Objective:To explore neuropsychological differences between internet addicts and Non-addicts.Methods:Internet addicts (n=26) and Non-addicts (n=26) were assessed with neuropsychological tests.tests, including WAIS-RC (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Chinese Version), WMS-R (Wechsler Memory Scale, Revised version), Stroop test, Tower of Hanoi and M-WCST (Wisconsin Card Sorting Test).Results: Internet addicts had poorer results in WAIS-RC, such as Knowledge 8.8?2.3/12.2?1.8; Arithmetic 6.5?1.8/7.8?1.1 (t=-4.9, P

Drug dependence has been a severe social and health problem,which has caused serious economic losses and social disorder in China.The critical problem in drug dependence is repeated relapse even after detoxification.We have been contributed to the research of neurobiological mechanisms,clinical characteristics,and interventions of craving after withdrawal from addicting drugs.We have systemati-cally studied the change of drug seeking behavior and craving after withdrawal from cocaine,and further investigated the neural anatomic pathway,long-term neuroplasticity,and neural signal pathways which involved in the change of drug seeking behavior.According to the situation of dug abuse in China,we investigated the characteristics in the expression of incubation of craving after withdrawal from opiate.We have primarily found the neural anatomic pathways and neural plasticity mechanisms which contribute to the process.We have also demonstrated the psychological characteristics and neurobiological mechanisms of craving induced by opiate and its long-term maintenance resulting from learning and memory,chronobiology and imaging.Our findings have provided evidence for effective inventions on preventing relapse after abstinence in addicts.Abstract:SUMM ARY Drug dependence has been a severe social and health problem,which has caused serious e-conom ic losses and social d isorder in China.The critical problem in drug dependence is repeated relapse even after detoxification.W e have been contributed to the research of neurobiologicalmechanisms,clini-cal characteristics,and interventions of craving afterwithdrawal from add icting drugs.W e have systemati-cally stud ied the change of drug seeking behavior and craving afterwithdrawal from cocaine,and further investigated the neural anatom ic pathway,long-term neuroplasticity,and neural signal pathways which involved in the change of drug seeking behavior.Accord ing to the situation of dug abuse in China,we in-vestigated the characteristics in the expression of incubation of craving after withdrawal from opiate.W e have primarily found the neural anatom ic pathways and neural plasticity mechanisms which contribute to the process.W e have also demonstrated the psychological characteristics and neurobiologicalmechanisms of craving induced by opiate and its long-term maintenance resulting from learning and memory,chrono-biology and imaging.Our find ings have provided evidence for effective inventions on preventing relapse after abstinence in add icts.

We investigated the baseline brain activity level in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) by am plitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) based on resting-state functional MRI (fMRI). We examined 13 patients in the MDD group and 14 healthy volunteers in the control group by resting-state fMRI on GE Signa 3.0T. We calculated and compared the ALFF values of the two groups. In the MDD group, ALFF values in the right medial prefrontal were higher than those in control group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). ALFF values in the left parietal in the MDD group were lower than those in control group with statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). This resting-state fMRI study suggested that the alteration brain activity in the right medial prefrontal and left parietal ALFF contributed to the understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism of MDD patients.
Brain ; physiopathology ; Brain Mapping ; Case-Control Studies ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objective To discuss the impact of relevant psycho-social factors on the driving adaptability. Methods A total of 870 vehicle drivers were screened out by stratified cluster sampling,and 620 drivers were finally selected for this study after eliminating those who had 1 -2 accidents. The 620 drivers were divided into accident group and non-accident group. Demographic questionnaire, life event scale, SCL-90 Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire were applied to investigate their general condition, life event, mental health and personality. All data were analyzed by t test and stepwise Fisher discriminatory, and then the discriminatory equations of driving eligibility were established. Results The scores of factors including positive life events, negative life events, family events, work events and social events in accident group were 9.62 ± 11.36, 34.53 ± 30.01, 24.05 ± 23.09, 16.78 ± 17. 12 and 2.82 ± 5.07, respectively, which were higher than 4.67 ± 6.25, 6.38 ± 10. 15, 6.48 ± 9.43, 3.96 ±6.55 and 2.02 ± 5.43 respectively in the non-accident group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). The total SCL-90 score and the scores of all factors in the accident group were higher than those in the non-accident group ( P ＜0. 01 ). The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire scores of the accident group were significantly higher than the non-accident group in N dimension ( 56. 32 ± 8.77 vs. 45.23 ± 8.06 ) and P dimension (52.22 ±10.43 vs. 48.31 ± 9.35 ) ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). Fisher discriminatory equations: Faccident group = 0. 258 × X6 + 0.119 ×X9 +0.637 ×X17 +0.043 × X5-7.476; Fnon-accident group =0. 137 × X6-1. 000 ×X9 + 1.423 ×X17 +0.003× X5-2.601. Total discrimination accuracy of verification was 88.3%, and the total accuracy of prospective discrimination was 88.0%. Conclusions There is clear correlation of driving adaptability with coercion, anxiety, emotion and negative factors. The discriminatory equations are useful for selecting drivers because of high accuracy, and may play an important role in reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents.

0.05). The factor score of "preoccupation"in patients with Ins/Del genotype was higher than that with Ins/Ins and Del/Del genotypes(P=0.052),as well as in male patients of experimental group(P=0.052). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that D?H gene-4784-4803del polymorphism may not be associated with qualitative and quantitative characters of schizophrenia. Male schizophrenia patients with Ins/Del encoding D?H gene-4784-4803del are significantly characterized with the character of "preoccupation".

ObjectiveTo explore the status of social anxiety and study the relationship between social anxiety and self-consciousness,self-esteem among primary students.MethodsUsing stratified randomization sampling method,568 primary students in grade 4 ～ 6 were investigated with social anxiety scale for children( SASC ),self-consciousness scale for children(PHCSS) and self-esteem scale(SES).Results①The score of SASC in the group of primary students was obviously higher than that of Chinese norm (P＜0.01).②The SASC and negative evaluation scores in the female were higher than the male (P ＜ 0.05 ),the negative evaluation scores in the sixth grade (3.22 ± 2.82) was higher than the fifth grade (2.53 ± 2.76,P ＜ 0.01 ) and fourth grade ( 2.54 ± 2.68,P＜ 0.05 ).The primary students in migrant workers elementary school,the single parent family and the relatively low income family had higher social anxiety scores than others(P＜0.05 ).③The SASC and two major factors were significantly negative correlated with the self-consciousness and each subscale( r =-0.202 ～ -0.511,P ＜ 0.01 ),and positive correlated with the self-esteem( r =0.282,0.270,0.305,P ＜ 0.01 ).④)The anxiety and gregariousness had significant prediction function of 25.5％ on negative evaluation,and 28.2％ on SASC,anxiety,gregariousness,intelligence and school situation had significant prediction function of 20.4％ on social avoidance and distress.ConclusionsPrimary students in grade 4 ～ 6 existed social anxiety.There are significant differences for their level of anxiety in different gender,grade,elementary school,family structure,monthly income.And social anxiety is closely related to self-consciousness and self-esteem.

Objective To explore the characteristic of fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and the relationship with the severity of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide risk in depression patients with suicidal ideation with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Methods Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging maps were conducted using fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (fALFF) in 52 depression patients (30 with suicidal ideation and 22 without) and 21 healthy controls (HCs). The severity of depression was evaluat-ed by using Hamilton Depression scale(HAMD). The suicidal ideation, the suicide risk in depression patients with sui-cidal ideation were both assessed by the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation. The correlation between the fALFF value and the score of HAMD and the Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation was analyzed. Results MRI revealed significant differences in fALFF in the left superior/middle occipital gyrus and the right middle/inferior occipital gyrus (P<0.05, AlphaSim cor-rected)between depression patients with suicidal ideation and the HCs. Compared to the HCs, depression patients with-out suicidal ideation showed a higher fALFF in the left middle occipital gyrus (P<0.05, AlphaSim corrected). MRI re-vealed significant differences in fALFF in the left middle occipital gyrus (P<0.01, AlphaSim corrected)and the right mid-dle occipital gyrus (P<0.01, AlphaSim corrected) between depression patients with suicidal ideation and without. The fALFF of left middle occipital gyrus (r=0.366, P=0.046) and right middle occipital gyrus (r=0.513, P=0.004) were posi-tively correlated with the scores of HAMD, respectively whereas were not correlated with suicidal ideation and suicide risk. Conclusions Depression patients with suicidal ideation have an abnormal spontaneous activity in their left and right middle occipital gyrus. The increased activity in these brain areas are probably associated with the severity of de-pression whereas are not associated with suicidal ideation or suicide risk.

Objective To investigate the impact of genetic and environmental factors on mental health status in adolescents twins. Methods A total of 52 pairs of twins aged 11 years were recruited with support from educational committees and school. After the guardians of these twins had signed an informed consent form,the Chinese version growth and the state of health evaluation (Development and Well-Bing Assessment,DAWBA) carries on twins' mental health growth condition investigation to the twins of Age greater than 11-year-old,and focus on a-nalysis of DAWBA youth-assessment version of more than 11-year-old twins. Buccal mucosa samples were collected from all twins for DNA extraction and zygosity identification test. Results The mood, the behavior symptom and the symptom produced the influence of the DAWBA and in the computer diagnosis' s result showed that the intra-pair correlation coefficience of the emotional disorder(rMZ=0, 200, P = 0. 28; r DZ = 0. 198, P = 0. 447) (MZ means was monozygotic,DZ means was dizygotie, r means was correlation), the special phobia symptom(r MZ = 0.440, P = 0.013;rDZ =0.419, P=0.094),the social phobia (rMZ =0.2%, P = 0. 106; r DZ = -0.119, P = 0.648),the depressive symptom (rMZ =0.556, P=0.001; rDZ = -0.254, P=0.325), and the oppositional/con-duct disorder(rMZ =0.503, P = 0.014; rDZ = -0.270, P = 0.295),eating disorder(r MZ =0.764, P=0.046; rDZ = -0.091, P=0.728) in Monozygotic twins was more remarkable than that in dizygotie twin. Conclusion The genetic factors play the vital role in affects in the child twins' mental health growth.

Objective To understand students' attitude changes before and after they started their internships in the department of psychiatry and evaluate their teachers' teaching methods. Methods Using a self-made questionnaire of Psychiatric Internship Attitude that has passed the reliability and validity test, from 2015 to 2016, a total of 208 undergraduate students in the clinical medicine mental health direction of Chongqing Medical University were selected through cluster random sampling to investigate their attitude changes towards psychiatry before and after they started their internships. At the end of their internships, another self-made Psychiatric Teach Evaluation Forming Questionnaire of the reliability and validity test was used to preliminarily evaluate the students' assessment of the teaching situation of their teachers during the internship. Results Before the internships, through the survey we found that 44.2% of the students felt nervous, 37.0% fearful, 57.2% compassionate, and the percentage of students who were willing to work in the department of psychiatry is only 41.4%. Through investigation, teachers carried out the teaching work with targeted goals, at the end of the internship the tension and fear decreased to 0.0%, the proportion of empathy rose to 78.4%, and the differences are statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion The students' attitude survey at the beginning of their internship can help teachers improve their teaching attitudes, con-cepts and methods, and make students' negative attitudes towards mental patients and psychiatry significantly reduce.

Cardiac arrest (CA) is a serious cardiac event, which has a high incidence and low survival rate at home and abroad. In order to predict the risk of CA in advance, a large number of studies have been conducted by relevant researchers. This paper mainly summarizes the characteristics and research status of the existing analysis and prediction of CA from three aspects: the risk prediction factors of CA, the evaluation index of risk prediction of CA and the early warning scoring system of CA. We hope it can help medical staff to understand the current progress in this field, and provide new ways and methods for predicting the risk of CA.