Objective: To establish a non-derivatization-PriME-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneou determination of 9 kinds of biogenic amines in yellow rice wine. Methods: Yellow rice wine samples were purified by PriME HLB solid phase extraction column purification, separated using Waters XSelect HSS T3 column (150 mm×2.1 mm, 3 μm), and qualified using multiple reaction monitoring mode, electrospray ion source positive ion and external standard method. Results: There was a good linear relationship for the 9 kinds of biogenic amines at 2.0 to 500.0 μg/L (r≥0.996). The limit of detection was 0.1 to 0.2 mg/L, and the limit of quantitation was 0.3 to 0.6 mg/L. The spike recovery rate of 9 kinds of biogenic amines ranged from 83.5% to 108.6% at 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L, with relative standard deviations of 2.8% to 8.7%. Conclusion Non-derivation-prime ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry can be used for the rapid quantitative detection of biogenic amines in yellow rice wine.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of noise on the antioxidant capacity in different regions of brain tissue in guinea pigs.

METHODSThirty male white red-eye guinea pigs were equally and randomly divided into five groups: 1-, 3-, 7-, and 14-day groups after noise exposure and control group. The guinea pigs of the experimental groups were exposed to steady white noise with a sound pressure level at 100 dB for 8 h per day and for 2 consecutive days. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) of guinea pigs, as well as the glutathione (GSH) level, methane dicarboxylic aldehyde (MDA) level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the cerebrum, cerebellum, and hippocampus, was determined prior to and 1, 3, 7, and 14 days after noise exposure.

RESULTSAfter noise exposure, the shifts in ABR threshold of the experimental groups were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with those in the control group, the SOD activity and GSH level both significantly decreased in the cerebrum tissue of each experimental group after noise exposure (P<0.05) and MDA content significantly increased in the 1-day group (P<0.05). As for cerebellum tissue, the SOD activity and GSH level in the 7-day group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05), but there was no difference in MDA level between each experimental group and the control group (P>0.05). In comparison with those in the control group, the GSH and MDA levels in the 1-day group after noise exposure were significantly higher, and the GSH and MDA levels in the 3-day group and the MDA level in the 7-day group after noise exposure were significantly lower (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONNoise exposure can lead to hearing loss and affect the antioxidant capacity of brain tissue, which indicates that the improvement in antioxidant levels may alleviate noise-induced damage.

Animals ; Antioxidants ; chemistry ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Chemistry ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Glutathione ; chemistry ; Guinea Pigs ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; chemistry ; Noise ; adverse effects ; Superoxide Dismutase ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo develop the knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on the prevention and control of occupational diseases for occupational groups, and to provide a convenient and effective tool for the survey of knowledge, attitude, and behavior on the prevention and control of occupational diseases in occupational groups and the evaluation of intervention effect.

METHODSThe initial questionnaire which was evaluated by the experts was used to carry out a pre-survey in Guangzhou, China. The survey results were statistically analyzed by t test, identification index method, correlation analysis, and Cronbach's a coefficient method. And then the questionnaire was further modified, and the content of the questionnaire was determined finally.

RESULTSAfter modification, there were 18 items on knowledge, 16 items on attitude, and 12 items on behavior in the "Knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on the prevention and control of occupational diseases for enterprise managers"; there were 19 items on knowledge, 10 items on attitude, and 11 items on behavior in the "Knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on the prevention and control of occupational diseases for workers".

CONCLUSIONThe knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire on the prevention and control of occupational diseases for occupational groups is developed successfully, and it is a convenient and effective tool for the survey of knowledge, attitude, and behavior on the prevention and control of occupational diseases in occupational groups and the evaluation of intervention effect.

China ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Objective:To understand the training needs of basic food and drug supervision personnel to provide guidance for the future textbook compiling and training. Methods:The work, training and learning needs of basic food and drug supervision personnel were investigated using the questionnaire survey in the director of the county bureau. Results:The difference in the professional back-ground among the supervision persons and the training were significant in different areas. Conclusion: By strengthening training and textbook construction, the ability of basic food and drug supervision personnel can be enhanced and the supervision and regulation level can be improved as well.

Animals ; Connective Tissue Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Fibrosis ; Herbicides ; poisoning ; Lentivirus ; Lung ; pathology ; Paraquat ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; pathology ; Pulmonary Fibrosis ; pathology ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Rats

Objective:To evaluate the influencing factors of carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV) and its value to predict outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods:Eligible patients undergoing PD in Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiao Tong University between August 2016 and July 2018 were recruited and prospectively followed up until death, PD cessation, or to the end of the study. CF-PWV was measured by an arterial pulse wave velocity meter to assess arterial stiffness (July 31, 2020). Overhydration was measured by bioimpedance spectroscopy. The patients were divided into CF-PWV≤10 m/s group and CF-PWV>10 m/s group according to the measured value of CF-PWV. The influencing factors of elevated CF-PWV were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze the difference for all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality between the two groups.Results:A total of 224 PD patients were enrolled, including 133 males (59.4%). The age was (55.2±13.4) years old, and median PD vintage was 22.3(6.5, 59.3) months. Among them, 47(21.0%) patients were comorbid with diabetes, and 37(16.5%) patients had CVD history. The median CF-PWV was 9.6(8.4, 11.4) m/s for the cohort, and 105(46.9%) participants had CF-PWV over 10 m/s. Compared with CF-PWV≤10 m/s group, CF-PWV>10 m/s group patients had older age, increased percentage of diabetes and CVD (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that increased age ( OR=1.070, 95% CI 1.043-1.099, P<0.001), diabetes ( OR=3.693, 95% CI 1.646-8.287, P=0.002) and higher overhydration ( OR=1.238, 95% CI 1.034-1.483, P=0.020) were independent influencing factors for elevated CF-PWV in PD patients. After followed up for 37.4(25.6, 41.7) months, 24 patients died, including 19 cases of CVD-related deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that all-cause mortality and CVD mortality were significantly higher in the CF-PWV>10 m/s group than those in CF-PWV≤10 m/s group (Log-rank χ2=6.423, P=0.011; Log-rank χ2=6.243, P=0.012, respectively). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models showed that increased age was an independent influencing factor for both all-cause mortality and CVD mortality ( HR=1.057, 95% CI 1.010-1.107, P=0.018; HR=1.062, 95% CI 1.009-1.118, P=0.022). Conclusions:Increased arterial stiffness is relatively common in PD patients. Higher CF-PWV in PD patients is associated with increased age, diabetes and higher overhydration, and it is probably a valuable predictor of outcome in PD patients.

Objective To find out whether conversation analysis helps to differentiate psychogenic nonepileptic seizure (PNES) from epileptic seizure in Chinese patients.Methods Twelve unselected patients from Peking Union Medical College Hospital during 2014 to 2016 with diagnostic uncertainty were included.Interactions following standard protocol were carried out.A linguist blinded to all medical data and a neurologist studied videos and transcripts of the interactions.Using a diagnostic scoring aid which includes 17 conversation features summarized from previous researches, they attempted to predict the medical diagnosis of those patients independently.Results Accurate diagnosis was predicted in 10/12 patients by both raters.Average scores of patients with epileptic seizures were 8.00 (linguist) and 6.75 (neurologist), while average scores of paitents with PNES were-5.75 (linguist) and-7.88 (neurologist).Both raters agreed on most individual items (81.86%, 167/204).To demonstrate different features between these two groups, a case comparison was made between one patient with frontal lobe epilepsy and one patient with PNES.Conclusion In Chinese patients, conversation analysis can help differentiate between epileptic seizure and PNES.

Objective: To compare the incidence of adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) and clinical outcomes of minimally invasive versus traditional transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) in the treatment of L _4,5 single-segment lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) and explore the risk factors of ASDeg. Methods: All of 115 patients with LSS who were treated by the same group of doctors from 2009 to 2013, with a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Thirty-eight patients underwent minimally invasive trans-foraminal lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-TLIF) and 77 patients underwent traditional TLIF. Standing radiographs at the preopera-tive period and the final follow-up were assessed. Radiological parameters included lumbar lordosis (LL), fused segment angle (FSA), disc height (DH) and range of motion (ROM). Babu classification was used to identify facet joint violation (FJV) in patients at 5-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes were assessed according to visual analog scale (VAS) score, Japanese Orthopaedic Associa-tion (JOA) score and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Student's t-test, Chi-square test, and non-parametric test were used as the main statistical methods. Results: The mean age of MIS-TLIF group was 58.2±8.8 years, and that of TLIF group was 54.7±11.2 years, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. The mean follow-up time was 64.5±3.8 months in the MIS-TLIF group and 63.9±3.3 months in the TLIF group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There were 17 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis in MIS-TLIF group (44.7%) and 35 cases of degenerative spondylolisthesis in TLIF group (45.5%), and there was no significant difference between the two groups. There was no significant difference in DH and ROM of L_3,4, L_4,5, L₅S₁ between the two groups before operation. There was no significant difference in VAS, JOA and ODI scores between the two groups before operation. The VAS, JOA and ODI scores were significantly improved at the last follow-up compared with those before operation. After 5-year follow-up, 56 cases (48.7%) had ASDeg. The incidence of ASDeg was 31.6% in MIS-TLIF group and 57.1% in TLIF group, and there was statistical differences between the two groups (χ²=6.656, P <0.01). Among them, 32 cases only had upper segment ASDeg (6 cases in MIS-TLIF group, 26 cases in TLIF group), 19 cases only had lower segment ASDeg (6 cases in MIS-TLIF group, 13 cases in TLIF group), and 5 cases had both upper and lower ASDeg (5 cases in the TLIF group). The DH of adjacent segments decreased after operation, but the loss of DH in MIS-TLIF group was smaller than that in TLIF group, including L_3,4 segments (-4.9%±6.4% vs-8.7%±7.2%, t=-2.761, P <0.01), L5S1 segment (-4.7%±9.8% vs-10.5%±11.7%, t=-2.623, P <0.01). The ROM of adjacent segments increased in both groups, but the increase of ROM in MIS-TLIF group was smaller than that in TLIF group, including L _3,4 segments (1.1°±1.8° vs 2.3°±2.5°, t=-3.122, P <0.01), L₅S₁ segment (0.9°± 1.9 ° vs 1.8°±1.9 °, t=-2.353, P <0.01). The incidence of FJV was 54.2% in patients with ASDeg in MIS-TLIF group and 47.7% in patients with ASDeg in TLIF group. Chi-square analysis showed that FJV was related to ASDeg in both groups (χ²=3.869, P < 0.05). Conclusion Both of the two surgical methods have good clinical effects on L _4,5 single-segment LSS. The incidence of AS-Deg after MIS-TLIF is lower than that of TLIF. FJV is a risk factor for ASDeg.

Objective: To study the effect of sodium aescinate on the development process of lung injury induced by paraquat. Methods: Forty-five health adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, PQ group, sodium aescinate group, and 15 rats in each group. The PQ group and sodium aescinate group were given a one-time intraperitoneal injection of 18mg/kg body weight of rats PQ, the control group was given the same amout normal saline. Rats in sodium aescinate group were injected 2 mg/kg body weight sodium aescinate into abdominal cavity for 7 days continually, but the same volume of saline was injected into the other groups. Finally, at 7, 14 and 28 days after PQ poisoning, five rats were kills for measuring lung tissue pathological changes and the value of TGF-β₁, TNF-α, hydroxyproline in each group. Results: The expression of TNF-α in serum of 7th day [ (17.03±0.82) ng/ml] and 14th day [ (15.74±0.91) ng/ml] of sodium aescinate group were lower than the corresponding period of PQ groups’, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05) . The expression of TGF-β₁ in serum of 7th day[ (225.93±8.33) ng/ml], 14th day [ (216.62±9.48) ng/ml] and 28th[ (181.41±6.10) ng/ml] of sodium aescinate group were lower than the corresponding period of PQ groups’, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05) . Lung tissue pathological changes showed, compared with control group, inflammatory injury at 7th day and fibrosis degree at 28th of rats’ lung reduced on sodium aescinate group. The expression of hydroxyproline in rats’ lung of 7th day[ (1.246±0.018) μg/mg], 14th day [ (1.269±0.034) μg/mg] and 28th[ (1.283±0.028) μg/mg] of sodium aescinate group were lower than the corresponding period of PQ groups’, and the difference had statistical significance (P<0.05) . Conclusion sodium aescinate could reduce the pulmonary inflammatory injury and hydroxyproline value of PQ poisoning rats, so sodium aescinate could ameliorate lung injury induced by PQ.

Objective To investigate the combined effect of noise and hand-transmitted vibration on hearing loss in male noise-exposed workers. Methods A total of 952 male noise-exposed workers from an automobile manufacturing enterprise were selected as the research subjects using judgment sampling method. Occupational epidemiological surveys, assessments of occupational hazards in workplace, and pure-tone audiometry tests were conducted on the research subjects, and they were divided into low-level noise group, low-level combined group, high-level noise group, and high-level combined group according to whether the noise exposure level exceeded the national standard and whether they were jointly exposed to hand-transmitted vibration. The joint effects of noise and hand-transmitted vibration on hearing loss were analyzed. Results The detection rate of hearing loss in 952 noise-exposed workers was 21.7%. The detection rate of hearing loss of four groups, from high to low, was as follows： high-level combined group, high-level noise group, low-level combined group, and low-level noise group (44.9% vs 32.7% vs 12.9% vs 5.7%, P<0.01). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of hearing loss in the low-level noise group, the low-level combined group, the high-level noise group and the high-level combined group increased sequentially after adjusting for the confounding factors such as age, education level, smoking, drinking, listening to music with headphones, frequency of wearing noise-blocking earplugs and body mass index. The risk of hearing loss in the high-level noise group was 8.62 times more than that of the low-level noise group (P<0.01). The risk of hearing loss in the low-level noise combined group was 2.50 times more than that of the low-level noise group (P<0.01). The risks of hearing loss in the high-level combined group were 5.76 and 1.67 times more than that of the low-level combined group and the high-level noise group. Conclusion Combined exposure to noise and hand-transmitted vibration can increase the risk of hearing loss in male noise-exposed workers, and the higher the noise intensity, the greater the synergistic effect. Hand-transmitted vibration is a synergistic risk factor for occupational noise-induced hearing loss.