This article reviews the mechanism of praziquantel against schistosomes briefly,points out the different effects of praziquantel on the different develop stages of schistosomes,which presents an oddity mode,and suggests the research on this oddity phenomenon.

Objective To describe rural people's perceptions of schistosomiasis and other dis eases, and to explore the relevance of these perceptions to disease control programs in rural areas of China. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted in Yingjiang Village, Anhui Province,China. Anthropological and epidemiological re search methods, including focus group discussions,in depth interviews, questionnaires and stool tests, were used. Results People identified various infectious diseases, such as schistosomiasis, hepatitis, hemorrhage fever, hookworm diseases, as cariasis and infection skin diseases. The knowledge of villagers regarding schistosomiasis and other diseases was not inconsiderable but not entirely accurate. Local illness taxonomy usually resulted from the concepts as to the causation of diseases. Local people thought there were about eight categories of factors that might cause diseases. These categories were worms, the unbalance of hot cold faetors, over work and starvation, "hot poison", dirty water and food, psychological factors, supernatural factors and pesticides. Conclusion Health education, improving sanitation and safe water supply may play much important roles in improving health of rural people.

A patient with sparganosis mansoni was treated with praziquantel and cured with little side effect.

A patient with eosinophilic syndrome due to Paragonimus infection wag treated with praziquantel and cured.

Objective To investigate the analysis of Symbicort in stable stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease treatment and intervention. Methods 80 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in stable period from June 2014-2016 year in May in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, 40 cases in each group. The control group of patients with the use of simple Symbicort treatment and routine nursing care to patients, patients in the experimental group using Symbicort combined with Bailing Capsule for treatment, and the implementation of targeted nursing intervention measures, compare the effect of two groups of patients and nursing satisfaction. Results the clinical treatment of patients in the experimental group the total efficiency 95.0%, nursing satisfaction was 97.5%, the control of clinical patients in the treatment group the total effective rate was 80.0%, nursing satisfaction was 87.5%, the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Chronic In the stable period of obstructive pulmonary disease, the combination of Xin Yi capsule combined with Bailing capsule can effectively improve the pulmonary function of patients and improve the clinical therapeutic effect, and is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.

O bjective To introducetheosteotomyofacetabularmedialwallas a techniqueto facilitateanatomicalimplantationand securefitofacetabularcupsfordysplastichips. Methods Eighteen hipreplacementswereperformedwithuseofan osteotomyofacetabularmedialwalltostabilizethecups in 17 dysplasticpatients. The patientswere aged from35-70 years, withan averageof51.4 year. Among all thedysplastichips,4 were oftypeⅠ,7 oftypeⅡ,4 oftypeⅢ,and 3 oftypeⅣ accordingtotheCrowe criteria. A Ranawat trianglewas drawn on theX-ray film, and a supposedoptimalrotatingcenterwas located.Bothofthehorizontaland verticaldistancesbetweenfemoralhead and supposedrotatingcenterwas decreasedsignificantlyafteroperation.Results With medialwallosteotomy,alltheacetabularcomponents wereplacedinthetrueacetabulum.The diametersoftheimplantedcupswere44-56 mm withan averageof 50.78 mm . Medialbony wallwas preservedwithan averagethicknessof9.5 mm . The horizontaldistance was 21.09 mm (12-40 mm )preoperativelyand 3.73 mm (-3-10.1 mm )postoperatively,therewas statistical difference(t=7.95,P

[Objective]To measure the change of anatomic configuration of proximal tibial after high tibial osteotomy and probe its clinical consequences.[Method]From 2001 to 2005,there were 59 knees of 35 patients with medial unicompartmental osteoarthritis treated with closing-wedge high tibial osteotomy.Anatomic configuration of proximal tibia were measured both pre and postoperatively on radiographs.They included posterior slope angle of proximal tibia,tibial angle,lateral shift of articular surface of proximal tibial and level of the joint line.The alteration of the above features was calculated and analyzed statistically with paired t test.[Result]The mean tibial posterior slope angle were(8.9??2.6?)preoperatively and(5.0??2.3?)postoperatively.The tibial posterior slope angle was averagely decreased about(3.9??1.7?).Tibial angle were(99.1??4.3?)and(91.1??3.8?)before and after high tibial osteotomy respectively.Lateral shift of articular surface of proximal tibial were(46.2?3.6)% and(53.1?3.9)% in pre and postopratively.Level of joint line was(41.2?3.6)mm and(38.0?3.2)mm in pre and postopratively.Statistical analysis indicated that there was significant difference of posterior slope angle or tibial angle or lateral shift of articular surface of proximal tibial or level of joint line between pre and post operative(P

Objective To investigate the effect of femoral design on anterior knee pain after patella reserving total knee arthroplasty. Methods From 15 January to 15 February 2002, 44 patients and 59 knees were followed up. Among these patients, 40 patients and 51 knees were included in this study, the rest cases were excluded for one or more of following factors. 1)Knee flexion was less than 80 degrees;2)Radiography showed that there were surgical errors such as: femoral component flexion more than 30, anterior femoral cortex notching, and patellar baja or alta. According to current generally accepted criteria, femoral components were classified as "Patella Friendly" group and "Patella Unfriendly" group. The percentage and severity of anterior knee pain was measured with patient visual pain index and Knee Society Functional Score System. Results The aforementioned two groups consisted of "Patella Friendly" group 21 knees and "Patella Unfriendly" group 31 knees. The average anterior knee pain score of "Patella Friendly" group and "Patella Unfriendly" group was respectively 1.58 (0-8) and 3.32 (0-6). The percentage of pain free patients of the two groups was 64% and 9%. There was significant statistical difference between the groups in terms of anterior knee pain score (t=4.642, P

Objective:To develop the evaluation index system for clinical teaching quality supervision of nursing undergraduates.Methods:Based on the theory of Donabedian's structure-process-outcome quality model, literature review, semi-structured interviews, Delphi method and Analytic Hierarchy Process were adopted to determine the teaching quality supervision index system for clinical nursing interns.Results:After two rounds of expert consultation, questionnaire response rates were 92.86%(26/28), 100.00%(26/26); expert authority coefficients were 0.871, 0.887 and the two rounds of expert consultation authority coefficient was 0.879; coefficients of variation ranged from 0.00 to 0.15 and 0.04 to 0.12; coordination coefficients ranged from 0.256 to 0.667 and 0.402 to 0.804 ( χ2 values were 60.276-427.571, P<0.01). The final index system consisted of 3 first-level indicators, 9 second-level indicators, and 36 third-level indicators. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weights of all indexes, and the consistency test (CR<0.1) was performed. Conclusions:The construction of the index system for clinical teaching quality supervision of nursing undergraduates is scientific with reasonable weight. It can provide reference for the improvement and reform of clinical nursing teaching work.

Objective To evaluate the clinical outcome of Vancouver B2 and B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures treated with uncemented modular stems.Methods From September 2011 to April 2014,Twenty-four patients (12 males and 12 females,with the average age 63 years,ranging from 28 to 85 years) with periprosthetic femoral fractures (16 Vancouver B2 and 8 Vancouver B3) were treated with uncemented modular stems.Revision arthroplasty was conducted in all cases by using modular stems with 12 cerclage wirings and 11 great trochanter claw plates.One patient was treated with revision arthroplasty without additional fixations.Extended trochanter osteotomy was performed on 11 patients.Cortical strut allograft was used in 9 patients with severe femoral bone loss.Intraoperative complications including vascular or nerve injury and systemic complications including cardiovascular events,cerebrovascular events and deep vein thrombosis were recorded.Severe postoperative complications such as nonunion,re-fracture,periprosthetic joint infection and dislocation were recorded.The clinical outcome was evaluated by Harris score,Visual Analogue Score and Parker Mobility Score.The radiological outcome was taken to observe the healing status,stem subsidence and stability of the prosthesis.Results Two patients were lost to follow-up.Twenty-two patients were clinically followed-up.Radiological data was recorded in 16 patients.The average follow-up was 33 months (range,12-68 months).All fractures healed within 6 months.The average Harris score improved from 4.0± 1.1 preoperatively to 78.8± 16.2 postoperatively (t=-20.195,P=0.000).The mean Parker Mobility Score improved from 0.5±0.9 preoperatively to 7.0± 1.8 postoperatively (t=-14.835,P=0.000).The mean Visual Analogue Score decreased from 6.4± 1.2 preoperatively to 2.0± 1.5 postoperatively (t=10.879,P=0.000).No nonunion,infection or dislocation was found.One patient underwent re-operation because of re-fracture.Eight mm of prosthesis subsidence was observed in one case at 3 months postoperatively,and reached stable fixation at 6 months postoperatively without further subsidence.Conclusion Uncemented modular stems can achieve distal fixation and implant stability of periprosthetic femoral fractures while retaining optimal biomechanics of the hip.Assisted by femoral reconstruction techniques such as extended trochanter osteotomy,cortical strut allograft,great trochanter claw plates and cerclage wiring,revision arthroplasty using uncemented modular stems could realize optimal outcomes in treating Vancouver B2 and B3 periprosthetic femoral fractures.