Objective To evaluate intra-and interobserver reliability of analysis of lower limb alignment on DR digital images using AutoCAD.Methods Angles on AP view and long leg view were measured three times by two trained observers separately using these two methods in 140 knees.The intra-and interobserver intraclass correlation coefficients with 95% CIs of two methods were calculated and compared with Fisher z transformation and Z test.Paired t test was used in comparing time consumption.Results For AutoCAD method,inter ICCs were 0.942? 0.993 ,intra ICCs were 0.937～0.999.For X-ray films method,inter ICCs were 0.736～0.981,intra ICCs were 0.759～0.951.Corresponding ICCs of AutoCAD method were higher than those of X-ray films method,most of which had significant differences(P<0.01).The consuming time of two observers in measuring one knee using AutoCAD method was 89.6 seconds and 94.3 seconds shorter than those using X-ray films method respectively.Both had significant differences(P<0.01).Conclusion It was a fast reliable method to assess lower limb alignment on DR digital images using AutoCAD.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and imaging characteristics of osteoid osteoma in femoral neck and to improve diagnostic accuracy of this disease.Methods Twenty-one patients (18 males and 3 females,age,7-26 years,median age,13 years) with pathologically proven osteoid osteoma of the femoral neck were retrospectively analyzed for their clinical profile and radiologic features.CT and X-ray examinations were performed in all patients,10 of them pefformed post-contrast CT scan and 4 of them performed MRI examinations.Results Nineteen patients had hip pain (pain worse at night in 11,and 8 received salicylates treatment with good response),and 2 patients only with intermittent claudication.The duration ranged from 2 months to 54 months (median duration 12 months).X-ray: Nidus was seen on plain film in 10 cases,18 cases showed different degrees of bone sclerosis of the nidus.CT: Nidus was demonstrated in all cases.Among them,8 were intracortical,6 were subperiosteal,7 were endosteal.Twenty cases showed different degrees of bone sclerosis of the nidus-extra-articular anteromedial cortical surface of the femur neck.Nineteen cases showed vascular groove sign.MRI: Nidus was seen in 4 cases.Bone sclerosis was low signal on all sequences.Three cases had joint effusion,4 cases had bone marrow edema,and 2 cases had synovial thickening.Conclusions Although osteoid osteoma of femoral neck has non-specific clinical features,the radiographic findings are usually typical.The nidus of osteoid osteoma is often located within the joint.Bony sclerosis occurs at the area of extra-articular anteromedial cortical surface of the femur neck.CT examination remains an optimal method to identify the nidus.

BACKGROUND:Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip is rarely seen clinical y. However, when treated with routine total hip arthroplasty, severe deformities in the bone and soft tissue can lead to high rate of operation failure and increased occurrence of complications. Total hip arthroplasty in combination with subtrochanteric osteotomy may be an option to resolve this problem.
OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the clinical outcome and safety of Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip treated by the combination of total hip arthroplasty and subtrochanteric osteotomy in 17 cases.
METHODS:Twenty-one hips (17 cases) of Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip treated by the combination of total hip arthroplasty and subtrochanteric osteotomy were retrospectively analyzed and fol owed for at least 2 years from January 2006 to June 2011. Complications, hip function, and radiological changes were evaluated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The mean fol ow-up period was (48.0±20.5) months. Harris’s score was increased postoperatively (P<0.05). The main complains were lower limb length discrepancy, difficulty in standing up from squatting, muscle weakness, and soft tissue tightness. One greater trochanter fracture occurred and was fixed by hook plate fixation. There were four femoral shaft splits treated by cerclage. One patient represented with femoral nerve palsy and got partial recovery until the latest fol ow-up. There was no deep infection, dislocation or prosthesis loosening. Crowe IV developmental dysplasia of the hip could be effectively treated by total hip arthroplasty in combination with subtrochanteric osteotomy, which requires high surgical techniques to control the complications. Further fol ow-up is required for long-term results.

Objective To explore the effect of narrative therapy on family environment and values in adolescents with emotional disorder.Methods 35 adolescents with emotional disorder and their parents from Affiliated Brain Hospital,Nanjing Medical University were enrolled and treated by narrative therapy.Family environment was assessed using Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV)and was compared between pre-and posttherapy.Results 28 adolescents with emotional disorder and their parents completed therapy.The cohesion,independence,intellectual orientation,active-recreation orientation and organization in FES-CV showed higher scores at post-therapy than at pre-therapy ((6.89 ± 2.56) vs.(4.21 ± 3.21) ; (5.54 ± 1.35) vs.(4.68 ± 1.51) ;(4.75±2.07)vs.(3.50±2.12);(4.07±2.65)vs.(2.50±2.32);(3.68±1.77)vs.(2.50±1.62)respectively).The contradict in FES-CV showed lower scores at post-therapy than at pre-therapy ((2.75 ± 2.44) vs (5.25 ± 2.50)).The values of adolescents with emotional disorder and their parents had a positive change after narrative therapy.Conclusion Narrative therapy is effective on the positive change of FES-CV and values of adolescents with emotional disorder and their parents.

The aim of this study is to develop the real-time PCR assays to detect and qualify C. coli from stool specimen. The primers and probe were designed based on the specific sequence of ceuE gene in C. coli using Primer 5.0 and Vector NTI Suite 6.0 e. The PCR assay was optimized with the reference C. coli strains. The standard curve based on the dilutions of genomic DNA showed a linear relationship between log CFU/mL and threshold cycles. The detectable limitation was 5.62 CFU/mL by using purified DNA from bacteria culture. The reproducibility of this assay was assessed by calculating the variation of the threshold cycle value and the slope from test repeats for the same strains and different strains. Our results indicate that the developed assay has high sensitivity and specificity for identification of C. coli.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect and safety of three non-invasive immune rejection monitor techniques including intramyocardial electrogram (IMEG),tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and multiple rejection relative genes expression detection in the peripheral blood.MethodsTotally 103 well recovered heart transplant cases were recruited The IMEG,TDI and gene expression detection techniques were used to monitor the rejection.The endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) was performed routinely after 1,3,and 12 months,or with clinic severe symptom,or with obvious abnormal noninvasive monitoring results,The patients were divided into different groups and were subjected to the test of TDI and quantitative real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) technique test to observe the expression patterns of 16 immune rejection relative genes after heart transplantation.Results were also compared with those of the normal people.Results The sensitivity of IMEG was 92.9％,the specificity was 99.2％,positive predictive rate was 70.0％,and negative predictable rate was 99.8％.The routine echo can only detect the abnormality in the severe cardiac function impair.The TDI parameters in the grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ rejection group were decreased as compared with the controls (P＜0.05).The parameters Em,Sm and Tem were significantly reduced in grade ≥Ⅱ group as compared with the grade 0 or Ⅰ rejection group (P＜0.05).On the onset of acute rejection,the expression of ITGA4,FKB and IL1R2 was up-regulated,and that of PF4,ITGAM,TGF-β1and RHOU was down-regulated.ConclusionThe high negative prediction of the IMEG could be used as a non-invasive,convenient and safe monitoring technique for rejection reaction without any biopsies.It has a better correlation to use TDI and the Em,Am,Tem,Sm and Tsm could be used as the early sensentive parameters to detect the immune rejection.The real time quantitation RT-PCR methods were constructed successfully to detect the multiple immune relative genes expression and had clinic application value.

Objective To investigate the influence of uremic serum on the monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) expression of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro and the effect of up-regulation of berne oxygenase 1 (HO-1) on the synthesis of MCP-1 of HUVECs in uremic milieu. Methods HUVECs were incubated to confluence and then preineubated with heroin and/or protoporphyrin zinc IX (ZnPP)for 6 hours.The cultures were subsequently incubated with M199 cell medium containing 10% serum of healthy people or with medium containing 10% serum of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.HO-1 protein and mRNA expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantitative RT-PCR.MCP-1 mRNA expression was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR,and MCP-1 protein was quantified by ELISA. Results Up-regulated expression of MCP-1 mRNA and protein was detected in HUVECs incubated with medium containing 10% serum of MHD patients.The protein synthesis was 2.95 folds of the control.Heroin induced expression of HO-1 mRNA and protein,and concurrently inhibited the up-regulated MCP-1 expression induced by uremic serum.Such effects of heroin could be blocked by ZnPP. Conclusions Uremic serum induces the expression of MCP-1 in HUVECs.Up-regulated expresson of endothelial HO-1 induced by heroin inhibits the enhancement of MCP-1 synthesis.HO-1 may be beneficial to the alleviation of endothelial cell injury in uremic milieu.

Objective:To study the clinicopathologic characteristics and the prognostic factors of triple negative breast cancer,and to study the correlation between clinicopathologic features and EGFR expression.Methods:Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 200 breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2004 were reviewed.The paraffin embedded tissues were selected and tissue microarray blocks were made.Immunohistochemical staining was used to evaluate the expression of ER,PR and HER2 for breast cancer molecular type.EGFR expression was evaluated to analyze its correlation with the clinical characteristics and prognosis.Results:Fourty-two cases(21%)of 200 were triple negative breast cancer(TNBC).There was no significant difference between TNBC and non-TNBC in clinicopathologic parameters such as age,tumor size,clinical stage,and lymph node status.However,there was significant difference in histological category and menostasis status between the two groups(P<0.05).Among TNBC,17 0f 42 died during the follow-up(the overall suivival rate was 59.52%),while 26 0f 158 non-TNBC died(the overall survival rate was 83.54%).EGFR was significantly overexpressed in TNBC(69.05%)and it was associated with lymph node status and histological category.Conclusion:Although the incidence of TNBC is low,it has a poorer prognosis than other subtypes.EGFR is highly expressed in TNBC and may serve as a prognostic index and an important therapatic target for breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the early outcomes of reconstruction of severe acetabular bone defects by the use of tantalum trabecular metal cup combined with tantalum augment in total hip replacement.Methods From April 2014 to December 2015,23 patients (24 hips) underwent total hip arthroplasty by the use of tantalum trabecular metal cups combined with tantalum augments.There were 11 males (12 hips) and 12 females (12 hips),with the average age 54 years (range,38-65 years).We tried to reconstruct an annular support for the cup.If an annular support cannot be reconstructed,the cup obtains primary stability based on the three point fixation rationale.Flexible placing of the TM cup combined with the augments helped reconstruction of the socket ring or supporting points,thus achieving rigid primary stability of the cup and restoring center of rotation.Harris hip score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index score were recorded.Any severe intraoperative complications including vascular or nerve injury and severe postoperative complications such as periprosthetic joint infection,dislocation or periprosthetic fracture were reported.The vertical position of the center of rotation from the interteardrop line and the horizontal position of the center of rotation from the teardrop were measured and analyzed.Results The average follow-up duration was 16 months (range,7-28 months).The mean Harris hip score was 35.3±12.1 preoperatively and 82.7±8.3 postoperatively (t=-16.991,P＜0.001).The mean WOMAC score was 39.1 ±24.0 preoperatively and 87.2± 11.4 postoperatively (t=-7.671,P＜ 0.001).The average vertical location of the center of rotation was 44.02± 11.65 mm preoperatively and 22.96±8.24 mm postoperatively.All the tantalum cups and augments were stable.There was no periprosthetic joint infection,dislocation,nerve injury or periprosthetic fracture.Conclusion Reconstruction of Paprosky Ⅲ acetabular bone defects by the use of tantalum trabecular metal cup combined with tantalum augment can achieve good primary stability and restore the center of rotation with almost normal hip biomechanics.The short-term outcomes are satisfied.

Objective To establish the method of multiple loci VNTR(variable numbers tandem-repeats) analysis (MLVA) for genotyping Leptospira interrogans serogroup ieterohaemorrhagiae . Methods Seven VNTR loci were chosen for genotyping 117 strains of L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae by PCR-electrophoresis-based VNTR analysis and the results were analyzed by software BioNumerics( Version 4.0). Results One hundred and seventeen isolates of L. interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae detec-ted with 7 VNTR loci were classified into three clusters(A,B,C), twenty-eight types were found, type A 11.97% (14/117), type B 0.85% (1/1 17), type C 87.18% (102/117). Diversity Indexes for the loci varied between 0.0831 and 0.8005. Clinical strains isolated from the same geographic area and belonging to the same serogroup shared a common VNTR pattern. Conclusion MLVA could be used to classify and identify Leptospira interrogans preliminarily. With the improvement of technology, this rapid and easy method should greatly contribute to a better knowledge of the epidemiology of Leptospira.