Objective To investigate the effects of Ulinastatin(UTI)on the function of splenic lymphocytes from rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Method Twenty-eight Wister rats(clean grade)were randomly divided into control,sham operation,SAP,and ulinastatin group.No operation was performed in control group.And rats with sham-operation received laparotomy and catheterization into choledocho-pancreatic duct without injection of sodium deoxycholic.Rats in ulinastatin group received ulinastatin injection(50000 U/kg)via tail vein 30 minutes after pancreatitis induced with DCA injected into pancreatic duct.Rats ofother groups were given equal volume of saline.At 2,4 hours after operation,all animals were killed by neck dislocation,and splenocytes were isolated and cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10%fetal calf serum.Proliferation of splenecytes was determined with MIT cellular proliferation assay.Levels of Th1 cytokines(IL-2,IFN-γ)and Th2 cytokine(IL-10)in supematants of splenoeytesweremeasured by ELISA.Quantitative data were expressed as mean±SE.Statistical analyses were performed by Student's t test with SPSS software(version 10.0 for Windows).A P value less than 0.05 Was considered statistically significant. Results The concentration of IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-γ and proliferative activity of splenocytes in SAP group were significantly lower than that in sham operation group.In contrast,the proliferative as well as the eytokine-releasing capacities of the solenecms from rats treated with UTI were significantly increased compared with those from rats with SAP.Conclusions The deficiencies in proliferation and cytokine release in response to antigen stimulation inaplys an anergic state of splenocytes during SAP.Treatment with UTI contributed to the recovery of the immune function by improving proliferative responses and cytokine release of splenocytes.

Objective : To investigate the incidence of dental anxiety in pregnant women and its influencing factors. Methods : A total of 2 638 pregnant women in Shanghai were included in this study. Data on demographic and social factors, oral health behaviors and the number of teeth were collected. Participants completed the modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS), and an MDAS score greater than 12 was defined as a dental anxiety disorder. An electronic data capture system (EDC) was used to establish a database, and SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the degree of anxiety and its influencing factors. Results: A total of 2 638 valid questionnaires were received. The incidence of dental anxiety in pregnant women was 34.9%. The results of a univariate analysis showed that the prevalence of dental anxiety in pregnant women (P<0.001) and MDAS score decreased (P<0.05) with increasing age, annual family income, educational level, frequency of cleaning, frequency of brushing and number of teeth. Conversely, the prevalence of dental anxiety in pregnant women (P<0.05) and MDAS score increased (P<0.05) as the number of pregnancies and gingival bleeding increased. Logistic analysis showed that education level “college” (P = 0.003) and “bachelor and above” (P<0.001), frequency of dental cleaning “semiannually or annually” (P = 0.021) and “biennial” (P<0.001), and frequency of brushing “twice a day” (P<0.001) were significantly associated with dental anxiety in pregnant women and were protective factors (OR<1). The frequency of gingival bleeding “Sometimes”(P<0.001) and the number of teeth “≤ 27” (P<0.001) were also significant risk factors for dental anxiety in pregnant women (OR>1).The results of a negative binomial regression analysis of MDAS showed that the frequency of dental cleaning and the number of teeth were significantly associated with dental anxiety. The frequency of dental cleaning "semiannually or annually" (P<0.001) was a protective factor (OR<1) for pregnant women's dental anxiety. The number of teeth ≤27 (P<0.001) was a risk factor (OR>1) for dental anxiety in pregnant women. Conclusion Educational level, teeth cleaning frequency, teeth brushing frequency, gingival bleeding, and the number of teeth influence dental anxiety in pregnant women. To effectively reduce the prevalence of dental anxiety, dentists should attach great importance to it in clinical practice and enhance pregnant women's awareness of oral hygiene maintenance by disseminating relevant health care knowledge.