Objective To Study the method for determination of aluminium in water by spectrophotometry of Be ryllon Ⅲ. Methods Be ryllon Ⅲ reacts on aluminium in oppropriate temperature and acidity in water and produces a red complex compound?The red complex compound can be determined by spectrophotometry. Results The optimum reaction temperature was 85 ℃, the optimum reaction time was 5 min, pH of buffer was 6.1, Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 0-0.02 mg/L for aluminium, rates of recovery were 80.0%-96.0% and RSD was 0.70%. Conclusion This method is accurate, simple, sensitive and repeatable.

Objective　To review the experience in the management of burned patients inflicted by inhalation injury in our institute in the past 42 years. Methods　Patients with inhalation injury were analyzed chronically in three different periods as 1958 to 1980, 1981 to 1990, and 1991 to 2000. Results　The mortality rates in general and in terms of different degrees decreased obviously with the elapse of time. In other words, the rates were 48.93%, 26.60% and 8.53 for the above three periods. Conclusion　The mortality of inhalation injury was decreased dramatically during the last decade in our institute. Five main measures consisting of inhalation of high concentration or pure oxygen, preventive tracheotomy, frequent tracheal lavage with small amount of lavage fluid at early stage of postburn, mechanical ventilation with PEEP and humidification as early as possible, and application of exogenous pulmonary surfactant contribute greatly to the decrement of death rate in the patients with inhalation injury.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety of induction chemotherapy and the implementation method of consolidation radiotherapy in young children with high-risk Hodgkin lymphoma(HL),by evaluating the effects of intensive induction chemother-apy on consolidation radiotherapy. METHODS:Six pediatric patients with high-risk HL received low-dose involved field radiation therapy (IFRT) via volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) following 6 cycles of intensive chemotherapy [Ara-C/VP16 (cyto-sine arabinoside+etoposide),ABVE-PC(adriamycin+bleomycin+leurocristine+etoposide+metacortandracin+cyclophosphamide)and CHOP(cyclophosphamide+leurocristine+adriamycin+ prednisone)in turn]. Therapeutic efficacy and toxic effects were evaluated af-ter treatment. RESULTS:Intensive induction chemotherapy and consolidation radiotherapy were acceptable by young children,and mild acute or subacute toxic reaction were observed. Intensive induction chemotherapy didn’t affect toxic effects of consolidation ra-diotherapy. In this regimen,the cumulative doses of bleomycin and adriamycin were 20 mg/m2 and 270 mg/m2,respectively. VMAT optimized plan to ensure that the dose that involved organs received was safe. In the patient with mediastional radiation therapy,the mean lung and heart doses were 525.6 cGy and 503.9 cGy,respectively. CONCLUSIONS:It is safe to give high-risk HL young children 6 cycles of intensive induction chemotherapy(Ara-C/VP16,ABVE-PC and CHOP in turn)before radiotherapy. It is feasi-ble to conduct IFRT with 18-20 Gy and an additional 20-25 Gy boost,1.5-1.8 Gy/fraction. VMAT deserves to be advised.

Objective: To study the treatment of experimental lung metastasis by intratracheal injection of IL 18 gene recombinant adenovirus. Methods: (1)The mouse IL 18 mRNA was detected by RT PCR, the concentrations of IL 18, associated cytokines in lung lavage and blood were determined by ELISA at different times after intratracheal injection of IL 18 recombinant adenovirus. (2)The lung metastasis nodes, mouse survival period, survival rates were investigated in the treatment of experimental lung metastasis in C57BL/6 mouse model. The NK activity and CTL activity were determined by 51 Cr 4 h release method. Results: (1)The IL 18 mRNA could be detected in lung tissue 6 h after intratracheal use of IL 18 recombinant adenovirus, and the concentrations of IL 18 in lung lavage was higher than that of peripheral blood, and both IL 18 mRNA and IL 18 could not be detected in control groups. (2)Intratracheal use of IL 18 recombinant adenovirus had significant therapeutic effect on experimental lung metastasis with the results of increased CTL and NK activity, and with longer survival period and higher survival rates compared with the control groups. Conclusion: Intratracheal usage of adenovirus vector containing IL 18 gene has therapeutic effect on the lung metastasis, denoting that gene therapy of lung diseases can be done through airway directly with recombinant adenovirus.

Infection is the most common complication and the most common cause of death in burn patients. It is very important to employ anti-infection measures reasonably and effectively for victims of major burns. However, a consensus of opinion of how to use systemic antibiotics in prophylaxis of infection in the early stage of burn is still lacking. The indications of the early systemic use of prophylactic antibiotics are discussed in this article.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis ; methods ; Burns ; complications ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Wound Infection ; chemically induced ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the changes of immunity in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). Methods HIFU system was used to treat 21 patients with mid-advanced HCC. The blood tests of cellular and humoral immunity related indexes were made before and on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st day following the sonication. The histological changes of the target lesions were observed by light and electron microscope for the cases undergoing second stage operation. Results Light and electron microscope all revealed that HIFU could lead to irreversible changes in the tumor cells of the target lesions. There were not significant differences between the values of CD 3, CD 4, CD 8, CD 16, IgG, IgA, IgM,etc. before and after the ablation. Conclusions HIFU could destroy the tissues of HCC effectively. HIFU could not change the immunity of the patients with mid-advanced HCC remarkably. It may be ideal to unite immunotherapy and the other methods to get a sound clinical prognosis for HCC patients.

Objective To investigate the effects and the mechanism of tirofiban administration in myocardial ischemical reperfusion injury(MIRI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). Method The study included 158 STEMI Patients who accepted primary PCI therapy and were randomly (random number) divided into two groups: tirofiban administration group and control group. Incidence of MIRI during PCI, Correct TIMI frame count(CTFC), ST segment resolution(STR), peak value and peak time of MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase( CK-MB), and incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) during 30 days postoperation in both groups were measured. Results Tirofiban administration group was superior to control group in terms of incidence of MIRI, CTFC, STR, peak value and peak time of CK-MB, and incidence of MACE during 30 days postoperation (P < 0.05). Multiple factor logistic regression analysis indicated that intravenous tirofiban administration before primary PCI was the independently protective factor for MIRI. Conclusions Intravenous tirofiban administration in patients with STEMI before primary PCI can significantly decrease the incidence of MIRI,reduce myocardial damage and improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the effect of stress-induced hyperglycemia (SHG) on myocardial perfusion and clinical prognosis in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods 348 elderly patients with first-time occurrence of acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent primary PCI within 12 hours from June 2008 to June 2010 were enrolled and followed up.All patients were divided into three groups according to serum glucose (SG) on admission:normal group (SG＜ 7.0 mmol/L,n=112);SG elevation group (7.0 mmol/L≤SG≤11.1 mmol/L,n=128) and (steady high blood glucose) SHG group (SG＞11.1 mmol/L,n=108).Myocardial perfusion indexes,including ST segment resolution (STR),TIMI myocardial perfusion grade (TMPG),peak value of creatine kinase CK-MB,left ventricular ejection (LVEF),and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) of patients in three groups,were measured and compared after emergency PCI.Results The blood glucose levels were increased,ST-elevation 2 h after PCI were well declined,the percentages of patients with TMPG 2-3 were decreased and peak values of CK-MB were increased in the three groups (all P＜0.01).After 12 months of follow-up,Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients of three groups had significantly different cumulative non-events survival rates [89.3％ (100/112) vs.85.9％ (110/128),76.3％ (83/108),P＜0.05].Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that steady high blood glucose were the independent predictor for the occurrence of MACE in patients undergoing PCI after adjusting for age and gender,and the risk of MACE was increased by 5.811 folds in SHG group as compared with normal group (P＜0.01).Conclusions Stress induced hyperglycemia in elderly patients with STEMI can decrease myocardial perfusion level after primary PCI,which will lead to high incidence of MACE.

AIM:To evaluate the effect of mycoplasma on the rRNA composition of mature ribosomes in human cell lines.METHODS:We isolated ribosome nascent-chain complex ( RNC) from multiple mycoplasma-positive-negative human cell lines.RNC-RNA was acquired from each cell line through RNA extraction, followed by agarose gel separation, fluorescent visualization and gray-scale value measurements on the rRNA bands.Western blot analysis was performed to in-vestigate the MAPK pathway alterations.RESULTS:In various human cell lines derived from different tissues, we found that as compared with mycoplasma-negative cells, mycoplasma-positive cells showed aberrant RNC-rRNA band patterns, featured by the decreases in 28S and 18S eukaryotic rRNAs and the increases in 16S and other unknown prokaryotic rRNAs.When cultured without ciprofloxacin, mycoplasma-negative HBE cells acquired mycoplasma contamination as ob-served with such characteristic abnormal rRNA bands.The ciprofloxacin treatment was able to recover the RNC-rRNA bands of the mycoplasma-contaminated cells to the normal pattern.The results of Western blot analysis on total and phos-phorylated proteins indicated that p38 pathway was significantly deactivated in mycoplasma-infected A549 cells, while ERK1/2 pathway was not significantly altered.CONCLUSION:Mycoplasma contamination severely alters the RNC-rRNA composition via p38 MAPK pathway, thus seriously impacting on the host cell translational behaviors.

Objective To understand the diagnostic values of procalcitonin (PCT),C-reactive protein (CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR),white blood cell (WBC) and neutmphilic granulocyte ratio (NE％) in distinguishing concurrent bacterial infection from idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (ⅡM).Methods Clinical data and laboratory examinations of 118 ⅡM patients were collected.The ⅡM patients were assigned to the bacterial infection group (n=66) or the non-infection group (n=52).The levels of PCT,CRP,ESR,WBC and NE％ were compared by the Mann-Whitney U tests between the two groups and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated in order to evaluate the diagnostic value.Results The levels of PCT (0.06 ng/ml,0.03 ng/ml,U=2.637,P＜0.01);CRP (15.80 mg/L,4.40 mg/L,U=5.944,P＜0.01);ESR (43.50 mm/1 h,27.00 mm/1 h,U=2.266,P＜0.05);WBC (9.85×109/L,7.70×109/L,U=2.675,P＜0.01) and NE％ (80.70％,75.75％,U=2.344,P＜0.01) were significantly higher in the ⅡM patient group with concurrent infection than in the noninfection ⅡM patient group.CRP showed the highest diagnostic value with sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 72.7％,82.7％,84.2％ and 70.5％,respectively.Conclusion The inflammatory biomarkers PCT,CRP,ESR,WBC and NE％ offer diagnostic accuracy in detecting bacterial infection in ⅡM patients.Particularly,CRP is the most sensitive and specific biomarker indetecting bacterial infection in ⅡM patients.