Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; Congresses as Topic ; Humans

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; psychology ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; trends ; Humans

Australia ; Child ; Child Abuse ; prevention & control ; psychology ; therapy ; trends ; Child Abuse, Sexual ; psychology ; therapy ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo explore the alterations of after depolarization and triggered activity in myocardiac muscle during progression of mouse aortic stenosis.

METHODSAfter the establishment of mouse aortic stenosis model, the heart was collected and intracellular potential was recorded using standard glass microelectrode. After the recording, the action potential (AP), early after depolarization (EAD), delayed after depolarization (DAD) in papillary muscles were analysed.

RESULTS(1) Compared with that of time-matched control mice, there were no changes of the action potoutial duration at 90% repolarization(APD90) in model mice at 2 and 5 weeks, whereas the APD90 was progressively prolonged at 9 and 13 weeks. (2) During the 30 minites of the experiment, spontaneous EADs and DADs were frequently present in medel mice at 9 and 13 weeks, were not in control and model mice at 2 and 5 weeks. (3) Compared with those of control group, EADs and DADs triggered by hypokalaemia or isoproterenol were increased significantly. The incidence rate of triggering EADs and DADs was progressively increased over time.

CONCLUSIONEAD, DAD and trigger activities increase gradually during the process of aortic stenosis, and it suggests that the myocardium electrical-instability is markedly increased in the insult hearts.

Action Potentials ; physiology ; Animals ; Aortic Valve Stenosis ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo find the characteristic parameters from electrocardiogram (ECG) which is most related to pathological progress, surface ECG was performed in mice at 2, 5, 9 and 13 week post surgery.

METHODSElectrocardiogram recordings: The mice were anaesthetized with tribromoethanol (250 mg/kg, i.p.). Lead II surface ECG were acquired by using the Biopac System MP150 at a rate of 5 kHz.

RESULTS(1) No arrhythmia was observed in Sham and 2-week Band mice. Spontaneous arrhythmias were observed in ECG recordings, with an incidence of 15%, 28% and 63% in 5-, 9- and 13-week Band mice, respectively. Tachyarrhythmias, such as frequent premature ventricular extrasystole, bigeminy, trigeminy, and paroxysmal tachycardia were found. (2) Analysis of ECG recordings revealed a significant prolongation of QT and QTc intervals. Compared with age-matched Sham mice, the increment in QT and QTc intervals was 20.4%, 32.7%, 49.7%, 61.0% and 27.1%, 32.1%, 43.9%, 59.1% at 2, 5, 9 and 13 week, respectively (P < 0.01). (3) The characteristic change in electrocardiogram was on the J wave. The amplitude of J wave was upward in Sham mice, and it was significantly flattened or inverted in Band mice. (4) Except that RR interval at 2 week showed a slight decrease, there was no significant change in PR interval and RR interval in Band mice.

CONCLUSIONIn the present study, we found that the increase incidence of spontaneous arrhythmias, prologation of QT interval and changes in the amplitude of the J wave in the surface ECG during progression of mouse cardiac hypertrophy and failure, and the progressive pattern indicated that a gradual aggravation of the ventricular repolarization delay in this mouse model.

Animals ; Cardiomegaly ; physiopathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Electrocardiography ; Male ; Mice

Pancreatic portal hypertension (PPH),which accounts for about 5％ of extrahepatic portal hypertension cases,is mainly caused by pancreatic tumor,chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal lithiasis.The pathogenesis and pathological characteristics of PPH are attributed to anatomical structure between splenic vein and pancreas.It is different from cirrhotic portal hypertension,PPH patients may present with less esophageal and gastric fundus varices,but more significant gastric body varices.The portal vein radiography is recognized as the golden standard for PPH diagnosis.There are two types of treatment modalities for PPH,symptomatic treatment and pathogenesis-based treatment.In clinically,we should take careful consideration into portal hypertension and primary disease,aim to resolve causes and manage complication concurrently.

At present, there is no cure for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to HIV-1 latent reservoirs. Therefore, it urgently requires novel HIV-1 latency-regulating agents with high potency, low toxicity and favorable drug-like properties to achieve a functional cure for AIDS. Herein, we reviewed the advances in HIV-1 latency-regulating agents since 2019, including the drug discovery strategies, bioactivities, and mechanisms of these compounds. It is of great guiding significance in the development of latency-regulating agents with clinical value.

Objective To investigate the roles of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10(PTEN),insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1),and insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R) in the tumorigenesis,development,invasion and metastasis,and prognostic value of gastric cancer.Methods Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expressions of PTEN,IGF-1,and IGF-1R in gastric cancer tissue samples from 74 gastric cancer patients and in normal gastric mucosa of 20 health individuals.All data of these patients were collected including the grading and differentiation of the tumor.Results In gastric cancer,expression of PTEN was decreased,and expressions of IGF-1,and IGF-1R were enhanced.The expressions of PTEN,IGF-1 and IGF-1R had correlation with the outcome and biological behavior of gastric cancer.PTEN expression was higher in no lymph node metastasis group than lymph node metastasis group,higher in stage Ⅰ–Ⅱgroup than stage Ⅲ–Ⅳgroup.IGF-1 and IGF-1R expressions were higher in progressive group than early gastric cancer group,higher in poor differentiation group than moderate and well differentiation group,higher in lymph node metastasis group than no lymph node metastasis group,higher in stage Ⅰ–Ⅱgroup than stage Ⅲ–Ⅳgroup.PTEN-negatively-expressed patients had poor prognosis compared with positively-expressed ones;so did those who expressed IGF-1 and IGF-1R.Conclusion The changes of PTEN,IGF and IGF-1R play roles in gastric cancer genesis,progression and prognostic evaluation.

Objective To evaluate the effect of type Ⅱ odontoid fracture,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture,C2-C3 disc injury on stability of C1-C2 and C2-C3 segments and investigate the clinical significance.Methods Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric cervical specimens (5 men and 5 women; 25-45 years of age,mean 35.7 years) were selected to test the stability of C1-C2 and C2-C3 segments in the settings of intact condition (control group),type Ⅰ Hangman fracture,type Ⅱ odontoid fracture,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture + C2-C3 disc injury.Range of motion (ROM) and neutral zone (NZ) of those segments were measured.Results Compared with the intact condition,type Ⅰ Hangman fracture produced no significant variations in C1-C2 ROM in all loading modes and C2-C3 ROM during left and right lateral bending; type Ⅱ odontoid fracture produced no significant variations in C2-C3 ROM in all loading modes and C1-C2 ROM during left and right rotation; type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture revealed no significant variations in C1-C2 ROM during left and right rotation and C2-C3 ROM during extention; type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture + C2-C3 disc injury produced no significant variations in C1-C2 ROM during left and right lateral bending and extension-flextion and C2-C3 ROM in all loading modes (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Type Ⅰ Hangman fracture can reserve C1-C2 segmental left and right rotation and extension-flextion; type Ⅱ odontoid fracture can reserve C1-C2 segmental left and right lateral bending and extension-flextion; type Ⅰ Hangman fracture + type Ⅱ odontoid fracture + C2-C3 disc injury can reverse atlantoaxial rotationary stability and C1-C3 segmental stability in all directions.This study provides the biomechanical basis for clinical treatments and the related researches of internal fixation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of uncemented fully porous-coated long femoral stems in treating Vancouver type B2 periprosthetic femoral fracture following hip arthroplasty.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on 12 patients (12 hips) with Vancouver type B2 periprosthetic femoral fracture treated using the uncemented fully porous-coated long femoral stem prosthesis combined with cerclage fixation with steal-wire or titanium cable devices from February 2006 to January 2013.There were 5 males and 7 females,aged average 69.8 years (range,62 to 79 years).The status of primary arthroplasty was uncemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty in 2 patients and total hip arthroplasty in 10 patients (2 cement and 8 cementless femoral stems).At the final follow-up,Harris hip score for clinical evaluation,Beals and Tower's criteria for radiological evaluation,and complications were recorded.Results There were no intra-operative complications such as femoral perforation and femoral fracture.All patients were followed up for mean 38 months (range,24-72 months).At the last followup,mean Harris hip score was 87.2 points (range,50 to 100 points).All fractures healed at average 16 weeks (range,12-28 weeks).All the 12 hips showed prosthesis stability despite there was one femoral stem subsidence of 3 mm.One patient slipped and sustained another periprosthetic fracture (Vancouver type B1) at postoperative 4 months and was treated successfully with locking plate and cables.According to the Beals and Tower's criteria,there were 10 excellent,1 good and 1 poor results.Final follow-up revealed no complications of deep vein thrombosis,dislocation and prosthesis loosening.Conclusion Uncemented fully porous-coated long femoral stems provide good primary stability that promotes fracture healing and offers a reasonable treatment of Vancouver B2 femoral periprosthetic fracture.