Objective To explore the applied value of combined measurement of cystatin c (Cys-C) ,fibrinogen(Fbg) and U-mALB in early renal damage due to diabetes .Methods 97 cases of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) patients were divided into 2 groups according to the measured glycated hemoglobin HbA 1c ,serum glucose well control group (46 cases ,HbA1c≤8% ) ,and ser-um glucose poor control group (51 cases ,HbA1c>8% ) .39 healthy people were randomly selected as control group .The concentra-tion of Cys-C ,Fbg and U-mALB were detected .Results Cys-C ,Fbg and U-mALB of serum glucose poor control group were higher than that of glucose well control group and control group (P<0 .01) .Cys-C and U-mALB of glucose well control group were high-er than the control group (P<0 .01) .As a single positive marker of diagnosis ,the sensitivity for serum Cys-C ,serum Fbg ,and U-mALB were 73 .6% ,71 .4% and 61 .5 % respectively .The positive rate of combined detection was 97 .0% ,which was significantly higher than that of the individual testing (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Combined measurement of Cys-C ,Fbg and U-mALB has impor-tant clinical value for diagnosis and condition monitoring in early renal damage .

Objective To explore the features of sex hormones and insulin resistance and to analyse the relation between these features and ultrasonographic data in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) .Methods 120 patients with PCOS diagnosed and treated in hospital from April 2010 to December 2013 were enrolled as PCOS group ,and 50 healthy persons as control group ,in both groups ,ovarian stromal area(SA) ,ovarian total area(TA) and SA/TA ratio were measured by ultrasonography ,and serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) ,luteinizing hormone(LH) ,LH/FSH ratio ,estradiol(E2) ,testosterone(TESTO) ,and prolactin(PRL) were assayed .Fasting plasma glucose(FPG) and fasting insulin(FIN) were measured ,and homeostasis model as‐sessment for insulin resistance(HOMA‐IR)was calculated in the PCOS group .Results the serum levels of LH ,LH/FSH ratio , TESTO ,SA ,and SA/TA ratio in the PCOS group were higher than that of the control group .SA and SA/TA ratio were correlated positively with LH ,LH/FSH ,TESTO ,and HOMA‐IR in the PCOS group .Conclusion sex hormones and insulin resistance were correlated with ultrasonographic data in the PCOS patients .

Objective:To systematically retrieve, evaluate, and summarize evidence on insomnia screening and assessment in adult malignant tumor patients.Methods:The clinical decisions, guidelines, and expert consensus on screening and assessing insomnia in malignant tumor patients were systematically searched in clinical decision support systems, guideline websites, literature databases, and professional association websites. This study conducted methodological quality evaluation and evidence extraction, translation, and integration.Results:A total of 8 articles were included, including three clinical decisions, two evidence-based guidelines, and three expert consensuses. After extracting and summarizing evidence, 38 pieces of evidence were obtained from three aspects of general management principles, insomnia screening, and insomnia assessment.Conclusions:The insomnia screening and assessment in adult malignant tumor patients should be standardized according to evidence-based standards and combined with specific clinical situations in China.