Objective To explore the influence of early comprehensive nursing intervention on physical and mental development in children with high risk of cerebral palsy.Methods 150 children with high risk of cerebral palsy who were treated in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of Xinxiang central hospital were randomly divided into two groups.78 cases in the intervention group received early comprehensive nursing intervention,including functional training combined with medication and physical treatment method.At the same time,their parents received systematic training and participated in the intervention till the babies reached 2 years old.72 cases in the routine group were given conventional baby care.74 termfor-age neonates who were born in our department of maternity in the same period were selected as the control group,which received conventional baby care.The infants of the routine care group received only conventional baby care.The physical development of the weight,length and head circumference and intelligence of three groups were checked at the age of six months,one year and two years.Results M the age of six months,one and two years old,the physical development were higher significantly in the intervention group than those in the routine group,and had not evident difference with the control group.The mental development index (MDI) of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group at the 6 months,had no obvious difference with the control group at one year old,and was great higher than that of the control group.At the sixth month and one year phychomotor development index (PDI) of the intervention group had no difference with that of the control group,and at two years old were higher than that in the control group.The incidence of the phychomotor development retardment and the cerebral palsy in the intervention group was lower than that in the routine group.Conclusions Early nursing intervention is beneficial to the development of the physical and intelligent development of children with high risk of cerebral palsy.

To investigate the effects of Yiguanjian Decoction, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on rats with cirrhosis based on the method of differential proteomics.

Objective To compare the outcomes of homeopathic bidirectional-traction reduction device and traction table in surgical treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fractures.Methods A retrospective case control study was made on 94 cases of femoral intertrochanteric fractures treated from July 2015 to December 2015.There were 26 males and 68 females,aged 60-75 years.According to the Evans classification,the fractures were type Ⅱ in 24 cases,type Ⅲ in 32 and type Ⅳ in 38.Fifty-seven cases sustained chronic diseases.According to the random number table,the subjects were assigned to receive homeopathic bidirectional-traction reduction (homeopathic reduction group,48 cases) and traction table reduction (control group,46 cases).All fractures were fixed with proximal femoral nail antirotation.Operation time,reduction time,tluoroscopy time,blood loss and rate of closed reduced cases were recorded.Fracture union and rotation of the affected femur to the tibia were detected after operation.Functional outcome was evaluated using the Harris score at the final follow-up.Results All fractures were reduced closely in homeopathic reduction group,while 15 fractures in control group were reduced via a small-incision anterior approach.Operation time,reduction time and fluoroscopy time in homeopathic reduction group were (62.9 ± 12.1) min,(6.8 ± 1.5) min and (11.3 ± 5.6) s respectively,significantly less than the corresponding data in control group (all P ＜ 0.05).One month after operation,rotation of the affected femur to the tibia was (2.8 ± 1.2) ° in homeopathic reduction group,significantly less than that in control group [(11.5 ± 4.7) °] (P ＜ 0.05).Bone union was observed in all cases.At the final follow-up,Harris hip score was (92.6 ± 7.6)points in homeopathic reduction group,significantly higher than that in control group [(87.3 ± 6.5) points] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For the elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures,homeopathic bidirectional-traction device has advantages of high rate of closed reduction,shorter operation time,less radiological exposure and satisfactory function recovery of the affected hip joint.

To evaluate the effects of Xiayuxue Decoction, a compound traditional Chinese medicine, on liver angiogenesis in rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver fibrosis.

Objective:To determine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FrND) scale among smoking male inpatients with schizophrenia.Methods:Two hundred and twenty smoking male inpatients,who met criteria for schizophrenia of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition (DSM-Ⅳ),were consecutively included.FTND scale and Russell's Reasons for Smoking Questionnaire (RRSQ) were used to assess subjects'severity of nicotine dependence and addiction score of the dimension of reason for smoking,respectively.According to the principle of voluntariness,37 subjects were selected and re-assessed with FTND scale after two-week interval.Reliability,correlation and factor analyses were used to examine the reliability and validity.Results:The Cronbach α (internal consistency) and two-week re-test reliability coefficients of FTND scale were 0.68 and 0.72 (P ＜0.01),respectively.The criterion related validity coefficient with addiction score of RRSQ was 0.53 (P ＜0.01).Two common factors were abstracted from the scale factor analysis,accounting for 52.4％ of the total variance.There were statistically significant differences between patients with different duration of illness,number of hospitalizations and age of smoking initiation (P ＜0.05).Conclusion:The Chinese version of FTND scale for smoking male inpatients with schizophrenia has a relatively low internal consistency and good re-test reliability,criterion related validity,construct validity and empirical validity.

Objective: To forecast the risk distribution of inter-animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus effectively and provide scientific evidence for prevention and control of inter-animal plague, through studying the correlation between meteorological and environmental factors and inter-animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus. Methods: Positive data of plague bacterial culture in 30 epidemic source areas of Meriones unguiculatus in the Inner Mongolia plateau from 2005 to 2018, including detecting time, number of bacteria, latitude and longitude or detailed location, host type, were from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control System Plague Prevention Management Information System and related professional institutions for plague prevention and treatment. Logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between the inter-animal plague and climate-related risk factors. The Maximum Entropy (Maxent) model was used to predict the habitat distributions of inter-animal plague, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to validate the model. Results: There were 11 climatic factors including annual mean temperature, isothermality, temperature seasonality, mean temperature of driest quarter, mean temperature of warmest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, annual precipitation, precipitation seasonality, globcover, normalized difference vegetation index and slope, were related to the outbreak of plague among Meriones unguiculatus and included in the model (OR = 1.302, 0.455, 0.957, 0.930, 4.864, 0.179, 0.986, 1.126, 0.992, 0.981, 0.721, P < 0.01). The increase of annual mean temperature, mean temperature of warmest quarter and precipitation seasonality will increase the risk of animal plague in the plague foci of Meriones unguiculatus; the increase of isothermality, temperature seasonality, mean temperature of driest quarter, mean temperature of coldest quarter, annual precipitation, globcover, normalized difference vegetation index, and slope will reduce the risk of animal plague in the plague foci of Meriones unguiculatus. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the Maxent model training data and test data were 0.988 and 0.985, the prediction effect of the model was better. The habitat distribution of Meriones unguiculatus plague mainly concentrated in the central and northern Ulanqab plateau, Ordos plateau, and eastern Hetao plain. Conclusions The use of Maxent model and climate data can predict the potential risks and spatial distribution of animal plague in Meriones unguiculatus; the results are accurate and reliable.

Objective To study the influence of GM1 on hyperbilirubinemia-induced brain injury in neonatal rats and its possible mechanism.Method A total of 120 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned into normal control group (n =40),hyperbilirubinemia group (n =40) and GM1 group (n =40).According to the different duration of hyperbilirubinemia,each group was further assigned into 5 subgroups,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h group (n =8).The model of neonatal rat with hyperbilirubinemia was established injecting bilirubin solution (100 μg/g) intraperitoneally.GM1 (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally immediately after the model was established in GM1 group.Immunohistochemical method was used to determine the expression of Bax in hippocampus.TUNEL method was used to measure the neural cell apoptosis index (AI) in the brain.Result Six hours after the hyperbilirubinemia model was set up,the expression of Bax and AI in hyperbilirubinemia group and GM1 group were examined.The median of AI were 33.5％ and 15.4％ respectively and the average grey value of Bax positive cells were 157.4 ± 2.8 and 162.9 ± 2.3.Both apoptosis cells and the expression of Bax were gradually increasing,and peaked at 72 h after the model was established.The median of AI were 55.5％ and 35.5％ respectively,and the average grey value of Bax positive cells were 127.8 ± 3.6 and 141.5 ±2.7 in hyperbilirubinemia group and GM1 group.And the expressions of Bax and AI in the control group were nearly undetectable.The expression of Bax and AI in GM1 group were lower than hyperbilirubinemia group,but higher than the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.001).Conclusion Brain cells apoptosis is influenced by hyperbilirubinemia-induced brain injury and Bax may be involved in the process.GM1 may reduce the brain damage by inhibiting the expression of Bax to reduce the apoptosis of the brain cells.

Post-amputation pain causes great suffering to amputees, but still no effective drugs are available due to its elusive mechanisms. Our previous clinical studies found that surgical removal or radiofrequency treatment of the neuroma at the axotomized nerve stump effectively relieves the phantom pain afflicting patients after amputation. This indicated an essential role of the residual nerve stump in the formation of chronic post-amputation pain (CPAP). However, the molecular mechanism by which the residual nerve stump or neuroma is involved and regulates CPAP is still a mystery. In this study, we found that nociceptors expressed the mechanosensitive ion channel TMEM63A and macrophages infiltrated into the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons worked synergistically to promote CPAP. Histology and qRT-PCR showed that TMEM63A was mainly expressed in mechanical pain-producing non-peptidergic nociceptors in the DRG, and the expression of TMEM63A increased significantly both in the neuroma from amputated patients and the DRG in a mouse model of tibial nerve transfer (TNT). Behavioral tests showed that the mechanical, heat, and cold sensitivity were not affected in the Tmem63a^-/- mice in the naïve state, suggesting the basal pain was not affected. In the inflammatory and post-amputation state, the mechanical allodynia but not the heat hyperalgesia or cold allodynia was significantly decreased in Tmem63a^-/- mice. Further study showed that there was severe neuronal injury and macrophage infiltration in the DRG, tibial nerve, residual stump, and the neuroma-like structure of the TNT mouse model, Consistent with this, expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β all increased dramatically in the DRG. Interestingly, the deletion of Tmem63a significantly reduced the macrophage infiltration in the DRG but not in the tibial nerve stump. Furthermore, the ablation of macrophages significantly reduced both the expression of Tmem63a and the mechanical allodynia in the TNT mouse model, indicating an interaction between nociceptors and macrophages, and that these two factors gang up together to regulate the formation of CPAP. This provides a new insight into the mechanisms underlying CPAP and potential drug targets its treatment.
Animals ; Mice ; Amputation, Surgical ; Chronic Pain/pathology* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Ganglia, Spinal/pathology* ; Hyperalgesia/etiology* ; Ion Channels/metabolism* ; Macrophages ; Neuroma/pathology*

Periodontitis is caused by overactive osteoclast activity that results in the loss of periodontal supporting tissue and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are essential for periodontal regeneration. However, the hypoxic periodontal microenvironment during periodontitis induces the apoptosis of MSCs. Apoptotic bodies (ABs) are the major product of apoptotic cells and have been attracting increased attention as potential mediators for periodontitis treatment, thus we investigated the effects of ABs derived from MSCs on periodontitis. MSCs were derived from bone marrows of mice and were cultured under hypoxic conditions for 72 h, after which ABs were isolated from the culture supernatant using a multi-filtration system. The results demonstrate that ABs derived from MSCs inhibited osteoclast differentiation and alveolar bone resorption. miRNA array analysis showed that miR-223-3p is highly enriched in those ABs and is critical for their therapeutic effects. Targetscan and luciferase activity results confirmed that Itgb1 is targeted by miR-223-3p, which interferes with the function of osteoclasts. Additionally, DC-STAMP is a key regulator that mediates membrane infusion. ABs and pre-osteoclasts expressed high levels of DC-STAMP on their membranes, which mediates the engulfment of ABs by pre-osteoclasts. ABs with knock-down of DC-STAMP failed to be engulfed by pre-osteoclasts. Collectively, MSC-derived ABs are targeted to be engulfed by pre-osteoclasts via DC-STAMP, which rescued alveolar bone loss by transferring miR-223-3p to osteoclasts, which in turn led to the attenuation of their differentiation and bone resorption. These results suggest that MSC-derived ABs are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of periodontitis.
Humans ; Osteoclasts ; Alveolar Bone Loss/therapy* ; Cell Differentiation ; MicroRNAs ; Periodontitis/therapy* ; Extracellular Vesicles ; Apoptosis ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells