Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of stent treatment for the benign or malignant colorectal obstruction. Methods Under fluoroscopic and / or endoscopic guidance stent implantation was performed in 30 patients with colonic or rectal obstruction. The obstruction sites were located at rectum (n = 20), recto-sigmoid juncture (n = 2), sigmoid colon (n = 3), descending colon (n = 3) and transverse colon (n = 2). Results Thirty-one colorectal stents were implanted in total 30 patients, the technical success rate was 92% by once-through operation. The patients were immediately relieved of the symptoms of intestinal obstruction. No complications related to stent implantation occurred. The average survival time in patients with malignant obstruction was 271 days. Conclusion For colorectal obstruction, stent implantation through anus is a minimally-invasive, safe and effective treatment with few complications. The procedure can effectively relieve the patients of the intestinal obstruction symptoms and, thus, improve their living quality.

Objective To evaluate the influence of a selective Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor (fasudil hydrochloride) on outflow facility in enucleated porcine,rabbit and bovine eyes.Methods At the constant perfusion pressure of 15 mm-Hg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),the baseline coefficient of outflow facility (C0) of the isolated porcine,rabbit and bovine eyes was recorded respectively.The enucleated porcine eyes were divided into two groups randomly (n =6),and they were control group and experimental group.The same grouping method was also used-C0 the ribbit and bovine eyes.The control group was subjected to GPBS perfusion,while the experimental group was treated with 100 μmol · L-1 fasudil solution,followed by recording the experimental coefficient of outflow facility (C1),as well as calculating ΔC (ΔC =C1-C0) and ΔC％ (ΔC％ =ΔC/C0).Finally,the paired t test and one-way analysis of variance were performed using SPSS 17.0.Results As for porcine eyes,the ΔC％ of the control group was (17.83 ± 3.84) ％ while the experimental group was (44.00 ± 6.44) ％;as for rabbit eyes,the ΔC％ of the control group was (15.50 ± 2.93) ％,while the experimental group was (31.67 ±6.54)％;as for bovine eyes,the ΔC％ of the control group was (11.67 ± 1.17)％,while the experimental group was (37.17 ± 4.48)％.The ΔC％ in the experimental group was significantly increased when compared with the control group in three animals,with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in ΔC％ of three experimental groups among different kinds of animals (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Fasudil can improve outflow facility in enucleated eyes of animals,and it can redistribute aqueous humor drainage to a wider area through directly regulating the cytoskeleton of cells and matrix,resulting in increased coefficient of outflow facility.

Objective To assess the effectiveness of carotid endarterectomy(CEA) in the surgical treatment of stenosis of carotid artery.Methods From December 2003 to June 2006,28 patients of carotid arteriosclerotic stenosis received CEA and vascular repair or plasty(VP).Before and after operation,the hemodynamic parameters including inner diameter of internal carotid canal,blood flow rate,blood flow and blood flow rate of middle cerebral artery of 28 patients were measured by color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) and transcranial Doppler(TCD).Results The inner diameter of internal carotid canal in all patients recovered to normal range.Blood flow rate and blood flow after operation were improved.No postoperative complications occurred,and no aneurysms formed.Conclusion CEA is one of the effective ways to manage carotid stenosis and angioplasty can improve the long-term efficiency.

Objective To establish a single nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping (SNP) method for a convenient, accurate, and routine analysis of clinical samples. Methods Based on the design of oligonucleotide probe, the assay was performed through three steps:the conjunction of the detection probe, universal amplification, labeling and ELISA reaction. The genotype of each SNP was revealed by reading signals of each set of reaction tubes. This assay was applied to detect sixty-two plasma samples of lung cancer for circulating DNA for three SNPs of EGFR, c.2573T＞G(L858R), EGFR, c.2582T＞G＞T(G719C). Results were compared with those obtained by direct sequencing. Results The heterozygote mutation was identified for L858R by both methods, although no mutation was detected for L861Q and G719C. Six samples were identified as heterozygotes with the new method, and only two samples were unambiguously identified as heterozygotes by the direct sequencing. Two additional samples could not be identified as heterozygotes because the peak of mutant allele was very low compared with that of wild allele. Conclusion The developed method enabled accurate identification of SNP in a convenient manner, and which is adapted to routine analysis from heterogeneous samples unambiguously.

Objective To investigate the effect of β3-adrenoreceptor (β3-AR)overexpression on cardiac hypertrophy. Method Sprague-Dawley rat neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVMs) were isolated and cul-tured in vitro.The infection of lentiviruswas examined after cardiomyocytes were infected with lentivirus at differ-ent multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 20、50、80 and 100. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the ex-pression of GFP and to confirm the best MOI for lentivirus infection. Following the enforced expression of β3-AR by lentivirus, 2uM norepinephrine (NE) was used to treatment the infected cardiomyocytes for 48h. Expressions of β3-AR、c-myc and c-fos protein in cardiomyocytes were detected by Western Blot. Results The results of fluorescence microscopy indicated that the best MOI was 50. The protein level of β3-AR was significantly in-creased in β3-AR overexpression group compared with the control group and the NE treatment group (P < 0.05). Following the treatment of NE , the expressions of c-myc and c-fos were also significantly increased in β3-AR overexpression group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Over-expression of β3-AR can aggravate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.

Objective To observe the interfractional variation and actual dose for cervical cancer patients treated with tomotherapy.Methods Five patients who received tomotherapy were chosen from Aug 2013 to Feb 2014.A megavohage computed tomography (MVCT) scan was performed before treatment and then registered with the planning CT images.Dose distributions were recalculated and targets were contoured on the MVCT images.The differences between the actual radiation and planning were analyzed.Results In the patients received external radiotherapy, the decline in cervix volume and maximum diameter was 68.90％ and 26.91％ , respectively (t =5.21, 8.39, P ＜0.05).Cervix, uterus and CTV movement in left-right, anteroposterior, superoinferior were 1.43,-7.72, 0.02,-0.40,-1.24, -6.51,-0.43,-1.68and-0.22mm.The medianCTV V95％ was 99.40％ (95.96％-100％), and missing volume was 6.94 cm3 (0-32.30 cm3).Conclusions During radiotherapy for cervical cancer patients, the volume, position and doses are different between initial plan and actual radiation.Based on image guided radiation therapy (IGRT), missing targets are limited.

Objective To study the brain protection of sequential double-sided antegrade cerebral perfusion to central nervous system in arotie arch surgery. Methods 24 patients received aortic arch replacement under deep hyperthermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) ,with fight-sided, and following double-sided, and left-sided,if necessary, antagrade cerebral perfnsion through right axillary arterial cannula or right femoral arterial eannula homeochronously. Post-operation recovery and the central nervous complications (CNC) were recorded and analyzed. Results 2 cases died, one of whom died of refractory low cardiac output syndrome and the other died of late massive gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage. No patient suffered severe CNC. Conclusion Sequential double-sided antegrade cerebral perfusion combined with DHCA can provide good brain protection in arotic arch replacement.

BACKGROUND:Breast cancer stem cells not only lead to theoccurrence of breast cancer, but also may cause breast cancer metastasis and recurrence. The relationship between stem cells and cell resistance is also gaining increasing attentions, and the focus on the stem cell treatment may result in unexpected results.OBJECTIVE:To explore the reversal effect of psoralen on glutathione-S-transferase π (GST-π) in human breast cancer MCF-7/ADR cells and its mechanism.METHODS:MCF-7/ADR cells were cultured and enriched in serum-free medium to obtain breast cancer stem cells.RT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the expression of GST-π at the levels of gene and protein in the MCF-7/ADR cells after treatment with 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 mg/L psoralen. To observe the activation of nuclear factor-κB,western blot was used. The expression of GST-π was detected by RT-PCR in 18 μmol/L SN50 group and 8 mg/L psoralen group. Cell counting kit-8 assay was used to detect the effect of doxorubicin on cell proliferation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, psoralen reduced the expression of GST-π at the mRNA and protein levels, and significantly inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB. It was suggested that psoralen could reverse the multidrug resistance of human breast cancer MCF-7/ADR stem cells by decreasing the expression level of GST-π. The mechanism may be achieved by inhibiting the nuclear factor-κB signal pathway.

Objective To establish a simple,rapid and sensitive nucleotide polymorphisms genotyping method in order to conduct the routine clinical detections under the simple laboratory condition by this method.Methods Based on the ligase-agarose gel electrophoresis,the oligonucleotide detection probes of mutational sites was designed.The detection underwent the detection probe connecting,purification and universal amplification,finally the mutation genotypes of detection sites were judged by the ap-peared bands in the agarose gel electrophoresis(AGE).With the 3 SNP sites EGFR,c.2573T>G(L858R),EGFR,c.2582T> A (L861Q)and EGFR,c.2155 G>T(G719C)in epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)gene as the detection objects,the plasmid template and plasma circulating DNA sample in lung cancer were performed the detection.Results The established method was easy to operate with higher specificity and sensitivity.After 20-30 cycles of PCR amplification,the genotype of detection sites was clearly estimated according to the amplification band.When detecting the mixed alleles in the heterogeneous sample,minimal 2.5%mutation alleles could be detected out.This method and the direct sequencing method could respectively detect 6 cases and 2 cases of heterozygotes mutation in the SNP site of L858R among 62 samples of lung cancer.Conclusion The established detection method for SNP genotyping is suitable to the routine mutation detection on the heterogeneous samples under the simple laboratory condi-tion.

Objective To explore the effect of psoralen on topoisomerase IIα(TopoIIα) expression of breast cancer stem cells.Methods CD44+CD24-/low breast cancer stem cells were sorted from MCF-7/ADR by magnetic-activated cell sorting(MACS).We observed the growth characteristics of these stem cells through optical microscope and detected the growth-inhibitory effects of psoralen on breast cancer stem cells by CCK-8 assay and IC50 of adriamycin and adriamycin combined with psoralen to calculate the reversal index.The mRNA and protein expressions of Topo IIα were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.Results Under the optical microscope, breast cancer stem cells presented spheres.IC10 and IC20 of psoralen on breast cancer stem cells were (6.77±0.23)μg/mL and (10.36±0.21)μg/mL.IC50 of adriamycin and adriamycin combined with psoralen on breast cancer stem cells was (90.03±3.56)μg/mL and (21.47±0.82)μg/mL, the reversal index was 4.19.Psoralen significantly raised the expressions of Topo Ⅱα at mRNA and protein levels.Conclusion Psoralen reversed the resistance of adriamycin by increasing the gene and protein expressions of breast cancer stem cells Topo Ⅱα and the drug targets.