Objective To observe the effect of puerarin on the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in myocardial in scalded rat.Methods Eighty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into the recovery group (group R,n=40),the treatment group (group T,n=40) and the control group (group C,n=8) . The rats in the recovery and the treatment groups were subjected to 30% TBSAⅢdegree scald.Myocardial tissue samples from the group R and group T were harvested at 1,3,6,12,24 postburn hours for the determination of MDA and MPO. The morphological change in the myocardial tissue was observed with transmission electronic microscope.Results (1)In group R,MDA、MPO went up 1 hours after burns,and all attaining the top at 12 hours post burn (P＜0.01).(2)In group T,the indexes above had the same trends as group R.But comparing with group R,MPO and MDA were much lower at 1,3,6,12 hours (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)Comparing with group R,the altrastructural changes were obviously alleviated at 24 hours in group T.Conclusion The production of MDA,MPO in severely burned rats can be inhibited by puerarin,which was beneficial in the management of myocardial injuries after severe burns.

Purpose: The clinical effects of scalp acupuncture in treating infantile cerebral palsy were observed. Methods: Forty-five patients were treated by scalp acupuncture, functional exercise, intravenous drip,and parents' instructive training. Results: Basic recovery occurred in 4 cases, marked effectiveness in 21 cases and effectiveness in 15 cases. The total effective rate was 88.9%. The shorter duration and the longer course were,the better curative effects got. Conclusion: A combined treatment of scalp acupuncture, physiotherapy and intravenous drip can markedly improve clinical symptoms, signs, and intelligence in children with cerebral palsy.

Hepatitis C viral RNA in sera from 10 patients with post-transfusion hepatitis in Shanghai (China) were amplified By the nested PCR with primer sets deduced from the American prototype HCV RNA 5' -untranslated region. Eight of 10 cases (80%) were positive. And manipulations of PCR were simplified by combination of reverse transcription step and the first round PCR reaction. Our results indirectly proved that 5-untranslated region of HCV RNA of Shanghai showed a high degree of comservation and homology compared with isolates from some regions in the world.

Objective To study the effects of ShaJi on the indexes of oxygen metabolism such as coronary blood flow in myocardium of anesthetized thoraco-opened dogs. Methods Dogs were randomly divided into control group,4 and 16 mg?kg-1 ShaJi groups,and positive control group(n=6).The anesthetized thoraco-opened dog models were set up.The administration of intravenous injection was used by femoral vein.The blood pressure,heart rate and coronary blood flow(CBF) were measured.Coronary resistance,myocardial oxygen uptake rate,myocardial oxygen consumption index and myocardial oxygen consumption were calculated.Results Compared with control group,the CBF was increased (P0.05).Conclusion ShaJi can significantly ameliorate oxygen metabolism in myocardium of anesthetized thoraco-opened dogs.

The paper briefly introduced the outpatient and inpatient medical services and medical insurance system in Germany.It also covered the regulatory model and its structure and role of the German medical service,which are characterized ofSociety-led self-governance.Based on the observation and inspiration of this model,the authors came up with.recommendations to improve China' s medical service,medical insurance and regulatory model.

Objective To investigate the effects of Xuebijing injectio (Chinese herb preparation) on intestinal function and inflammatory responses in severe burn patients. Method Thirty-two patients with comparable severity in burn injury were randomly divided into Xuebijing injectio treatment group (n = 16) and control group (n = 16). Patients in both groups received routine burn therapy, while those in Xuebijing treatment group additionally received Xuebijing injectio 100mL in intravenous drip twice a day for 7 days. Before the treatment and on the 3rd and the 7th day after the treatment, blood concentrations of diamine oxidase (DAO), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined in both groups. Analysis was made by SPSS 12.0 software. Results The plasma levels of DAO, LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased in both groups after the treatment. However, the plasma levels of DAO, LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 in the Xuebijing treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group on the 3rd and 7th day after the treatment (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Xuebijing injectio could protect intestinal function, decrease the plasma level of endotoxin and lessen zhe inflammatory responses in severe burn patients.

Objective To explore the dose- and time-responses of BPCBG on the decorporation of uranium and its protective effects for uranium-induced kidney injury in rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomly divided into 4 -7 groups:normal control group,uranium poisoning group,different doses of BPCBG groups and DTPA-CaNa3 group. Rats in chelating agents-treated groups were either injected intramuscularly with 60,120 and 600 μmol/kg of BPCBG or 120 and 600 μmol/kg of DTPA-CaNa3 immediately after intraperitoneal injection of uranyl acetate dihydrate,or injected with 120 μmol/kg of BPCBG 0.5,2 h before or 0,0.5,1 and 2 h after injection of uranium. Uranium poisoning group rats were injected with normal saline after intraperitoneal injection of uranyl acetate dihydrate,and the normal control group rats were merely injected with normal saline. The uranium content in urine,kidney and femurs were detected 24 h after chelator injections by ICP-MS method.After injecting a dose of 500 μg uranyl acetate dihydrate,rats were injected with 600 μmol/kg of BPCBG or 1200 μmol/kg of DTPA-CaNa3. Histopathological changes in the kidney and serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were examined 48 h after chelator administration.Results Prompt injections of BPCBG resulted in 37％ -61％ ( t =2.22,4.43,5.80,P ＜ 0.05 ) increase in 24 h-urinary uranium excretion,and significantly decreased the levels of uranium in kidney and bone by 59％ -69％ (t=3.33,5-59,4-53,P＜0.01) and 14％ -58％ (t =2.15,8.70,9.10,P ＜ 0.05 ) respectively in a dose-dependent manner. BPCRG injection obviously reduced the severity of the uranium-induced histological alterations in the kidney,which was in parallel with the amelioration noted in serum indicators,serum creatinine and urea nitrogen,of uranium nephrotoxicity.Advanced 0.5 h or delayed 0.5 and 1 h administrations of BPCBG were effective in 24 h-urinary uranium excretion ( advanced 0.5 h:t =4.34,delayed 0.5 h:t =3.35,P ＜ 0.05 ),decreasing accumulation of kidney uranium ( t =5.75,7.74,5.87,P ＜ 0.05 ) and accumulation of hone uranium (t =6.43,5.222,2.60,P ＜0.05),but the efficacy decreased with the interval time between uranium and BPCBG injection. Although DTPA-CaNa3 markedly reduced uranium retention in kidney (120,600 μmol/kg,t =2.28,3.35,P ＜ 0.05 ),its efficacy in uranium removal was significantly lower than that of BPCBG,and it had no protective effects against uranium-induced nephrotoxicity.Conclusions BPCBG can effectively decorporate uranium from rats and protect against uranium-induced kidney injury of rats.

Objective To investigate the radiosensitization effect of antihelminthic niclosamide on human triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells and the potential mechanism related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Methods Four methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was used to measure the effect of niclosamide on cell viability at different concentrations and 50％ inhibitory concentration(IC50)value was calculated.MDA-MB-231 cells were divided into 4 groups:untreated control,niclosamide treatment alone group,radiation alone group and niclosamide plus radiation treatment group.The cells with or without 1.0 and 1.5 μmol/L niclosamide pre-treatment were irradiated with 137Cs γ-rays at doses of 0,2,4 and 6 Gy.Cell survival was assayed with the colony formation method,radiation-induced γH2AX foci was analyzed with immunofluorescence,cell cycle progression was assayed with flow cytometry,and the changes of phospho-and non-phospho-β-catenin and Cyclin D1 protein expressions were measured with Western blot.Results Niclosamde obviously inhibited the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dosedependent manner with a IC50 value of 13.63 μmol/L.Pretreatment of cells with 1.0 and 1.5 μmol/L niclosamide evidently enhanced the radiosensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to γ-rays,and the values of SER were 1.37 and 1.62,respectively.Niclosamide pretreatment significantly increased radiation-induced γH2AX foci formation(t =3.91,P ＜0.05),diminished the radiation-induced G2/M arrest(t =8.05,P ＜0.01),and inhibited radiation-induced expressions of phospho-β-catenin (S675),non-phospho-β-catenin and Cyclin D1 proteins in MDA-MB-231 cells.Conclusions Niclosamide significantly can enhance the sensitivity of MDA-MB-231 cells to γ-ray irradiation through inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,which results in the inhibition of DNA DSBs repair and the reduction of radiation-induced G2/M arrest.Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may serve as an ideal molecular target for radiosensitization of triplenegative breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB) induced by high-LET α-particle irradiation and their relationship with chromatin structure in the G0 lymphocytes of human peripheral blood,in order to provide the experimental basis for the judgement and dose evaluation of internal α-particle radiation.Methods Peripheral whole blood were collected from four healthy adults and lymphocytes were separated.A monocellular layer of human lymphocytes attached in Mylar film were irradiated with 0 and 0.5 Gy of α-particles and the lymphocytes suspensions were irradiated with 0 and 0.5 Gy of γ-rays.The formations of γH2AX foci as a surrogate marker of DSB and Rad51 foci as a marker of homologous recombination (HR) repair and their spatial localization in chromatin structure were measured by immunofluorescence staining technique at 10 min-48 h post-irradiation.Results Linear-γH2AX foci tracks were observe at 10 min-2 h post-irradiation in lymphocytes exposed to α-particle irradiation(t =11.12,14.40,16.56,P ＜ 0.05),and almost completely disppeared at 6 h postirradiation.The frequencies of γH2AX foci peaked at 30 min after α-particle irradiation (t =51.72,P ＜0.05) and then decreased rapidly during 6 h post-irradiation (t =29.83,P ＜ 0.05).The average number of foci remained only about 16％ at 24-48 h post-irradiation.Moreover,27％ of γH2AX foci located at DAPI-bright heterochromatin region at 10 min after α-particle radiation,suggesting that the efficacy of DSB repair may be decreased.In contrast,at 10 min-48 h after γ-ray irradiation,no linear γH2AX foci track was observed and the γH2AX foci diffused randomly in nucleus and predominantly located in DAPI-weak euchromatin region.The numbers of formative and residual γH2AX foci after γ-ray irradiation were significantly less than those after α-particle radiation.During 30 min-2 h after α-particle and γ-ray irradiation,the frequencies of Rad51 foci slightly but not significantly increased in comparison with background level,and the frequencies of co-localization of Rad51 foci and γH2AX foci were only 3％-8％.Conclusions The formation of linear γH2AX foci tracks induced by high-LET α-particle irradiation in Go human lymphocyte could be used as biological indicator to estimate whether a person has been exposed to internal α-particle radiation.Prolonged persistence of residual γH2AX foci may be applicable for biological dosimetry.

Objective To investigate the effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and β-catenin signaling on the human renal proximal tubular epithelial HK-2 cell injury induced by depleted uranium(DU),and provide a new enlightenment for the development of DU antidotes.Methods H K-2 cells were exposed to different concentrations of DU for 3-24 h,then the protein expressions of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1),neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and nuclear β-catenin were detected by immunofluorescence staining.The protein expressions of p-GSK-3 β(S9),GSK-3β and cmyc were detected by Western blot assay.HK-2 cells were transiently transfected by GSK-3β (KD) plasmid or treated by TDZD-8 to inhibit the activity of GSK-3β specifically.Other HK-2 cells were transiently transfected by β-catenin plasmid to overexpress the β-catenin protein.Results The percentages of KIM-1 and NGAL-positive cells increased with DU exposure time and concentrations from 300 and 600 μmol/L,and they were significantly higher than those of the blank control at 6-24 h of DU exposure (KIM-1-positive cells:t =11.06,18.97,30.49,P ＜0.05;t =6.79,16.02,85.45,P ＜ 0.05;NGAL-positive cells:t =11.78,11.37,34.29,P ＜0.05;t =7.34,21.63,36.84,P ＜0.05).In contrast,the ratio of p-GSK-3β (S9) to GSK-3β and percentage of nuclear β-catenin-positive cells were significantly higher than that of the blank control at 3-24 h of DU exposure (p-GSK-3β(S9)/GSK-3β:t =3.95,4.69,5.40,3.34,P ＜ 0.05;nuclear β-catenin-positive cells:t =4.61,6.52,36.64,14.93,P ＜ 0.05) with a maximum response at 9 h of DU exposure accompanied with corresponding increase of protein level of c-myc,a downstream target gene of β-catenin.Transient transfection of HK-2 cells with GSK-3β (KD) plasmid significantly inhibited the activity of GSK-3β (t =8.07,P ＜ 0.05) and reduced the DU-increased percentage of KIM-1-positive cells (t =24.77,P ＜ 0.05).Treatment cells with TDZD-8 inhibited the activity of GSK-3β and enhanced the percentage of nuclear β-catenin-positive cells,and it also significantly reduced the percentage of KIM-1-positive cells in HK-2 cells exposed to DU (t =6.25,6.73,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,overexpression of β-catenin significantly reduced DU-induced cell injury (t =7.48,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling plays a key role in regulating the DU-induced cytotoxicity of HK-2 cells.Inhibition of GSK-3β activity and overexpression of β-catenin can protect the HK-2 cells from DU-induced damage.