This article comes from abundant experiences of TCM therapy of children cough variant asthma, on basis of theory of "pathogen usually intruding into collateral in protracted disease" and Treating "hidden stagnation" theory from Peng Bo, and according to physiology characteristic of children and conclusion of pathology experiment, inquires into mechanism and prescription of treating the disease from hidden wind and stagnation. This method demonstrates essence of TCM pathology of cough variant asthma, embodies the marrow of "curing the illness from essence", expects to obtain break-through about both theory of Chinese Medicine and practice .

In this paper a series of gait quantitative assessment indexes:phase symmetry index,verti-cal force symmetry index,equilibrium function index,and brake and drive function indexes are obtainedwith VICON 3-dimensinal movement analysis system according to the results that 40 amputees,50 cerebralpalsy patients, 31 hemiplegia patients and 19 paraplegia are evaluated and the differences between the nor-mal and the abnormal(p<0.001)found with these indexes. The quantitative assessment methed of walk-ing function not only provides rehabilitation level of patients and for checking therapeutical effects,but alsolaies the foundation of gait analysis to standardization and practicalization further.

This paper reports one case of overseas imported quartan malaria and the diagnosis and treatment process. By using dihydroartemisinin combined with piperaquine,the treatment results are satisfactory.

Objective To understand the malaria epidemic situation and characteristics in Shandong Province in 2014,so as to provide evidences for taking targeted strategies and measures for malaria elimination. Methods The data of malaria epi?demic and malaria cases of Shandong Province in 2014 were collected from Information Management System for Infectious Dis?eases Report and Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention. The epidemiological character?istics of malaria situation and the diagnosis and treatment of malaria cases were analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007. Results A total of 150 malaria cases were reported in Shandong Province in 2014,which increased by 14.50% compared with that in 2013 (131 cases). All the cases were imported from other countries except one imported from Yunnan Province in China,and most of the imported cases were from Africa(142 cases,95.30%). All the cases were confirmed in Shandong Provincial Reference Labo?ratory and there were 121 cases(80.67%)infected with Plasmodium falciparum,16 cases(10.67%)infected with P. vivax,9 cases(6.00%)infected with P. ovale and 4 cases(2.67%)infected with P. malariae. The cases were mainly distributed in Tai’ an(40 cases,26.67%),Yantai(17 cases,11.33%),Weihai(13 cases,8.67%),Jining(11 cases,7.33%)and Heze(11 cases,7.33%)cities. Conclusions There have been no local malaria cases reported in Shandong Province in the continuous 3 years. However,the reported number of imported malaria cases shows an increasing trend in the province in recent years,and the species of infected Plasmodium are diverse. Imported malaria from other countries is the key of malaria control in Shandong Province at present.

Objective To examine the effects of acute hypobaric hypoxia on abilities of learning and memory,the water content in brain,the level of nitric oxide(NO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) in hippocampus of mice.Methods The acute hypobaric hypoxia environment were made by putting the mice in a hypobaric chamber simulated at altitude of 6 000 meters for 8 hours.The capabilities of learning and memory of mice were detected by Morris water maze test.The content of water in hippocampus were examined by measuring the ratio of dry/wet weight,and the level of NO and ET-1 in brain was detected by colorimetric method.Results Morris water maze test showed that the mean escape latency of mice in the hypobaric hypoxia group were longer than that in the normobaric normoxia group((44.60±7.80) s vs (26.39±8.44)s,P＜0.01),and the target quadrant residence time were decreased((19.78±2.74) s vs (22.98±6.14)s,P＜ 0.05).Compared with the normobaric normoxia group (NO:(2.37 ± 1.07) μmol/gProt,ET-1:(38.87 ± 6.17) ng/L),the water content in brain of mice in the hypobaric hypoxia group was increased (P＜ 0.05),meanwhile,both the level of NO ((4.48 ± 1.45) μmol/gProt) and ET-1 ((52.09±6.75)ng/L) in brain were increased too(P＜0.01).Conclusion Hypobaric hypoxia can decrease the abilities of learning and memory of mice,and these changes might be related with the increased water content and the increased level of NO and ET-1 in hippocampus of mice.

AIM: To explore the influence of herbs (9602 prescription) on brain energy metabolism in cerebral ischemia reperfusion mice.METHODS: Ischemia reperfusion in cerebral injury model was duplicated in mice. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the brain metabolism were measured. The influence of 9602 prescription on cerebral energy metabolism in ischemia reperfusion mice model was dynamicly observed. RESULTS: Phase Ⅰ: The spectrum of NMR showed that after 10 min of ischemia, the PCr peak dropped significantly, while the Pi peak rose significantly in both the control and the “9602” group. There was no remarkable difference between the two groups. After reperfusion the PCr peak in the control group continued dropping slowly and remained at a low level (55.50?14.94) after 10 min of reperfusion, while after reperfusion the fallen PCr peak in the “9602” group started rising till 76.72?13.37 (P0.05). Phase Ⅱ: The HPLC showed that the cerebral energy charge values of the control group (0.1104?0.0343) were significantly lower than those of the “9602” group (0.2884?0.0552) and the sham-operation group (0.1846?0.0455) (P

AIM: To explore the effects of aflatoxin G 1(AFG 1 )on proliferation and TNF-? secretion of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells(HPBM) in vitro. METHODS: The effects of AFG 1 on proliferation of HPBM were analysed with flow cytometric (FCM) DNA analysis and MTT bioassay, while that on TNF-? secretion was detected with ELISA. RESULTS: FCM analysis revealed that 6 h after treatment, proliferation index(PI) of 1000 ?g/L AFG 1 treated HPBM was significantly higher than that of control. 24 h after AFG 1 treatment, stimulating effects on proliferation was found in HPBM treated with AFG 1 at 200 ?g/L and 1 000 ?g/L.Regression analysis showed that PI was postively correlated with the concentrations of AFG 1 in the concentration range from 0 to 1 000 ?g/L( r=0. 5122 and 0.5119 respectively,P

Objective To understand the awareness status of malaria control knowledge of primary and secondary school stu-dents in malaria endemic areas of Shandong Province,so as to provide the baseline information for formulating the malaria control strategy. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 5 TypeⅡmalaria-endemic counties in Shandong Province. A struc-tured questionnaire survey was administrated to students in primary and secondary schools. Results A total of 1 884 students were completed with the questionnaires and all were effective. The total awareness rate of malaria control knowledge was 65.9%, and 54.7% of the students knew the transmission route of malaria and only 31.5% of the students were aware of the preventive methods of malaria. There were significant differences of the awareness scores of malaria control knowledge among different malar-ia endemic areas but there were no significant differences between the awareness rates of male and female students and between two different education levels. Conclusions The awareness of malaria control knowledge of primary and secondary school stu-dents in Shandong Province is poor;therefore,the health education of malaria control knowledge for primary and secondary school students should be strengthened.

Objective To analyze the clinical and imaging features of pulmonary metastasis of giant cell tumor of bone for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods Five patients with histologically proven pulmonary metastasis from giant cell tumor of bone were reviewed,the imaging features and the progression of the pulmonary metastasis were evaluated.Results The first operation of primary tumor was curettages and then local recurrence was seen in all 5 cases.The interval to metastasis ranged from 5 to 26 months.Pulmonary metastasis was diagnosed by chest radiographs in 4 cases and CT in all 5 cases.The imaging findings included solitary solid nodule (n =1),multiple solid nodules and mass (n =5),multiple groundglass nodules (n =1) and complex form (n =2).The dynamic follow-up CT findings showed spontaneous regress nodules (n =1),metastasis occurring again 19 months after surgery of solitary nodule (n =1),some solid nodules unchangable for a long time in 3 patients with multiple nodules.Conclusions The dynamic follow-up CT findings of pulmonary metastasis of giant cell tumor of bone are specific.The regular follow-up could play an essential role in early detection and prognosis of pulmonary metastasis within 2 years after primary tumor diagnosed.

Objective:To explore the regulatory effect of miR-873-5p micro-RNA targeting voltage-dependent anion channel protein 1 (VDAC1) in neurons and its mechanism.Methods:Murine nerve cells were randomly divided in vitro into a control group, a model group, a mimetic negative carrier (miR-con) group and an miR-873-5p group. The epileptiform hippocampal nerve cell model was induced in all of the cells except those in the control group using magnesium-free medium. The control group was normally cultured, while the miR-con and miR-873-5p groups were transfected with miR control and miR-873-5p RNA respectively. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reactions were used to detect the expression of miR-873-5p and VDAC1 mRNA. Western blotting was employed to detect VDAC1, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 protein (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and cleared caspase-3 in the neurons. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured using the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe, the thiobarbituric acid method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay respectively. Any apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry, while the targeting of miR-873-5p on VDAC1 was verified using the double fluorescence zymase reporter gene method.Results:Compared with the control group, a significant decrease in the average expression of miR-873-5p, Bcl-2 and in GSH and MDA levels was observed in the model group, but there was a significant increase in the average level of VDAC1, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and ROS and in the rate of apoptosis. Compared with the miR-con group, a significant decrease in the average expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, ROS and in the apoptosis rate was observed in the miR-873-5p group, but there was a significant increase in the average level of Bcl-2, GSH and MDA. Moreover, it was verified that miR-873-5p reduced the expression of VDAC1.Conclusion:miR-873-5p protects damaged neurons by inhibiting their apoptosis through negatively regulating the target gene VDAC1 and the oxidative stress response.