Objective To observe the effect of puerarin on the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in myocardial in scalded rat.Methods Eighty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into the recovery group (group R,n=40),the treatment group (group T,n=40) and the control group (group C,n=8) . The rats in the recovery and the treatment groups were subjected to 30% TBSAⅢdegree scald.Myocardial tissue samples from the group R and group T were harvested at 1,3,6,12,24 postburn hours for the determination of MDA and MPO. The morphological change in the myocardial tissue was observed with transmission electronic microscope.Results (1)In group R,MDA、MPO went up 1 hours after burns,and all attaining the top at 12 hours post burn (P＜0.01).(2)In group T,the indexes above had the same trends as group R.But comparing with group R,MPO and MDA were much lower at 1,3,6,12 hours (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).(3)Comparing with group R,the altrastructural changes were obviously alleviated at 24 hours in group T.Conclusion The production of MDA,MPO in severely burned rats can be inhibited by puerarin,which was beneficial in the management of myocardial injuries after severe burns.

Objective To investigate the effects of Xuebijing injectio (Chinese herb preparation) on intestinal function and inflammatory responses in severe burn patients. Method Thirty-two patients with comparable severity in burn injury were randomly divided into Xuebijing injectio treatment group (n = 16) and control group (n = 16). Patients in both groups received routine burn therapy, while those in Xuebijing treatment group additionally received Xuebijing injectio 100mL in intravenous drip twice a day for 7 days. Before the treatment and on the 3rd and the 7th day after the treatment, blood concentrations of diamine oxidase (DAO), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined in both groups. Analysis was made by SPSS 12.0 software. Results The plasma levels of DAO, LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 were decreased in both groups after the treatment. However, the plasma levels of DAO, LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 in the Xuebijing treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group on the 3rd and 7th day after the treatment (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Xuebijing injectio could protect intestinal function, decrease the plasma level of endotoxin and lessen zhe inflammatory responses in severe burn patients.

Purpose: The clinical effects of scalp acupuncture in treating infantile cerebral palsy were observed. Methods: Forty-five patients were treated by scalp acupuncture, functional exercise, intravenous drip,and parents' instructive training. Results: Basic recovery occurred in 4 cases, marked effectiveness in 21 cases and effectiveness in 15 cases. The total effective rate was 88.9%. The shorter duration and the longer course were,the better curative effects got. Conclusion: A combined treatment of scalp acupuncture, physiotherapy and intravenous drip can markedly improve clinical symptoms, signs, and intelligence in children with cerebral palsy.

The paper briefly introduced the outpatient and inpatient medical services and medical insurance system in Germany.It also covered the regulatory model and its structure and role of the German medical service,which are characterized ofSociety-led self-governance.Based on the observation and inspiration of this model,the authors came up with.recommendations to improve China' s medical service,medical insurance and regulatory model.

Objective To explore the dose- and time-responses of BPCBG on the decorporation of uranium and its protective effects for uranium-induced kidney injury in rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley (SD) male rats were randomly divided into 4 -7 groups:normal control group,uranium poisoning group,different doses of BPCBG groups and DTPA-CaNa3 group. Rats in chelating agents-treated groups were either injected intramuscularly with 60,120 and 600 μmol/kg of BPCBG or 120 and 600 μmol/kg of DTPA-CaNa3 immediately after intraperitoneal injection of uranyl acetate dihydrate,or injected with 120 μmol/kg of BPCBG 0.5,2 h before or 0,0.5,1 and 2 h after injection of uranium. Uranium poisoning group rats were injected with normal saline after intraperitoneal injection of uranyl acetate dihydrate,and the normal control group rats were merely injected with normal saline. The uranium content in urine,kidney and femurs were detected 24 h after chelator injections by ICP-MS method.After injecting a dose of 500 μg uranyl acetate dihydrate,rats were injected with 600 μmol/kg of BPCBG or 1200 μmol/kg of DTPA-CaNa3. Histopathological changes in the kidney and serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were examined 48 h after chelator administration.Results Prompt injections of BPCBG resulted in 37％ -61％ ( t =2.22,4.43,5.80,P ＜ 0.05 ) increase in 24 h-urinary uranium excretion,and significantly decreased the levels of uranium in kidney and bone by 59％ -69％ (t=3.33,5-59,4-53,P＜0.01) and 14％ -58％ (t =2.15,8.70,9.10,P ＜ 0.05 ) respectively in a dose-dependent manner. BPCRG injection obviously reduced the severity of the uranium-induced histological alterations in the kidney,which was in parallel with the amelioration noted in serum indicators,serum creatinine and urea nitrogen,of uranium nephrotoxicity.Advanced 0.5 h or delayed 0.5 and 1 h administrations of BPCBG were effective in 24 h-urinary uranium excretion ( advanced 0.5 h:t =4.34,delayed 0.5 h:t =3.35,P ＜ 0.05 ),decreasing accumulation of kidney uranium ( t =5.75,7.74,5.87,P ＜ 0.05 ) and accumulation of hone uranium (t =6.43,5.222,2.60,P ＜0.05),but the efficacy decreased with the interval time between uranium and BPCBG injection. Although DTPA-CaNa3 markedly reduced uranium retention in kidney (120,600 μmol/kg,t =2.28,3.35,P ＜ 0.05 ),its efficacy in uranium removal was significantly lower than that of BPCBG,and it had no protective effects against uranium-induced nephrotoxicity.Conclusions BPCBG can effectively decorporate uranium from rats and protect against uranium-induced kidney injury of rats.

Hepatitis C viral RNA in sera from 10 patients with post-transfusion hepatitis in Shanghai (China) were amplified By the nested PCR with primer sets deduced from the American prototype HCV RNA 5' -untranslated region. Eight of 10 cases (80%) were positive. And manipulations of PCR were simplified by combination of reverse transcription step and the first round PCR reaction. Our results indirectly proved that 5-untranslated region of HCV RNA of Shanghai showed a high degree of comservation and homology compared with isolates from some regions in the world.

Objective To study the effects of ShaJi on the indexes of oxygen metabolism such as coronary blood flow in myocardium of anesthetized thoraco-opened dogs. Methods Dogs were randomly divided into control group,4 and 16 mg?kg-1 ShaJi groups,and positive control group(n=6).The anesthetized thoraco-opened dog models were set up.The administration of intravenous injection was used by femoral vein.The blood pressure,heart rate and coronary blood flow(CBF) were measured.Coronary resistance,myocardial oxygen uptake rate,myocardial oxygen consumption index and myocardial oxygen consumption were calculated.Results Compared with control group,the CBF was increased (P0.05).Conclusion ShaJi can significantly ameliorate oxygen metabolism in myocardium of anesthetized thoraco-opened dogs.

Objective To explore the correlation between the posterior vertebral muscle group aging degeneration and body mass index (BMI) in normal middle-aged and elderly women.Methods One hundred and fifteen women(48-75 years old) were divided into the middle-aged group (＜60 years old) and elderly group (≥60 years old).The muscle area of posterior vertebral muscle group and fat area at lumbar levels L3 were measured by quantitative computed tomography (QCT).The muscle fat infiltration (MFI),e.g.fat area/(muscle area + fat area),was calculated.The differences between the two groups were compared by using independent-samples t test.The correlation and linear regression analysis were used for analyzing the correlations between the muscle area,fat area and MFI with age and BMI.Results The BMI had no statistical difference between the two groups (P＞0.05),while the muscle area of posterior vertebral muscle group,fat area and MFI had statistical difference (t=2.182,-1.997,-2.604,P=0.031,0.048,0.010);the correlation and linear regression analysis showed that controlling the body height,body mass factor and age were positively correlated with the fat area of posterior vertebral muscle group and MFI(r=0.275,0.320,t=2.915,3.445,P=0.004,0.001),while had no obvious correlation with the muscle area(r=-1.109,P =0.270);controlling age factor and BMI were positively correlated with the fat area of posterior vertebral muscle group and MFI(r=0.361,0.307,t=3.945,3.277,P≤0.001),while had no obvious correlation with the muscle area(t=1.653,P=0.101).Conclusion In middle-aged and elderly women,the fat content of posterior vertebral muscle group is increased with the age increase.In evaluating the degeneration,especially greater body mass,the fat content of muscles and their proportion have more significance than the muscle area.

This study is to assess the efficacy of BPCBG on the decorporation of uranium (VI) and protecting human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) against uranium-induced damage. BPCBG at different doses was injected intramuscularly to male SD rats immediately after a single intraperitoneal injection of UO2(CH3COO)2. Twenty-four hours later uranium contents in urine, kidneys and femurs were measured by ICP-MS. After HK-2 cells were exposed to UO2(CH3COO)2 immediately or for 24 h followed by BPCBG treatment at different doses for another 24 or 48 h, the uranium contents in HK-2 cells were measured by ICP-MS, the cell survival was assayed by cell counting kit-8 assay, formation of micronuclei was determined by the cytokinesis-block (CB) micronucleus assay and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) oxidation. DTPA-CaNa3 was used as control. It was found that BPCBG at dosages of 60, 120, and 600 micromol kg(-1) resulted in 37%-61% increase in 24 h-urinary uranium excretion, and significantly decreased the amount of uranium retention in kidney and bone to 41%-31% and 86%-42% of uranium-treated group, respectively. After HK-2 cells that had been pre-treated with UO2(CH3COO)2 for 24 h were treated with the chelators for another 24 h, 55%-60% of the intracellular uranium was removed by 10-250 micromol L(-1) of BPCBG. Treatment of uranium-treated HK-2 cells with BPCBG significantly enhanced the cell survival, decreased the formation of micronuclei and inhibited the production of intracellular ROS. Although DTPA-CaNa3 markedly reduced the uranium retention in kidney of rats and HK-2 cells, its efficacy of uranium removal from body was significantly lower than that of BPCBG and it could not protect uranium-induced cell damage. It can be concluded that BPCBG effectively decorporated the uranium from UO2(CH3COO)2-treated rats and HK-2 cells, which was better than DTPA-CaNa3. It could also scavenge the uranium-induced intracellular ROS and protect against the uranium-induced cell damage. BPCBG is worth further investigation.

Objective To investigate the effects of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and β-catenin signaling on the human renal proximal tubular epithelial HK-2 cell injury induced by depleted uranium(DU),and provide a new enlightenment for the development of DU antidotes.Methods H K-2 cells were exposed to different concentrations of DU for 3-24 h,then the protein expressions of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1),neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and nuclear β-catenin were detected by immunofluorescence staining.The protein expressions of p-GSK-3 β(S9),GSK-3β and cmyc were detected by Western blot assay.HK-2 cells were transiently transfected by GSK-3β (KD) plasmid or treated by TDZD-8 to inhibit the activity of GSK-3β specifically.Other HK-2 cells were transiently transfected by β-catenin plasmid to overexpress the β-catenin protein.Results The percentages of KIM-1 and NGAL-positive cells increased with DU exposure time and concentrations from 300 and 600 μmol/L,and they were significantly higher than those of the blank control at 6-24 h of DU exposure (KIM-1-positive cells:t =11.06,18.97,30.49,P ＜0.05;t =6.79,16.02,85.45,P ＜ 0.05;NGAL-positive cells:t =11.78,11.37,34.29,P ＜0.05;t =7.34,21.63,36.84,P ＜0.05).In contrast,the ratio of p-GSK-3β (S9) to GSK-3β and percentage of nuclear β-catenin-positive cells were significantly higher than that of the blank control at 3-24 h of DU exposure (p-GSK-3β(S9)/GSK-3β:t =3.95,4.69,5.40,3.34,P ＜ 0.05;nuclear β-catenin-positive cells:t =4.61,6.52,36.64,14.93,P ＜ 0.05) with a maximum response at 9 h of DU exposure accompanied with corresponding increase of protein level of c-myc,a downstream target gene of β-catenin.Transient transfection of HK-2 cells with GSK-3β (KD) plasmid significantly inhibited the activity of GSK-3β (t =8.07,P ＜ 0.05) and reduced the DU-increased percentage of KIM-1-positive cells (t =24.77,P ＜ 0.05).Treatment cells with TDZD-8 inhibited the activity of GSK-3β and enhanced the percentage of nuclear β-catenin-positive cells,and it also significantly reduced the percentage of KIM-1-positive cells in HK-2 cells exposed to DU (t =6.25,6.73,P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,overexpression of β-catenin significantly reduced DU-induced cell injury (t =7.48,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling plays a key role in regulating the DU-induced cytotoxicity of HK-2 cells.Inhibition of GSK-3β activity and overexpression of β-catenin can protect the HK-2 cells from DU-induced damage.