Purpose To study the expression of livin and caspase-3 protein in pancreatic carcinoma and their correlation with clinicopathologic features and survivial time.Methods High-throughput tissue microarray technique and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of livin and caspase-3 protein in 88 pancreatic carcinoma specimens without a history of chemo-radiation therapy and 11 non tumorous pancreatic tissues,and the relationship of these subjects was analyzed with Spearman rank correlation. Among these 88 cases, 54 cases were followed-up for 2 months to 6 years, whom were used for the prognosis analysis.Results In the 88 cases, the positive rate of livin was 76.1% (67/88); however, the positive expression of caspase-3 was 90.9%(10/11) in non-tumorous pancreatic tissue, which was much higher than that in the cancer (40.9%,36/88), with statistically significant differences(P＜0.01). There were significant relationships of livin protein expression with sex, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05); the expression of caspase-3 protein expression was significantly related to sex, histological grade, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis (P＜0.01). Spearman rank correlation showed a significant correlation between livin and caspase-3 protein (P＜0.01). In 54 cases with followed-up data, univariant analysis revealed that both of livin protein expression and lymph node metastasis were related to the survival rate (P＜0.05), but caspase-3 protein expression, sex, age, tumor location, size, histological grade and TNM stage were unrelated to prognosis (P＞0.05). Furthermore,COX stepwise proportional hazards analysis showed that only livin status retained independent significance in prospecting prognosis of pancreatic carcinoma.Conclusions The expression of livin is associated with clinicopathologic features and prognosis in pancreatic carcinoma. High expression of livin protein indicates poor prognosis, which could become an independent index for the evaluation of prognosis.caspase-3 protein may be involved in the regulation of apoptosis and the progression of pancreatic carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that tanshinone II can improve microcirculation, dilate cerebral blood vessels, increase cerebral blood flow, reduce infarct size, and improve brain function after cerebral metabolic disorder.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of tanshinone II combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation on nerve regeneration folowing cerebral infarction in rats.
METHODS:Rat models of acute cerebral infarction were prepared using the thread occlusion method and then given tanshinone II combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation (combined group), bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation (cel transplantation group), and no treatment (model group), respectively. Neuromotor function was assessed using Longa scores. Expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene around the infarction region was detected using RT-PCR. Cel apoptosis was detected using TUNEL. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to determine peri-cortex Nogo-A and NgR protein expression at the infarction region.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Longa scores, apoptotic index, and expression of Nogo-A and NgR proteins exhibited significant differences among three groups (P< 0.05) as folows: combined group < cel transplantation group < model group. Conversely, the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene was highest in the combined group successively folowed by the cel transplantation group and model group (P< 0.05). These data show that tanshinone II combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation accelerate the recovery of neurologic function and promote nerve regeneration after cerebral infarction by incresing mRNA expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Objective To study the influence of economic level on nutrition intake and status in adult. Methods The survey of income level, and nutrition intake and status of adults in 2000 in the city and rural area of Hunan province was carried out, and was compared with the data of the first survey in 1991. Results With the income increasing, the intake of protein,calcium,iron, retinal EQ and riboflavin increased from 1991 to 2000. In the population with low and middle income, the inadequate intake of calcium, retinal EQ and riboflavin was common. With the economic level being raised, the number of people with overweight or obesity(BMI≥25) increased, especially in city. But the number of people with malnutrition (BMI

BACKGROUND:Cel transplantation becomes a new approach for treatment of cerebral infarction. In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels (BMSCs) have become an important kind of seed cels in cel transplantation.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of fleabane injection combined with BMSC transplantation on S100B protein and superoxide dismutase expression in acute cerebral infarction rats.
METHODS:Animal models of acute cerebral infarction were made in Sprague-Dawley rats using suture method. After successful modeling, 80 model rats were randomly divided into control group, fleabane group, BMSC group and combined group (fleabane combined with BMSC transplantation). Changes of serum S100B protein and serum superoxide dismutase levels were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and xanthine oxidase method, respectively, before and after treatment. NIHSS neurological function scores were measured to observe neurological behavior changes in model rats. The infarct volume was measured by TTC staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 36, 7, 14 days after treatment, S100B protein levels in the fleabane group and BMSC group were significantly lower than that in the control group, but higher than that in the combined group (P <0.05); serum superoxide dismutase levels in the fleabane group and BMSC group were significantly higher than that in the control group, but lower than that in the combined group (P < 0.05). At 1, 2, 3 weeks after treatment, NIHSS neurological function scores were ranked as folows: combined group < fleabane group and BMSC group < control group, and there was a significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). At 2 weeks after treatment, the infarct volume in the fleabane group and BMSC group was higher than that in the combined group but lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that fleabane combined with BMSC transplantation can inhibit the expression of S100B protein in rats with acute cerebral infarction, and promote the activity of superoxide dismutase, thereby playing a neuroprotective role.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of ulinastatin on pathological state of lung tissue and aquaporin 1(AQP-1)and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2),MMP-9 expressions in silicosis rats. METHODS:Wistar rats were divided into normal con-trol group,model group,ulinastatin high-dose,medium-dose,low-dose groups(50×104,10×104,2×104 u/kg),20 in each group. Except for normal control group,rats in other groups were given 40 mg/mL SiO2 suspension 1 mL by non-exposed endotracheal per-fusion to induce silicosis model;1 h before modeling administration,corresponding doses of ulinastatin were intraperitoneally in-jected,for 3 d. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe silicon nodules in lung tissue of rats in each group;immunofluores-cence method was used to detect AQP-1 expression in lung tissue;real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect MMP-2,MMP-9 mRNA expressions in lung tissue;Western blot method was used to detect MMP-2, MMP-9 protein expressions in lung tissue. RESULTS:There were obvious silicon nodules and serious structural damage in lung tis-sue in model group,ulinastatin groups showed macrophage foci visible dust,but pulmonary fibrosis was obviously reduced. Com-pared with normal control group,AQP-1 expression in lung tissue in other groups were reduced,MMP-2,MMP-9 mRNA and pro-tein expressions were enhanced (P<0.05). Compared with model group,AQP-1 expression in lung tissue in ulinastatin groups were increased,MMP-2,MMP-9 mRNA and protein expressions were decreased (P<0.05),in which improvement effects in high-dose,medium-dose groups were superior to low-dose group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Ulinastatin can reduce the patholog-ical state of silicosis rats,increase AQP-1 expression and decrease MMP-2,MMP-9 expressions.

BACKGROUND:The template method used in cementless total hip arthroplasty is influenced by many factors,so the accuracy is poor.Studies demonstrated that femoral isthmus plays an important role in total hip arthroplasty,which affect femoral prosthesis.OBJECTIVE:To discuss the effects of femoral isthmus on cementless total hip arthroplasty.METHODS:The images of 4 cadaver femoral isthmus were obtained by computer tomography.The relations between femoral component and cortical bone contact were observed on coronal slices by sawing manully.The longest and the smallest medullary canal dimensions and the cortical thickness of femoral isthmus were measured by CT films from 50 patients (55 hips) prepared forprimary total hip arthroplasty.The size of prosthesis was predicted based on the smallest medullary canal dimension of isthmus.And the conventional preoperative template was served as control.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There were a press fit and good contact between the femoral component and cortical bone of isthmus in 3 cadaver femoral bones.In 50 patients,the longest medullary canal dimensions of femoral isthmus were 8.2-22.4 mm(mean 14.2±3.1 ram).The smallest medullary canal dimensions of femoral isthmus were 6.1-17.9 mm[mean (10.2±2.9) mm],and the cortical thickness of femoral isthmus were 2.7-12.7 mm[mean (7.5±1.8) mm].The results of CT-isthmus measurement method predicted sizes were excellence in the 50.9% cases.There was statistically significant difference of predicted sizesbetween the excellence rate of CT-isthmus measurement method and the rate of control (P＜0.05).Particularly,the excellence rate of CT-isthmus measurement method was 63.9% in the group aged below or equal to 65 years.When the ratio of the longest medullary canal dimensions and the smallest medullary canal dimensions of femoral isthmus was large than or equal to 1.4,the excellence rate of CT-isthmus measurement method was 70%.The press fit and good contact between the femoral component and femoral isthmus plays a very important role in stabilizing of femoral prosthesis in total hip arthroplasty.The predicted sizes of femoral prosthesis depending on the medullary canal dimensions of femoral isthmus measured by CT film has better accuracy than the conventional preoperative template.

Objective:To determine the protective effect of cardio-pulmonary bypass(CPB) with autologous lung as oxygenator on CPB-relative inflammatory response.Methods:Twelve adult mongrel dogs were randomly divided into control group and study group.Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using a membrane oxygenator (control group) or using the autologous lung (study group) for gas exchange was performed for 120 min in an alternating series of 12 mongrel dogs with the heart arrested for 90 min by crystalloid cardioplegia and 30 min reperfusion.The blood samples were collected at the same time point of pre-operation(T1),60 min of cardiopulmonary bypass(T2),and 1 hour(T3),2 hours(T4) after cardiopulmonary bypass. Plasma concentration of IL-6,IL-10,TNF-α were detected with ELISA.Results:The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,TNF-α in each group were significantly increased at T2,T3,T4.The plasma levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α in study group were significantly lower than in the control group at T2,T3,T4.The plasma levels of IL-10 in study group were significantly higher than the levels in control group at T2,T3,T4.Conclusion:This study indicates that extracorporeal circulation with autologous lung as oxygenator could reduce the increased amplitude of plasma levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-8 whereas enhance the increased amplitude of the plasma IL-10 levels that result from CPB.In other word,extracorporeal circulation with autologous lung as oxygenator possesses the effect to regulate inflammatory cytokine balance and down-regulate CPB-relative inflammatory response.

BACKGROUND:The diagnosis of osteoporosis depends upon the bone mineral density T-score of ≤ -2.5 standard deviation or brittle fractures. Bone mineral density measurement combined with vertebral fracture assessment might prevent the missed diagnosis of osteoporosis due to bone mineral density evaluation alone, and improve the diagnosis rate of osteoporosis.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of bone mineral density measurements combined with vertebral fracture assessment for the diagnosis of osteoporosis.
METHODS:Bone mineral density measurements of proximal femur and vertebral fracture assessment for lateral thoraco-lumbar images were consecutively done for 217 postmenopausal women who aged ≥ 50 years. The rate of osteoporosis diagnosed with bone mineral density T score was compared with that diagnosed with bone mineral density combined with vertebral fracture assessment. The effects of bone mineral density on the vertebral fracture were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:92 (42.4%) patients had bone mineral density T score ≤ -2.5, which met the threshold for diagnosis of osteoporosis. 102 (47.0%) patients had osteopanic (-1>T>-2.5) and 23 (10.6%) had normal range of bone mineral density. 158 patients had no vertebral fractures and 59 (27.2%) patients had 101 vertebral fractures. The vertebral fracture rate was 21.6%in the patients with bone mineral density T> -2.5 and 34.8%in the patients with bone mineral density T ≤ -2.5, with significant differences (P<0.05). Bone mineral density in combination with vertebral fracture assessment for the diagnosis rate of osteoporosis was up to 54.8%, which was significantly higher than the rate diagnosed with only bone mineral density (12.4%;P=0.01). Bone mineral density measurement combined with vertebral fracture assessment improves the diagnosis of osteoporosis for postmenopausal women.

The paper briefly introduced the outpatient and inpatient medical services and medical insurance system in Germany.It also covered the regulatory model and its structure and role of the German medical service,which are characterized ofSociety-led self-governance.Based on the observation and inspiration of this model,the authors came up with.recommendations to improve China' s medical service,medical insurance and regulatory model.

Objective To study the effect of combining recombinet interferon α -2b gel and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) to treat cervical intraepithehal neoplasia (CIN). Methods Prospective, randomly and control study was progressed in 80 patients with CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ. Before carrying out LEEP, all women were performed high-risk HPV DNA detection by the method of HC2. Among them, forty women were. assigned to be the study group, in which the patients were added to use recombinet interferon α -2b gel for three courses of treatment before and after LEEP, the other forty women who carried out LEEP simply were assigned to be the control group. All patients were examined by hquid-based thinprep cytology test (TCT) and colposcopic site-specific biopsies to doubtful focus of infection in the 3rd, 6th, 9th and 12th month after treatment, and judged the effect by using HC2 in the 6th and 12th month after treatment. Results Eighty patients were not detected residue and recidivafion of CIN diagnosed by coiposcopic site-specific biopsies to doubtful focus of infection. In the study group, 3 women were abnormal detected by TCT, 37 women were negative detected by HC2, the negative rate was 92.5% when LEEP ended 6 months. The cure rate was 100.0% when LEEP ended 12 months. In the control group, 21 women were abnormal detected by TCT, 19 women were negative detected by HC2, the negative rate was 47.5% when LEEP ended 6 months, 8 women were negative detected by TCT, 25 women were negative detected by HC2, the cure rate was 62.5% when LEEP ended 12 months.In the 6th and 12th month after LEEP, the difference was distinguished in the cure rate between two groups. Conclusions There is double interrupted effects by combining recombinets interferon α -2b gel and LEEP to treat CIN. It can raise the one-time cure rate of the patients with CIN.