ObjectiveThis study aims to elucidate the potential mechanism of Zuojinwan in improving liver fibrosis through hepatic tissue metabolomics analysis. MethodsTwenty-four mice were randomly allocated into normal group， model group ， positive drug group （silymarin， 100 mg·kg^-1）， and Zuojinwan group （Zuojinwan solution， 2.5 g·kg^-1）， with per group six mice. Liver fibrosis model was induced via intraperitoneal injection of olive oil solution with 10% carbon tetrachloride （CCl₄） （0.5 μL·g^-1， three times weekly for 8 weeks） in all groups except the normal group. During the final 4 weeks， the silymarin group received silymarin （100 mg·kg^-1） by gavage thrice weekly， while the Zuojinwan group was administered Zuojinwan solution （2.5 g·kg^-1） under the same regimen. After the last administration， the levels of liver fibrosis indicators and liver injury markers in serum were detected. The pathological morphological changes of the liver tissues were observed. The levels of liver fibrosis markers α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and Collagen Ⅰ（ColⅠ） were detected. Metabolomics was analyzed on mice's liver tissues. The mice's serum was collected for metabolomics analysis. ResultsCompared with the model group， Zuojinwan significantly improved indicators related to liver fibrosis and liver injury. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed significantly elevated levels of fibrosis markers such as laminin （LN）， hyaluronic acid （HA）， procollagen typeⅢ （PC-Ⅲ）， and type Ⅳ Collagen （Ⅳ-C）， while liver injury indicators such as alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， and total bilirubin （TBIL）， exhibited a marked upward trend （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the silymarin group showed a significant decrease in the aforementioned indicators （P<0.05）. Notably， compared with the model group， the Zuojinwan group exhibited a significant reduction in all these indicators （P<0.05）， with efficacy comparable to that of the silymarin group. Zuojinwan reduced mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA and ColⅠ in the liver tissue. Metabolomics results revealed that compared with the model group， Zuojiinwan significantly reduced levels of glucose metabolism-related metabolites such as D-fructose 1，6-bisphosphate （FBP）， nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate （NADPH）， sodium beta-D-fructose 6-phosphate （F6P）， dihydroxyacetone phosphate （DHAP）， fumaric acid， and D-glucose 6-phosphate （G6P） （P<0.05）. Serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect glucose metabolism indicators and further validate the regulatory effect of Zuojinwan on glucose metabolism. ConclusionThese results suggest that Zuojinwan may improve liver fibrosis by regulating the dysregulated levels of glucose metabolism during the progression of liver fibrosis.

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection is a major respiratory disease threatening the health of infants and immuno-compromised populations worldwide,with no specific therapeutic drugs available.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has shown unique advantages of multi-target and multi-pathway in the prevention and treatment of RSV infection,and its mechanism is closely re-lated to the regulation of cellular signaling pathways.This article systematically reviews the research progress of TCM including mono-mer components and compound prescriptions in intervening RSV infection through nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK/STAT),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1)and other signaling pathways.Current re-search still has problems such as insufficient analysis of pathway synergy mechanisms,unclear material basis of compounds,and single technical means.Future studies should focus on cross-talk of multiple pathways,identification of active component groups of TCM,and research on"syndrome-type-pathway"association,combined with cutting-edge technologies such as network pharmacology and or-ganoid models,so as to provide a scientific basis for the mechanism and clinical transformation of TCM against RSV infection.

Objective: To construct and validate a prognostic model for lung cancer based on acrolein-related genes using bioinformatics methods . Methods: Lung cancer datasets GSE30219 and GSE68465 were obtained from the GEO database , and acrolein-related gene sets were retrieved from the CTD database . Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cancer and adjacent tissues were identified in the GSE30219 dataset. The intersection of these DEGs and acrolein-related genes was then used to identify candidate genes . Gene set variation analysis ( GSVA) was performed to assess functional alterations based on the intersection genes . A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on the STRING database to identify core hub genes . Subsequently , support vector machine recursive feature elimination (SVM-RFE) and LASSO-Cox regression analyses were employed to develop a prognostic model based on acrolein-related genes , which was independently validated using the GSE68465 dataset. The CIBERSORT algorithm was applied to evaluate the immune cell infiltration characteristics between high- and low-risk groups , and functional enrichment analysis of DEGs between the two groups was conducted to further ex- plore the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the prognostic model . Results : A total of 361 acrolein-related DEGs were identified in lung cancer , and 7 key genes were selected for model construction . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that patients in the high-risk group had significantly lower survival rates compared to those in the low-risk group (P < 0. 000 1) . Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the mod- el possessed good predictive performance . Moreover , immune infiltration analysis indicated that the risk score was closely associated with multiple immune cell subsets , suggesting a potential role of acrolein-related genes in modula- ting the lung cancer immune microenvironment. Conclusion The prognostic model for lung cancer based on acro- lein-related genes demonstrates significant application value in predicting the prognosis of lung cancer , providing new insights into the potential mechanisms of acrolein in the onset and progression of lung cancer.

Purpose To explore the role of translesion synthesis-related gene NmrA like redox sensor 1(NMRAL1)in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods Bioinformatics analysis was em-ployed to investigate the expression of the NMRAL1 gene across various cancer types and its correlation with prognosis.Immunohistochemistry was utilized to analyze the expression pattern of NMRAL1 in PTC and conduct clinicopathological correlation analysis.Additionally,stable cell lines overexpressing NMRAL1 were established in TPC-1 cells.The effects of NMRAL1 overexpression on cell proliferation,migration,and invasion of TPC-1 and Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were assessed using CCK-8 assay,clonogenic assay,Transwell assay,and scratch assay,respectively.Furthermore,RT-qPCR experiments were conducted to investigate the regulatory effect of NMRAL1 on the expression of genes associated with translesion DNA synthesis.Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed that NMRAL1 was highly expressed in all 26 types of tumors compared to normal tissues in the TCGA x GTEx dataset.Patients with high expression of NMRAL1 in thyroid cancer had significantly lower survival rates than those with low expression(P＜0.05).In the immunohisto-chemical validation of 30 PTC samples,NMRAL1 had a positive rate of 73.33％,in PTC tissues,while it was not ex-pressed in adjacent normal thyroid tissues.The staining intensity scores of NMRAL1 in PTC and adjacent tissues exhib-it significant differences(P＜0.000 1).High expression of NMRAL1 was associated with the size of the tumor(P=0.027 4)and lymph node metastasis(P=0.044 1).In vitro functional experiments revealed a significant enhance-ment in both cell proliferation and migration/invasion capacities upon overexpression of NMRAL1(P＜0.05).Moreo-ver,mRNA and protein expression levels of translesion synthesis-related genes were upregulated(P＜0.001).Con-clusion NMRAL1 promotes proliferation and migration of thyroid carcinoma cells,suggesting that this function may be achieved by enhancing DNA damage repair capacity,thereby improving the survival of damaged cells.

Based on the underlying mechanism of acupuncture therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),we discussed the research on the pathological mechanism of ICH and the effect of acupuncture therapy in recent 20 years,from primary and secondary brain injury.It was concluded that acupuncture had an intervention effect on multiple links such as hematoma compression,brain edema,oxidative stress,nerve cell death and cerebral blood flow changes.However,there were still problems such as less in vivo research,lack of thinking on syndrome differentiation and insufficient research on the quantity effect and overall regulation of acupuncture.

Objective·To develop a nomogram prediction model and an online risk calculator,and to predict the continence of patients after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods·A total of 604 prostate cancer patients who underwent RARP and had preoperative prostate magnetic resonance imaging at the Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from September 2022 to December 2024 were analyzed and included.All patients were randomly resampled and divided into a training set(n=420)and a validation set(n=184)at a ratio of 7∶3.The patients'continence was followed up every month from the first month after the operation.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)model was applied to screen the features.A Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to establish a prediction model integrating the features selected from the LASSO analysis.The receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to predict the recovery of continence in patients after RARP,and the areas under the curve were compared by the DeLong test to evaluate the discrimination of the model.Calibration curves and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the calibration and clinical utility the model.Results·According to the postoperative continence follow-up data of the patients,the continence rate of the patients at 3 months after the operation was 58.28%(352/604).The length of the membranous urethra,the thickness of the right levator ani muscle,and blood loss were identified as independent predictors of early postoperative(3-month)incontinence by Logistic multivariate regression analysis of the training set.The area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.976(0.954,0.998)for the training set and 0.977(0.945,1.000)for the validation set,demonstrating good discrimination of this model.No significant difference between the ROC curves of the training set and the validation set was confirmed by the DeLong test(P=0.949).A good goodness of fit of this model was demonstrated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test(P=0.179).The clinical utility of the nomogram prediction model was indicated by the DCA plot.This nomogram prediction model was incorporated into an online calculator(https://yitingd.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp).Conclusion·This study developed and validated a nomogram prediction model that can effectively predict the early continence of patients after RARP.The length of the membranous urethra,the thickness of the right levator ani muscle,and the intraoperative blood loss are significant independent predictors of early postoperative incontinence.

Objective·To develop a nomogram prediction model and an online risk calculator,and to predict the continence of patients after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(RARP).Methods·A total of 604 prostate cancer patients who underwent RARP and had preoperative prostate magnetic resonance imaging at the Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from September 2022 to December 2024 were analyzed and included.All patients were randomly resampled and divided into a training set(n=420)and a validation set(n=184)at a ratio of 7∶3.The patients'continence was followed up every month from the first month after the operation.The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)model was applied to screen the features.A Logistic multivariate regression analysis was used to establish a prediction model integrating the features selected from the LASSO analysis.The receiver operator characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn to predict the recovery of continence in patients after RARP,and the areas under the curve were compared by the DeLong test to evaluate the discrimination of the model.Calibration curves and decision curve analysis(DCA)were used to evaluate the calibration and clinical utility the model.Results·According to the postoperative continence follow-up data of the patients,the continence rate of the patients at 3 months after the operation was 58.28%(352/604).The length of the membranous urethra,the thickness of the right levator ani muscle,and blood loss were identified as independent predictors of early postoperative(3-month)incontinence by Logistic multivariate regression analysis of the training set.The area under the ROC curve was calculated as 0.976(0.954,0.998)for the training set and 0.977(0.945,1.000)for the validation set,demonstrating good discrimination of this model.No significant difference between the ROC curves of the training set and the validation set was confirmed by the DeLong test(P=0.949).A good goodness of fit of this model was demonstrated by the Hosmer-Lemeshow test(P=0.179).The clinical utility of the nomogram prediction model was indicated by the DCA plot.This nomogram prediction model was incorporated into an online calculator(https://yitingd.shinyapps.io/DynNomapp).Conclusion·This study developed and validated a nomogram prediction model that can effectively predict the early continence of patients after RARP.The length of the membranous urethra,the thickness of the right levator ani muscle,and the intraoperative blood loss are significant independent predictors of early postoperative incontinence.

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)infection is a major respiratory disease threatening the health of infants and immuno-compromised populations worldwide,with no specific therapeutic drugs available.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has shown unique advantages of multi-target and multi-pathway in the prevention and treatment of RSV infection,and its mechanism is closely re-lated to the regulation of cellular signaling pathways.This article systematically reviews the research progress of TCM including mono-mer components and compound prescriptions in intervening RSV infection through nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB),Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription(JAK/STAT),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/Akt),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1(Nrf2/HO-1)and other signaling pathways.Current re-search still has problems such as insufficient analysis of pathway synergy mechanisms,unclear material basis of compounds,and single technical means.Future studies should focus on cross-talk of multiple pathways,identification of active component groups of TCM,and research on"syndrome-type-pathway"association,combined with cutting-edge technologies such as network pharmacology and or-ganoid models,so as to provide a scientific basis for the mechanism and clinical transformation of TCM against RSV infection.

Purpose To explore the role of translesion synthesis-related gene NmrA like redox sensor 1(NMRAL1)in the development of papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods Bioinformatics analysis was em-ployed to investigate the expression of the NMRAL1 gene across various cancer types and its correlation with prognosis.Immunohistochemistry was utilized to analyze the expression pattern of NMRAL1 in PTC and conduct clinicopathological correlation analysis.Additionally,stable cell lines overexpressing NMRAL1 were established in TPC-1 cells.The effects of NMRAL1 overexpression on cell proliferation,migration,and invasion of TPC-1 and Nthy-ori 3-1 cells were assessed using CCK-8 assay,clonogenic assay,Transwell assay,and scratch assay,respectively.Furthermore,RT-qPCR experiments were conducted to investigate the regulatory effect of NMRAL1 on the expression of genes associated with translesion DNA synthesis.Results Bioinformatics analysis revealed that NMRAL1 was highly expressed in all 26 types of tumors compared to normal tissues in the TCGA x GTEx dataset.Patients with high expression of NMRAL1 in thyroid cancer had significantly lower survival rates than those with low expression(P＜0.05).In the immunohisto-chemical validation of 30 PTC samples,NMRAL1 had a positive rate of 73.33％,in PTC tissues,while it was not ex-pressed in adjacent normal thyroid tissues.The staining intensity scores of NMRAL1 in PTC and adjacent tissues exhib-it significant differences(P＜0.000 1).High expression of NMRAL1 was associated with the size of the tumor(P=0.027 4)and lymph node metastasis(P=0.044 1).In vitro functional experiments revealed a significant enhance-ment in both cell proliferation and migration/invasion capacities upon overexpression of NMRAL1(P＜0.05).Moreo-ver,mRNA and protein expression levels of translesion synthesis-related genes were upregulated(P＜0.001).Con-clusion NMRAL1 promotes proliferation and migration of thyroid carcinoma cells,suggesting that this function may be achieved by enhancing DNA damage repair capacity,thereby improving the survival of damaged cells.

Based on the underlying mechanism of acupuncture therapy for intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH),we discussed the research on the pathological mechanism of ICH and the effect of acupuncture therapy in recent 20 years,from primary and secondary brain injury.It was concluded that acupuncture had an intervention effect on multiple links such as hematoma compression,brain edema,oxidative stress,nerve cell death and cerebral blood flow changes.However,there were still problems such as less in vivo research,lack of thinking on syndrome differentiation and insufficient research on the quantity effect and overall regulation of acupuncture.