Objective: To investigate the common risk factors, clinical features and the impact of risk factors on the age of onset in young female patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: The clinical data of 260 young female patients with new cerebral infarction were analyzed retrospectively. The common risk factors and the impact of risk factors on the age of onset in young women with cerebral infarction were observed. Results: Circled digit oneAmong the 260 patients, 36-45 years were the majority (65.8%) and 18-25 years were the minority (11.5%). Their most common risk factors were hypertension (39. 2%), diabetes mellitus(14.6%) and hyperlipidemia (8.1%); followed by other risk factors, such as moyamoya disease (3.8%), patent foramen ovale (4.2%), hyperhomocysteinemia (3.5%), vasculitis (3.5%) and atrial fibrillation (3.5%). The incidence of hypertension increased with age (χ2 = 17. 573, P < 0.01), and patent foramen ovale decreased with age (χ2 =12.666, P<0.01). Circled digit twoThe TOAST criteria; cryptogenic type accounted for 31.2% (81/260); large-artery atherosclerotic type accounted for 26.9% (70/260); small-artery occlusion and other definitive cause types accounted for 16.5% (43/260) and 15.0% (39/260) respectively; and cardioembolic type accounted for 10.4% (27/260). Circled digit threeLogrank test analysis did not find that the age of stroke onset in patients with hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atrial fibrillation was lower than the mean age; and the age (median age [95% CI]) of the occurrence of cerebral infarction in patients with atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale and vasculitis were 26 (range 13-39), 29 (range 19-39), and 35 (range 33-37) years, respectively. They were lower than the average age of this group [39 years range 38-40] , all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The most common risk factors in young female patients with cerebral infarction are hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, moyamoya disease, and patent foramen ovale. Hyperhomocysteinemia and vasculitis also have a higher proportion. Among the patients with atrial septal defect, patent foramen ovale and vasculitis, the age of the occurrence of cerebral infarction is younger.

Objective To summarize our experience in the diagnosis and management of popliteal artery entrapment syndrome (PAES). Methods This is a retrospective study on 10 patients (13 limbs)who were admitted for symptoms of claudication and the diagnosis of popliteal entrapment was established either with angiography,computed tomographic angiography,magnetic resonance angiogram or during the operation in recent 7 years (2002-2009).All patients were treated surgically. Results The mean age at the time of presentation was (25 ±7) years old (range,17-41 years).Claudication was the most frequent presenting symptom (12 limbs).The surgical procedures consisted of simple musculotendinous dissociation in 1 limb,thrombectomy with balloon angioplasty in 1 limb,musculotendinous dissociation plus thromboendarterectomy with autogenous saphenous vein (ASV)patch angioplasty in 2 limbs,ASV graft interposition or bypass in 6 limbs and graft interposition or bypass in 3 limbs.At a median follow-up of (35 ±27) months (range,2 months-7 years),there were no intraoperative or long-term postoperative complications and all the patients were cured. Conclusions PAES is an unusual but important cause of peripheral vascular insufficiency especially in young patients.A combined approach is necessary for diagnosis.Popliteal artery release alone or with vein bypass or reconstruction is the treatment of choice.

Objective In this study,we aim to evaluate the risk and incidence of traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) in patients with traumatic cervical spinal canal stenosis (CSCS) without major fracture or dislocation,and evaluate the feasibility of preventive decompression surgery. Methods This study included eighty?seven patients with traumatic CSCI without major fracture or dislocation treated in our department between 2005 and 2012. Mann?Whitney U test was used for statistical analyses. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to calculate the relative and absolute risks for the incidence of traumatic CSCI without major fracture or dislocation related with CSCS. Results The relative risk for the incidence of traumatic CSCI with CSCS was 145.7 times higher than that for the incidence without CSCS. However ,only 0.000026% of patients with CSCS may be able to avoid developing traumatic CSCI if they underwent decompression surgery before trauma. Conclusions Prophylactic surgical management for CSCS might not significantly affect the incidence of traumatic CSCI.

Objective: To explore cytokine mechanism of Zhongjiling Tablet therapy to experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG). Methods: Lewis rats were immunized with N2-AChR(from Torpedo's electrical organ)in CFA. ELISA were adopted to determine IFN-?,IL-4,TGF-? levels in serum and surpernatant fluids and anti-N2-AChR total IgG,IgG1,IgG2 titers in serum of EAMG on week 7 post immunization and treatment.Results:In serum and surpernatant fluids:IFN-?,IL-4 level in model group were dramatically higher than CEA group ( P

Objective To assess prevalence and risk factors of illness within the past 2 weeks among rural residents in Menglian,under the background of essential public health service implemented generally. Methods In February 2012, the questionnaire method was employed to investigate the two-week morbidity in 2011 rural residents sampled by multistage stratified random sampling from Menglian population. Results The prevalence, that of illness within two-week among 2011 rural residents in Menglian, was 97.5‰ (95%CI 84.5‰-110.5‰) . It was lower than that of the rural region IV in China (149.6‰, <0.05) .Its age trend was the same as that of the rural region IV in China,the prevalence in 0-14 years old children,however,was higher than the counterpart in the rural region IV in China. The diseases, which two-week morbidity ranked the top five, were acute upper respiratory infection, acute gastroenteritis, hyperostosis, acute tracheobronchitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The results of multilevel logistic regression model fitted by group-level explanatory variable mountainous area, individual-level random slopes variable gender and other individual background variables indicated that there were across-level interactions between mountainous area and gender ( <0.05), the family income lower than RMB 15000 (odds ration 3.2378, 95%CI 1.9014-5.5130) and age (odds ration 1.0163, 95%CI 1.0002-1.0327) had a positive effect to two-week morbidity, and contrasting to unmarried, married had a negative effect to two-week morbidity (odds ratio 0.4727, 95%CI 0.2534-0.8819) . Conclusions Comparing with that of the rural region IV in China before implementing essential public health service, the two-week morbidity in Menglian was lower. For further elevating the health level of population, the strategies, such as intensifying material and child hygiene in the mountain area, improving sanitary conditions of low income family, and updating health consciousness in single population,would be implemented.

Objective To investigate the abnormal situation and the characteristics of body mass index(BMI),blood pressure (BP),blood lipid(BL),and fasting plasma glucose(FPG) in residents of Chongqing.Methods Data of BMI,BP,BL and FPG were obtained from 16 367 residents receiving regular health examination in our Hospital in 2006.Results These metabolic indicators of this group were abnormal:The detection rate was 33.2%(42.5% in male and 17.6% in female)for overweight;7.4%(9.7% in male and 3.5% in female) for obesity;25.4%(30.0% in male and 17.6% in female) for hypertension;,38.9%(41% in male and 35.5% in female) for total cholesterol;26.1%( 34% in male and 12.8% in female) for triglyceride;23.7%(26.8% in male and 18.6% in female) for low-density lipoprotein;8.2%(11.8% in male and 2.2% in female) for high-density lipoprotein;3.2%(3.8% in male and 2.2% in female) for impaired fasting glucose;and 3.2%(3.9% in male and 2.0% in female) for diabetes meUitus.The detection rate of these metabolic disorders was significantly higher in men than those in women,and increased with age,which was significantly higher in people aged 30-40 years than in people aged less than 30 years.Conclusion The levels of BMI,BP,BL and FPG of health examination residents in Chongqing had its unique characteristics,and were abnormal significantly,it was very important to take regularly health examination after 30 yrs old.

Objective To investigate whether there is Blomia tropicalis breeding in the flour warehouse of food factory in a civil aviation airport,and,if there is,to observe the morphological structure of the mite. Methods The flour samples were col-lected from the flour warehouse of food factory in a civil aviation airport. The breeding mites were isolated from the samples by di-rect microscopy and made into specimens to observe with a light microscope. Results Female Blomia tropicalis was found in the collected flour samples. Under the microscope,the mite was nearly spherical,and it had no tergum and claw. Its apodemeⅠwas developed and connected in the midline. The reproductive hole was located between the foot Ⅲand IV level and was cov-ered with a pair of oblique genital folds. The footⅢandⅣhad no solenoids. The copulatory pouch was a long,slightly curved tube,extending from the end of the mite. Conclusions Blomia tropicalis has been found in the flour warehouse of a food factory in the civil aviation airport. The main distinguishing feature of this mite is that it has no tergum,its feet have no pectinate inferi-or tarsus scales or claw,the feetⅠgenu has only one solenidia,and feetⅢandⅣhave no solenidias.

Objective Toexploreinfluencingfactorsoftheulinastatin(UTI)onmyocardialprotection.Methods 120casesofa-cute myocardial infarction(AMI) patients were given UTI at the base of conventional treatment for heart failure like thrombolysis , resistance to shock .The patients were divided into group A (within 12 hours) and group B (after 12 hours) ,and than each group was divided into subdivision small dose (250 kU) ,medium dose (500 kU) ,large dose (1 000 kU) groups .The patients were re-ceived echocardiogram examination ,determination of left ventricular contraction end-diastolic diameter(LVESD ,LVEDD) testing , left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) testing ,each stroke output(SV) ,peak concentration of creatine kinase isoenzyme(CK-MB) after treated for one week .Results Compared with the small dose and after 12 hours groups ,large dose and within 12 hours group caused an increase of cardiac function and density loss of CK-MB peak concentration (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The same cause of myocardial injury ,dose and administration timing will affect the clinical efficacy of UTI .

Objective To assess the implementation of essential public health services (EPHS), and determine the main influencing factors for EPHS in Menglian. Methods In September 2012, the questionnaire survey method was employed to collect the data of EPHS implementation in 2011 in three community medical institutes and the EPHS evaluation of health staff sampled by stratified random sampling in Menglian. Results In 2011, the report rates of infectious diseases epidemics, public health emergencies and health inspection were all 100%, the inoculation rates of most vaccines were over 90%,and the health management rates of the children aged 0 to 6 years,pregnant and lying-in woman,aged population,hypertensives, type 2 diabetes patients and serious psychotics were high (about 85%) . The establishment rate of heath archives (60%to 70%),the controlling rates of blood pressure in the hypertensive population (about 50%), the rates of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes patients (55%to 70%) and the steady rates of serious psychotics (50% to 60%), however, were low. The implementation of EPHS was unbalance among towns, suburbs and outer suburbs. The main factors that influenced the EPHS implementation were inadequate human resources, insufficient or unused health devices, ambiguous responsibilities among the health institutes, non-cooperative behaviors, and unhealthy living habits in rural residents. Conclusions The implementation of many EPHS items is good. For promoting EPHS,it is necessary to train human resources,activiate unused health devices,get support of residents and carry out health education.