Many drugs were used in the treatment of SARS. Ribavirin,an antiviral drug, was also used to combat the SARS virus. Combination of ribavirin and corticosteroid was effective in treatment of SARS,but there were side effects.This paper reviewed its application protocol,efficacy,adverse effects and precautions.

To observe the curative effect and the hemodynamic change of cervical vertigo treated by acupuncture, 66 patients were randomly divided into two groups: group A in which acupoints Yuzhen (BL 9) and Fengchi (GB 20) were used and Group B in which Cervical Jiaji points (C4-6) were used. Before and after treatment, the symptom of the cervical vertigo and the grade variety of function and the change of Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CDFI) of vertebral artery were observed. After treatment, the grade in two groups increased, there was a remarkable difference between two groups(P ＜ 0.05); after treatment, the grade of vertigo degree increased, there was a remarkable difference between two groups(P ＜ 0.05); needling Yuzhen (BL 9) and Fengchi (GB 20) can remarkably improve the symptom of cervical vertigo and vertebral artery blood flow rate, and the curative effect was superior to needling Jiaji points.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between computer game addiction,a subtype of internet addiction,and parental Rearing styles.Methods: Using Computer Game Addiction Inventory(CGAI) and EMBU,we investigate a sample of 747 senior high school students in Beijing.According to whether participants' sum score of five dimensions of CGAI is larger than 1.5 SD,we divide them into two groups: tendency to addiction and non-tendency to addiction.Then we analyze the data with methods of MANOVA and Canonical Correlation.Results: There is significant difference in sex distributing between tendency to addiction and non-tendency to addiction.There is also significant difference in parental rearing styles between two groups.Under authoritarian rearing styles,children score higher on nearly every dimension of CGAI.Conclusion: Boys are more likely to get addicted to computer games than girls.Negative parental rearing styles associate closely with computer game addiction.

[Objective]To investigate the effect of salvianoli acid B and hyperoxic solution on experimental ischemia reperfusion injury of extremities.[Method]Twenty-four healthy New Zealand rabbits were divided into 4 groups randomly.Equivalent 0.9%Nacl(group A),hyperoxic solution(group B),salvianoli acid B(group C),salvianoli acid B and hyperoxic solution(group D) were injected through ear edge vein before ischemia.The femoral artery and vein were blocked and the model of ischemia reperfusion injury of extremities was set up.Before ischemia and after 4 hour's reperfusion,the blood samples were taken to measure the levels of blood malondialdehyde(MDA) and superoxide dismutase(SOD).The gastrocnemius muscles were observed by pathologic test.[Result]Serum enzymatic activity of MDA improved obviously.Salvianoli acid B and hyperoxic solution could prevent the improvement of it(P

OBJECTIVE: To study the mechanism of herbal application along meridians for treatment and prevention of asthma by using serum pharmacological test to observe the effects of serum containing herbs against the constriction of tracheal spiral strips induced by acetylcholine chloride (Ach). METHODS: Guinea pigs were randomly divided into normal control group, normal saline (NS) application group, aminophylline application group, aminophylline injection group, 1-day herb application group, 7-day herb application group and 14-day herb application group. Asthma was induced by Hutson's method in guinea pigs except the normal control group. Guinea pigs in herb application groups were treated by external application of a compound herbal medicine 60 min once every day. Guinea pigs in NS application group were treated by external application of NS. Guinea pigs in the two aminophylline-treated groups were treated by external application and intraperitoneal injection of aminophylline at a dose of 400 mg/kg, respectively. The guinea pigs were killed and the sera were obtained after 1-day, 7-day and 14-day treatment in the three herb application groups, 7-day treatment in the NS application group, the aminophylline application and injection groups, respectively. Serum pharmacological method was used to do the experiment, the effects of different sera on the constriction of tracheal strips were observed, and the constriction rates were calculated. RESULT: The serum containing herbs had an effect in reducing the constriction of tracheal spiral strips induced by Ach, and the effect was similar to that of the serum obtained from the aminophylline injection group. The constriction rate of the tracheal spiral strips was decreased when herbal application treatment was prolonged within a period of time, and it became stable when herbal application treatment was between 7-14 days. The constriction of tracheal spiral strips induced by Ach could be reduced remarkably when it was previously treated by serum containing herbs. CONCLUSION: The anti-acetylcholine function with a time-dependent effect is one of the mechanisms of herbal application treatment along meridians for asthma, and furthermore, herbal application treatment along meridians might be useful for preventing asthma.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of bronchofiberscopic washing cytology (BWC) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) ThinPrep cytology test (TCT) in the diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods Three hundred and eighty-five lung cancer patients who completed the BWC and BALF TCT were selected.The sensitivity was compared between the conventional smear and the two TCT methods.The sensitivity and accuracy of BWC and BALF TCT in the diagnosis of lung cancer were analyzed.Results The sensitivity of TCT was 76.1％ (293/385) in the diagnosis of lung cancer,and conventional smear was 54.8％ (211/385).The sensitivity of TCT was significantly higher than that of conventional smear (P ＜ 0.05).In the diagnosis of central lung cancer,the sensitivity of BWC TCT and BALF TCT was 74.4％ (131/176) and 70.5％ (124/176),and there was no statistical difference (P ＞ 0.05).In the diagnosis of peripheral lung cancer,the sensitivity of BALF TCT and BWC TCT was 83.3％ (174/209) and 44.0％ (92/209),and there was statistical difference (P ＜ 0.05).In BWC TCT,the accuracy of TCT and histology in squamous cancer was 92.7％ (127/137),in adenocarcinoma was 92.6％ (151/163),in small cell cancer was 96.8％ (61/63),and total accuracy was 91.9％ (354/385).In BALF TCT,the accuracy of TCT and histology in squamous cancer was 92.0％ (126/137),in adenocarcinoma was 94.5％ (154/163),and in small cancer was 98.4％ (62/63),and total accuracy was 92.7％ (357/385).Conclusions TCT has more diagnostic value in lung cancer.BWC and BALF TCT show different sensitivity in the diagnosis of lung cancer of different kinds.BWC TCT combination with BALF TCT is helpful to improve the diagnosis of lung cancer.

Objective To study the effect of NLK on TGFβsignaling pathway and explore the molecular mechanism .Methods Protein stability assay was used to determine the influence of NLK on the degradation of Smad 4 .In vivo ubiquitination assay was applied to detect the effect of NLK on the ubiquitination of Smad4 .Luciferase reporter gene assay was used to detect the effect of NLK on CAGA‐luc and 3TP‐luc ,the responsive reporter of TGFβ signaling pathway .Real time PCR was applied to examine the effect of NLK on the expression of p21 and PAI‐1 ,the target genes of TGFβsignaling pathway .Results In HEK293T cell ,over ex‐pression of NLK promotes the degradation and ubiquitination of Smad4 .In HEK293T cells ,Ectopic expression of NLK inhibits the activity of CAGA luc and 3TP luc stimulated by TGFβ.In HepG2 cells ,over expression of NLK inhibits the expression of p21 and PAI 1 ,the target genes of TGFβsignaling pathway .Conclusion NLK promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of Smad4 ,conse‐quently inhibits TGFβsignaling pathway .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Guizhi Decoction, Chaihu Guizhi Decoction, Xiaochaihu Decoction and camostat on rat spontaneous chronic pancreatitis and the pathological relationships between formulas and syndromes. METHODS: Fifty-seven male WBN/Kob rats at age of 4 weeks were divided into five groups: untreated group (n=18), Guizhi Decoction-treated group (n=9), Chaihu Guizhi Decoction-treated group (n=9), Xiaochaihu Decoction-treated group (n=9) and camostat-treated group (n=12). The rats in each group were fed with corresponding drugs for 12 weeks. The pancreatic wet weight and histopathological changes of pancreatic tissue were observed every four weeks. Meanwhile, the expression level of pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) in pancreas was detected by RT-PCR technique and immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: In the untreated group, the histopathological changes in pancreas were observed in rats at 12-week age, while such changes were absent in the Guizhi Decoction-treated group. The histopathological changes in pancreas were quite remarkable in rats at 16-week age in both the Xiaochaihu Decoction-treated and the camostat-treated groups. The expression level of PAP mRNA was lower in the Guizhi Decoction-treated group than those in the other groups. The PAP expressions were absent in rats at 12-week age in the Guizhi Decoction-treated and the Chaihu Guizhi Decocion-treated groups. CONCLUSION: Guizhi Decoction, Chaihu Guizhi Decoction, Xiaochaihu Decoction and camostat are all beneficial to prevention and cure of chronic pancreatitis, and Guizhi Decoction is the most effective one. It is speculated that Taiyang exterior syndrome may be the pathogenesis of basic syndrome may be the pathogenesis of basic syndrome of spontaneous chronic pancreatitis, and the expression of PAP may be its pathological basis.

Objective To evaluate clinical effect of accurate pedicle subtraction osteotomy (PSO) using osteotomes in the treatment of thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK).Methods From June 2007 to October 2010,18 patients with TLK underwent accurate PSO using osteotomes under X-ray fluoroscopy,including 13 males and 5 females,with an average age of 48.6 years.The primary causes of TLK included old fracture (11cases),chronic tuberculosis (4 cases) and hemivertebra (3 cases).Deformity apex occurred at T12 (5 cases),L1 (9 cases),and L2 (4 cases).Radiological assessment for sagittal balance was performed by measuring Cobb angle.The Frankel grade,visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were used to evaluate pre-and post-operative neurological status,back pain and function.Results The mean operative time,mean blood loss and mean postoperative drainage volume were 247.0±29.3 minutes,708.5±34.5 ml and 337.3±74.6 ml,respectively.All patients were followed up for 1 to 4.5 years (average,2.8 years).Solid fusion was achieved in all patients.Cobb angle was corrected from preoperative 42.3°±5.7° to 2.2°±1.9° three months postoperatively and 2.7°±2.1 ° at final follow-up.VAS and ODI scores decreased from preoperative 8.5±1.0 and 72.8％±8.3％ to 2.1±0.7 and 21.6％±9.2％ three months postoperatively,and 1.9±0.6 and 19.3％±8.6％ at final follow-up,respectively.With regard to Frankel grade,a 1-grade and 2-grade improvement was observed in 7 cases and 2 cases 3 months postoperatively,respectively.At final follow-up,a 1-grade and 2-grade improvement was observed in 5 cases and 4 cases,respectively.Two patients had transient neurological symptoms postoperatively,which recovered after drug treatment for 2 weeks.No other complications occurred.Conclusion It is safe and effective to correct TLK through accurate PSO using osteotomes,which has some advantages,such as less blood loss,higher fusion rate and fewer complications.

Purpose To study the clinicopathological features, immunophenotype and differential diagnosis of proximal epithelioid sarcoma (PES).Methods The clinical, radiological and pathological features were reviewed in 6 cases of PES.Results The patients consisted of five males and one female with ages ranging from 32 to 74 years (mean 56 years). Clinically, the tumor mass were progressively-growing solitary nodules with the fuctional disorder and pain. The sites of the tumor involvement were buttock (1 case), thigh (2 cases), iliac spine (1 case), lumbar spine (1 case) and anterior sacrum (1 case). Histologically, the tumors were mainly consisted of epithelioid cells with round or oval nuclei, prominent nucleoli and eosinophilic cytoplasm, some tumor cells appeared rhabdoid features. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for vimentin (6/6), CK (5/6), EMA (6/6),β-catenin (6/6), CD99 (5/6), and CD34 (4/6), but negative for S-100 protein, HMB 45, CD 117 and CD 31.Conclusion PES is a distinctive moderate grade malignant tumor with prominent epithelioid and rhabdoid cells appearance.The differential diagnoses include the tumors that have similar cellular appearance with PES, and immunohistochemical staining is useful for diagnosis and differential diagnosis.