly negative correlation with self?esteem ( r=-0.409, P<0.01). (3) The intermediary role of self?esteem between perceived stress and training burnout was remarkable (P<0.01) ,which accounted for 33.8% of the total effect,and self?esteem also had a regulating effect (P<0.05) . Conclusion Radical plateau soldiers have remarkable differences due to the history of training injury or training expectations,and self?esteem has partial intermediary and regulating effect between perceived stress and training burnout.

Objective:To investigate the effect of rapamycin on cell growth and migration of gallbladder cancer GBC-SD cells, and to discuss its potential in clinical therapy of gallbladder cancer. Methods: Proliferation of GBC-SD cells treated with different concentrations of rapamycin (12.5, 25, and 50 mmol/L) was examined by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribu-tion and apoptosis of GBC-SD cells treated with different concentrations of rapamycin were determined by flow cytometry. Migration ability of GBC-SD cells was assessed by Transwell assay. The expression of mTOR (mammalian target of rapam-ycin) and its phosphorylation in GBC-SD cells were examined by Western blotting assay. Results: Rapamycin significant-ly inhibited the phosphorylation of roTOR, but had no influence on the expression of roTOR in GBC-SD cells. Rapamycin significantly inhibited the growth of GBC-SD cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01). Raparnycin induced apoptosis of GBC-SD cells and arrested them at the G_1/S phase. Furthermore, rapamycin also significantly suppressed migration of GBC-SD cells as showed by Transwell assay (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Rapamycin can remarkably inhibit the growth and migration of gallbladder cancer cells, probably by inhibition of p-roTOR pathway, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle ar-rest of gallbladder cancer cells.

Objective To assess the efficacy of fish oil in the treatment of IgA nephropathy using the method of Meta-analysis. Methods Randomized controlled trials of fish oil in the treatment of IgA nephropathy were searched in the database of Cochrane library,PubMed, EMBASE and CNKI. Data extracted from the literatures were analyzed with Revman software (version 5.0). Results In comparison with the controlled group, proteinuria in the fish oil group was significantly decreased [SMD=-0.27, 95%CI (-0.52 to -0.03), P=0.03], while the renal function deteriorated [SMD=0.30,95%CI(0.05 to 0.55), P=0.02]. Conclusion Fish oil can decrease the proteinuria of IgA nephropathy, but can not prevent renal function from deterioration.

The chemical constituents of Rosa chinensis Jacq were diverse ,mainly including flavonoids ,flavonoid glyco-sides ,phenolic acids ,aromatic oils ,tannins and pigments .Its extract and some chemical constituents had shown multiple phar-macological activities ,such as antitumor ,antifungal ,anti-viral ,anti-oxidation etc ..The advances in the study on chemical com-ponents and pharmacological actions of Rosa chinensis Jacq were reviewed and its application prospect was prospected .