With the determination of the whole genome sequence of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) virus, the successful breakthrough of infectious cloning technology of VZV, and the emergence of effective preventive vaccines, which have been proven to be effective and safe, varicella has become a disease preventable by specific immunity. This article will review the genomic structure, epidemiological characteristics, and research application progress of varicella vaccine and herpes zoster vaccine of varicella zoster virus to provide reference for primary prevention of the disease.
Humans ; Herpesvirus 3, Human/genetics* ; Herpes Zoster/prevention & control* ; Herpes Zoster Vaccine ; Chickenpox Vaccine ; Genomics

Objective: To study the effect of pranoprofen combined with 0.3% hyaluronic acid sodium eye drops on dry eye after cataract surgery. Methods: From July 2016 to June 2018, 80 patients with dry eye after cataract surgery in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Yiwu were selected study objects, and they were randomly divided into control group and observation group by double blind random assignment method, with 40 cases in each group.The control group was treated with pranoprofen eye drops alone, while the observation group was treated with pranoprofen eye drops combined with 0.3% hyaluronic acid sodium eye drops.The lacrimal gland secretion, corneal fluorescein staining (FL) and corneal rupture time (BUT) were observed before and after treatment in the two groups.The improvement of dry eye symptoms, ocular surface signs score and life satisfaction were observed in the two groups. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in lacrimal gland secretion test, FL and BUT test before treatment between the two groups (all P>0.05). The lacrimal gland secretion test, BUT and FL in the control group were (6.44±0.32)mm/5 min, (1.60±0.45), (4.31±0.23)s, respectively, which in the observation group were (9.03±0.86)mm/5 min, (0.66±0.25), (5.20±0.33)s, respectively, the differences were statistically significant(t=17.79, 11.43, 13.59, all P<0.05). In the control group, significant improvement in dry eye symptoms observed in 26 cases, slightly improved in 9 cases, no improvement in 5 cases, which in the observation group were 32 cases, 8 cases, 0 case, and there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (Z=0.342, P=0.006). Ocular surface signs analysis: before treatment, the score of the control group was (3.61±1.33)points, which of the observation group was (3.65±1.27)points, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.051); after treatment, the score of the control group was (1.97±1.21)points, which of the observation group was (1.32±0.91)points, the difference was statistically significant (t=4.673, P=0.003). Life satisfaction score: after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of treatment, the control group was (20.62±3.17)points, (22.35±2.17)points, (29.16±3.19)points respectively, and the observation group was (23.32±2.16)points, (27.41±2.51)points, (33.11±4.15)points respectively, the differences are statistically significant between the two groups(t=6.29, 8.34, 6.31, P=0.002, 0.005, 0.013). Conclusion Pranoprofen combined with hyaluronic acid sodium eye drops has significant effect in the treatment of dry eye after cataract surgery.

Humans ; Blast Crisis/genetics* ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics* ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics* ; Tretinoin

Objective: To explore the clinical value of non-invasive ventilator in the treatment of bronchial asthma with pneumonia. Methods: From June 2016 to June 2018, a total of 90 patients with bronchial asthma complicated with pneumonia admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Yiwu were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to the digital table, with 45 cases in each group.The control group received routine treatment and nursing.The observation group was given non-invasive ventilator-assisted treatment based on the control group, and both two groups were treated for 7 days.Blood gas indicators[pH value, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO₂)], pulmonary function indicators[ACT score, FEV₁ occupational vital capacity percentage (FEV₁/FVC), exhalation peak flow rate (PEF), lung volume (VC)], airway function indicators[peak volume ratio (PFV), expiratory flow rate/tidal expiratory peak flow rate (25/PF) when exhaled 75% tidal volume, tidal volume (VT), tidal exhalation medium flow rate/tidal inhalation medium flow rate (ME/MI)], complications during treatment and length of hospital stay were compared before and after treatment. Results: After treatment, PaO₂ [(9.12±0.76)kPa], SaO₂ [(93.72±7.59)%], ACT score [(23.67±2.13)points], FEV₁/FVC[(73.47±5.29)%], PEF[(3.68±0.58)L/s], PFV(50.36±5.27)%, 25/PF(81.36±5.34)%, VT(9.31±1.56)mL/mg, ME/MI(89.12±4.63)% in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [PaO₂(7.31±0.43)kPa, SaO₂ (86.51±5.51)%, ACT score (17.45±1.89)points, FEV₁/FVC (65.24±5.62)%, PEF (2.98±0.42)L/s, PFV (41.31±4.52)%, 25/PF (72.39±5.16)%, VT (7.69±1.65)mL/mg, ME/MI (77.96±3.71)%], the differences were statistically significant (t=13.905, 5.157, 14.653, 7.153, 6.557, 8.744, 8.103, 4.786, 10.357, all P<0.05). The incidence of complications (28.89%) and hospitalization time [(11.36±2.31)d] in the observation group were lower than those in the control group [55.56%, (15.46±2.68)d], the differences were statistically significant (t=6.559, 7.773, allP<0.05). Conclusion Non-invasive ventilator can effectively improve the blood gas index of patients with bronchial asthma complicated with pneumonia, improve lung function and airway function, reduce the incidence of complications, reduce hospitalization time, and promote the early recovery of patients.It is worthy of promoting.

Objective: To observe the effect of BiPAP non-invasive assisted ventilation on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD) with acute left heart failure. Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, 100 AECOPD patients with acute left heart failure admitted to the Central Hospital of Yiwu were randomly divided into observation group and control group according to random number table method, with 50 cases in each group.The control group received routine treatment such as oxygen inhalation, anti-infection, spasmolysis and asthma relief, phlegm resolving, diuresis and cardiotonic therapy.The observation group used BiPAP non-invasive auxiliary ventilation therapy on the basis of routine treatment.The basic vital signs[heart rate(HR), systolic blood pressure(SBP), respiratory rate(RR)] and blood gas analysis[partial pressure of arterial oxygen(PaO₂), partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO₂), oxygen saturation(SaO₂), pH value] before treatment and 48h after treatment were compared between the two groups.The levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide were observed and compared before treatment and 24h, 48h after treatment.The therapeutic effect of the two groups was compared. Results: The basic vital signs(HR, SBP, RR) and blood gas analysis (PaO₂, PaCO₂, SaO₂, pH value) of the two groups were improved after treatment, and the improvement degrees of the observation group were better than those of the control group(control group: HR t=12.352, P=0.000; RR t=7.872, P=0.000; SBP t=10.469, P=0.000; observation group: HR t=20.032, P=0.000; RR t=12.319, P=0.000; SBP t=13.911, P=0.000; intergroup comparison after treatment: HR t=6.711, P=0.000; RR t=3.742, P=0.000; SBP t=4.172, P=0.000; the control group: pH t=13.115, P=0.000, SaO₂ t=3.134, P=0.001; PaO₂ t=3.812, P=0.000; PaCO₂ t=5.335, P=0.000; the observation group: pH t=24.980, P=0.000; SaO₂ t=5.305, P=0.000; PaO₂ t=7.357, P=0.000; PaCO₂ t=10.172, P=0.000; intergroup comparison after treatment: pH t=7.394, P=0.000; SaO₂ t=2.851, P=0.002; PaO₂ t=3.467, P=0.000; PaCO₂ t=4.063, P=0.000). The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in the observation group decreased significantly after 24 hours of treatment compared with the control group, but the difference was no statistically significant(t=0.996, P=0.161). The N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group at 48 and 72 hours after treatment(t=6.043, P=0.000; t=12.897, P=0.000). The effective rate in the observation group was 88.00%(44/50), which was higher than 72.00%(36/50) in the control group(χ²=4.000, P=0.046). Conclusion BiPAP noninvasive assisted ventilation can effectively relieve symptoms, lessen the work of respiratory muscles, reduce cardiac load, improve myocardial oxygen supply, improve cardiac function, improve patients' oxygenation, improve hypoxemia and hypercapnia, reduce mortality and improve prognosis of AECOPD patients complicated with acute left heart failure.

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of general anesthesia of sevoflurane inhalation in abdominal surgery for patients with mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: The clinical data of 68 patients with COPD abdominal surgery who admitted to the Department of Anesthesiology of Yiwu Central Hospital from June 2016 to June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second in predicted value (FEV₁%pre), the patients were divided into mild group (FEV₁%pre≥80%, n=39) and moderate group (80%>FEV₁%pre≥50%, n=29). The blood gas indicators[arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂), arterial partial pressure of blood carbon dioxide (PaCO₂), blood oxygen saturation (SaO₂)], vital signs[heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP)] and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) were compared between the two groups after entering (T0), after completion of induction (T1), at abdominal exploration (T2), before the end of surgery (T3) and after extubation (T4). The recovery quality indicators were analyzed in the two groups. Results: In the mild group at T1, T2 and T3, the PaO₂ values were (301.6±76.2)mmHg, (292.6±73.4)mmHg, (112.8±34.1)mmHg, respectively, and the SaO₂ values were (99.1±0.8)%, (98.8±1.0)%, (94.5±2.2)%, respectively, all of which were significantly improved compared with those at T0 (t=23.51, 22.73, 12.34, 2.75, 2.93, 2.22, all P<0.05), while the PaCO₂ values were (40.5±9.3)mmHg, (40.2±9.1)mmHg, (43.7±7.9)mmHg, respectively, which were significantly decreased compared with those at T0 (t=0.98, 1.12, 0.84, all P<0.05). The moderate group showed the same trend as the mild group, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). At T4, the PaO₂, PaCO₂ and SaO₂ levels in the two groups showed no significant changes compared with those at T0, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at the same time (all P>0.05). At T1 and T2, the MAP levels in the mild group were (75.5±11.0)mmHg, (80.7±11.9)mmHg, respectively, the HR values were (71.4±12.5)times/min, (74.2±13.6)times/min, respectively, the SVR values were (9.1±1.6)×10² dynesos^-1ocm^-5, (9.9±2.0) ×10² dynesos^-1ocm^-5, which were significantly lower than those at T0 (t=1.35, 0.95, 1.83, 0.64, 1.42, 0.27, all P<0.05). The moderate group showed the same trend as the mild group, but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). At T3 and T4, there were no significant changes in levels of MAP, HR and SVR between the two groups compared with those at T0, and there were no significant significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). The spontaneous breathing time, duration of eye opening, time of fist, time of removing tracheal catheter and time of returning to the ward in the mild group were slightly shorter than those in the moderate group (all P>0.05). Conclusion When general anesthesia of sevoflurane inhalation is used in abdominal surgery of COPD patients, the trend of blood gas indicators is not affected by COPD, which can provide reference for clinical establishment of anesthesia regimens.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiological trends of influenza in Yiwu City， Zhejiang Province from 2017 to 2022， and to provide references for local adjustments to influenza prevention and control strategies. MethodsReal-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect and type influenza viruses in nasal and pharyngeal swab specimens of the patients with influenza-like illness （ILI）. The results were statistically analyzed. ResultsFrom 2017 to 2022， a total of 106 661 ILI cases were reported in Yiwu City， with annual reported cases of 31 273， 33 522， 20 090， 9 965， 3 202， and 8 609， respectively. The majority of ILI cases were in the age group of ≤14 years， accounting for 89.16%. A total of 6 893 specimens were collected and tested， of which 945 were tested positive for influenza virus nucleic acid， with an overall positivity rate of 13.71%. The dominant subtypes were H3N2 and B⁃Victoria， accounting for 40.63% （384/945） and 35.03% （331/945） respectively. The highest positivity rate was in 2019， at 25.19% （265/1 052）. The positivity rates significantly decreased in 2020 and 2021， to 5.74% （66/1 149） and 5.77% （75/1 300）， respectively. The rate increased in 2022 to 13.85% （180/1 300）. The highest proportion of A/H3N2 positivity was in 2017， at 69.14% （168/243）. The highest proportion of A/H1N1 positivity was in 2018，at 50.86%（59/116）. The highest proportion of B/Victoria positivity was in 2021， at 100.00% （75/75）. The highest proportion of B/Yamagata positivity was in 2018， at 5.17% （6/116）. ConclusionInfluenza in Yiwu City exhibits obvious seasonal patterns， with two peaks in winter-spring and summer. Dominant strains such as A/H3N2， B/Victoria， and A/H1N1 alternate or co-circulate. During the COVID-19 pandemic， seasonal influenza significantly decreased， and a series of prevention and control measures had a positive effect on influenza prevention and control.

Objective To evaluate the value of real time three-dimensional ultrasound in differentiating benign and malignant breast tumors. Methods One hundred and fifty-three patients with breast tumors were examined with real time three-dimensional ultrasound. The results were compared with post-operative pathological results. Results A sign of malignancy on the coronal plane was observed by three-dimensional ultrasonography,named “sun-like symptom”,because the sign looked like a shining sun:striated hyperechoic or iso-echoic images scattered radially around cancers,together with the distortion of normal tissue.The accuracy of the sign in differentiating benign and malignant breast tumors was 86.93 %( 133/153 ), the sensitivity was 78.38 %( 58/74 ), and the specificity was 94.94 %( 75/79 ). Conclusions Real time three-dimensional ultrasound is a valuable and new technique in differentiating benign and malignant breast tumors.

Objective To explore cancer factor exhausted during chemotherapy intermittent for drinking, food and oxygenic sport interference to patients suffered from ovarium cancer. Method 92 patients suffered from ovarium cancer with drinking, food and oxygenic sport interference and taking self-comparison method. Simple tired Assessment Form, European cancer treatment and research origination questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30) are as-sessed for the patients suffered from cancer tied and life quality situation before interference and after interference of 30 d so as to observe the tired relieving degree and life quality of the patients before and after interference. Results Using nursing interference and then the patients relive their tiredness greatly to have statistical significance (P <0.01). The comparison before and after interference and the life quality has statistic significance(P <0.01). Con-clusion The drinking, food and oxygenic sport interference can relieve the fired degree of the patients suffered from ovarium cancer effectively to improve the life quality of the patients.

Objective To explore the operative indication operation time and post-operative care for infants with large ventricular septal defects (VSD).Methods Eighty-eight infants who suffered from large VSD were selected,male 53 cases,female 35 cases,aged from 3 to 18 months[average (7.5-±2.9) months],weight from 5 to 13 kg [average (7.9 ± 1.9) kg].All patients underwent VSD repair and other accompanied anomaly corrections under cardiopulmonary bypass.Fifty-eight cases were operated through right atrium,14 cases through pulmonary artery and 16 cases through right ventricle.Patch repairs were done in all patients,78 cases given bovine pericardium patches,10 cases given self pericardium patches treated by Glutaral.Patients were sent to the intensive care unit after surgery,vasoactive drugs were used as a routine method.Antibotics were selected based on their sputum cultures postoperatively.Nutritional support was given in the earlier stage.Results There were no hospital death,average hospitalization days were (15.2 ± 5.9) days (from 11 to 32 days).The main complication were pneumonia (5 cases),bad coalesce of incision (4 cases),atelectasis (3 cases),minimal residual shunt of VSD (3 cases).All patients were discharged from hospital,76 cases were followed up from 1 to 12 months,2 cases had residual shunt of VSD,the residual shunt of the other case disappeared;76 patients had no clinical symptom,28 patients body weight returned to normal after 6 months of operation.There was no other complication and death.Conclusion Early surgical treatment for infants with large VSD is a safe and effective way with a better prognosis.