Objective To compare the clinical results of femoral head replacement for femoral in- tertrochanteric fractures and femoral neck fractures in aged patients.Methods Forty cases of femoral in- tertrochanteric fractures and 45 cases of femoral neck fractures (aged over 80 years) underwent femoral head re- placement from August 1996 to April 2002 in our department.The clinical results of the two groups were retro- spectively compared and analyzed statistically.Their follow-up periods,ranging from 3 to 7 years,averaged 4.6 years in the intertrochanteric fracture group and 5.5 years in the neck fracture group.Results The differences in time of hospitalization,perioperative blood loss,postoperative drainage,ambulation trine,early compiications be- tween the two groups were of no statistical significance (P＞0.05).The differences in operation time and inequality in leg length after operation between the two groups were of statistical significance (P＜0.05).The operation time was longer and more limb-length inequality occurred in the intertrochanteric fracture group than in the neck fracture group.There was no significant difference in Harris score at the last follow-up between the two groups.The X-ray at the final follow-up showed that there was insignificant difference in postoperative hip joint space,hip pain,or stem loosening between the two groups (P＞0.05).The stem revision incidences were of no statistical significance be- tween the two groups (P＞0.05).The two groups reported no acetabular protrusion.Conclusion With standard cemented prostheses,femoral head replacements can achieve as similar functional outcomes for patients with in- tertrochanteric fractures as for those with femoral neck fractures.

Objective To study the effects of inflammation of blood vessels to microcirculation disturbance in liver of patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB). Methods188 cases of hepatic tissue with CHB were observed by light microscope and electronmicroscope.They were graded according to the inflammation of blood vessels in liver,and to discuss the relationship between the inflammation of blood vessel and microcirculation disturbance. ResultsAccording to the inflammation of blood vessels in liver,188 cases of CHB were divided to 3 grades,67 cases in grade 1,89 cases in grade 2 and 32 cases in grade 3.The rate of hepatic sinusoidal stenosis,hepatic sinusoidal blockage,the formation of microthrombus,decreased sizes and reduced numbers of sinusoidal endothelial cells' penestrate,the formation of collagen in Disse's spaces and the formation of basilar membrane increased along with the aggravation of inflammation of hepatic blood vessels. ConclusionInflammation of hepatic blood vessels was an important factor on microcirculation disturbance in liver of patients with CHB.It should be done something to improve the microcirculation,and decrease inflammation at the same time.

Objective To explore the association between 1425G/A single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of protein kinase Cη gene(PRKCH)and cerebral infarction in Jiangsu Han population.Methods 255 patients with cerebral infarction and 225 controls were recruited in our case-control study.The 1425G/A in PRKCH gene was detected by direct sequencing of PCR products.Data were coded and entered in SPSS Windows(version 13.0).Results The frequencies of the GA+AA genotypes(56.86%)and A allele (36.27%)in cerebral infarct group were significantly higher than those in control group(44.44%and24.67%.χ2=7.377,P=0.007 and χ2=15.104,P<0.01).Further analysis indicated that the genotypes(63.09%)and alleles(40.27%)frequencies were statistically different between lacunar infarction subtype and controls(44.44%and 24.67%;χ2=11.744,P=0.Ol and χ2=20.445,P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis revealed that hypertension,diabetes mellitus.hyperlipidemia and the A allele of 1425G/A polymorphism were independent risky factors for lacunar infarction.Conclusions The SNP 1425G/A in PRKCH is closely associated with cerebral infarction.particularly with lacunar infarction.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the role of the combined periodontic-orthodontic treatment in the esthetic reconstruc- tion of the anterior teeth area following periodontitis.

METHODSThirteen adult patients with anterior teeth displacements were treated. The probing pocket depth (PD; 102 teeth, 612 sites), bleeding on probing (102 teeth, 204 sites), papilla index (PI; 128 papillae), and papillary height (PH; 128 papillae) of each patient were assessed at baseline, 3 months after the initial therapy, and the end of the orthodontic treatment. Non-parametric and paired-sample t tests were carried out for the statistical analysis of the data.

RESULTSThree months after initial therapy, the sites with PD ≤ 3 mm accounted for 79.58% (487/612) of the observed teeth, and 88.73% (181/204) of the buccal and lingual sites of the teeth showed negative bleeding on probing. These findings were better than those at baseline [26.31% (161/612) and 22.06% (45/204), respectively] (P < 0.05), but no sig- nificant difference was observed compared with pro-orthodontic treatment (P > 0.05). Prior to orthodontic treatment, the levels of the PI of 8 and 21 papillae were III and II, respectively, among the 128 observed papillae. After the orthodontic treatment, 51 papillae were at level III and 68 papillae were at level II. The PH of the 102 papillae was 2.84 mm ± 0.62 mm after ortho- dontic treatment. This result indicated significant difference compared with that of pre-orthodontic treatment (1.69 mm ± 0.57 mm) (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAfter initial therapy, moderate orthodontic teeth movements may reconstruct the interproximal soft tissue, with esthetic improvement of the papillary level and resolution of the periodontal defects.

Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; pathology ; Wilms Tumor ; complications ; pathology ; Young Adult

Obiective:To evaluate the effects of various surgical procedures on liver carcinoma accompanied by portal hypertension.Methods:Combined surgical procedures which were performed in 26 patients with liver carcinoma accompanied by portal hypertension in our department between Aug,2002 and Aug,2008 were analysed retrospectively.Results:There was no operative mortality.The postoperative complications developed in 50%(13/26) patients.The postoperative survival rates of 1,2 and 3 years were 84.6%(22/26),57.7%(15/26),34.6%(9/26),respectively.Postoperative upper digestive tract hemorrhage developed in 10 cases.Fifteen patients died during follow-up period,of whom 7 cases died of recurrence of liver carcinoma,2 cases died of liver failure,6 cases died of upper digestive tract hemorrhage.Conclusion:The survival time can be prolonged and the postoperative complications can be reduced through perioperative cares and prudent selection of surgical procedures in patients suffering from concurrent liver cancer and portal hypertension.Combined operation is safe and feasible.

BACKGROUND: Different derivatives of chitosan with different molecular weights or degrees of deacetylation show different anti-tumor effects.OBJECTIVE: To study the inhibition effect of water-soluble chitosan and its derivatives, such as sulfonated chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides for the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC7721.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Controlled experiments based on observation were carried out in Jiangxi Institute of Digestive Disease (Nanchang, Jiangxi, China) from January 2004 to December 2006.MATERIALS: Hepatoma cell line SMMC7721 was provided by Jiangxi Institute of Digestive Disease (China). 85.5% deacetylated chitooligosaccharides and 85% deacetylated water-soluble chitosan were produced by Jinan Haidebei Ocean Biological Engineering Co., Ltd (China); Carboxymethyl chitosan and 88.5% deacetylated chitosan were the products of Shanghai Qisheng Biological Products Co., Ltd (China).METHODS: Sulfonated chitosan was prepared using 88.5% deacetylated chitosan and chlorosulfonic acid-formamide, and then was detected with infrared spectroscopy in the Detection Analysis and Test Center, East China University of Science and Technology. SMMC7721 cells in the log phase were inoculated into 96-well culture plates, which were then added with water-soluble chitosan, sulfonated chitosan, carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides with the final concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800mg/L. This test was repeated for 3 times, while the control group was also set each time. After 72 hours of routine culture, MTT solution was added into each well and inoculated for another 4 hours. After the culture was terminated, dimethyl sulfoxid was added. The absorbance value of each well was measured at 490nm wavelength on a microplate reader. Three tests were measured to obtain the mean value. Also the inhibition rate was calculated.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Growth inhibition effect of chitosan and its derivatives on the hepatoma cell line SMMC7721.RESULTS: Among the chitosan and its derivates at four kinds of concentrations, water-soluble chitosan and sulfonated chitosan could significantly inhibit the growth of SMMC7721 cells (P<0.001), and the effect was the most significant in the case of sulfonated chitosan. Treatment with water-soluble chitosan and sulfonated chitosan at the concentration of 50mg/L could inhibit the growth of SMMC7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and reached a peak at the concentration of 400mg/L and 800mg/L, respectively. Carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides showed no growth inhibition effect (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Water-soluble chitosan and sulfonated chitosan have significant antigrowth effects on hepatoma carcinoma cells, while carboxymethyl chitosan and chitooligosaccharides are ineffective.

Objective:To investigate the expression of MACC1 in Klatskin tumor and the relationship between the clinicopathological features and prognosis and the expression of MACC1.Methods:Immunohistochemistry staining was employed to assess the expression of MACC1 protein in Klatskin tumor tissues and matched adjacent non-tumor bile duct tissues.Quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine MACC1 mRNA expression in Klatskin tumor tissues and the adjacent non-tumor bile duct tissues and normal bile duct tissues.The correlation between MACC1 expression and the clinicopathological features and prognosis was analyzed.Results:The positive rate of MACC1 in Klatskin tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in matched adjacent non-tumor bile duct tissues(P＜0.05).MACC1 mRNA expression in carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in the non-tumor bile duct tissues and normal bile duct tissues(P＜0.05).MACC1 expression in Klatskin tumor tissues was related to tumor size,recurrence and lymphatic metastasis(P＜0.05).Survival analysis indicated that the 1-year,3-year,5-year survival rate were with significantly differences between the two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion:MACC1 expression was significantly higher in Klatskin tumor and it was related to the tumor size,recurrence and lymphatic metastasis.It would affect the prognosis of patients.

To address the continuous emergence of drug-resistant strains of viruses and the outbreaks of novel virus infections, developing new antiviral drugs based on novel strategies has become an important and urgent research topic. In recent years, the rapidly developing multi-specific binding strategy has become a focus and been widely applied in antiviral. This review summarizes the recent progress of the multi-specific binding strategy in the antiviral field from the perspective of medicinal chemistry and discusses existing challenges as well as future opportunities for antiviral drug discovery.

Hepatitis B virus infection is a serious threat to human life and health. The approved anti-HBV drugs including interferons and nucleos(t)ide analogues have serious adverse effect, rebound phenomena after drug withdrawal, and drug resistance. And the cccDNA cannot be completely eliminated by both of them, which is the reason why a complete cure for hepatitis B cannot be achieved. Therefore, developing anti-HBV drugs directly targeting protein or nucleic acid of HBV remains a current public health priority. Based on the analysis of representative literature from the last decade, this article reviews recent developments in small molecule inhibitors directly targeting HBV from a medicinal chemistry perspective.