Auricular deformity, a common disease of the external ear in China, can be divided into congenital deformity and acquired deformity caused by trauma or ablative origin. Ear reconstruction with autogenous rib cartilage grafts provides consistent emotional relief and psychological benefits due to the repair. However, autogenous reconstruction is complex and challenging, and can be fraught with complications, in addition sometimes it may not be an option for the patients with poor skin cover, severe craniofacial anomalies, those with microtia who have had a failed previous reconstruction and microtia patients with a very low hairline and residual lobe. As an alternative to the significant surgical morbidity of autogenous reconstruction, osseointegrated implant reconstruction has several distinct advantages. This current essay was to illustrate the superiority, indications, feasibility and complications of osseointegrated implant reconstruction, and provide alternative way to help patient who was deprived of ear(s).
Ear Auricle ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Humans ; Osseointegration ; Prostheses and Implants ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the relationship between Alloiococcus otitidis (A. otitidis) and Secretory Otitis Media (SOM) in adults.Methods The study included 39 adult patients suffering from SOM and 42 samples (middle ear effusion, MEE)were collected. We detected the four organisms(A. otitidis ,S. pneumoniae, H.influenzae and M. catarrhalis) by mutiplex PCR, for comparing the bacterial findings in the patients with or without cold history, with or without antibiotic treatment, with effusion of different characters and durations by chi-square test. Results The DNA of A. otitidis was detected from 5 MEEs(11.9%).To acute SOM, only 1 sample was PCR-positive for A. otitidis; and to chronic SOM,4 samples were positive. There was a significant difference between them. There were 3 serous MEEs and 2 mucous MEEs, which were PCR-positive for A. otitidis, and there was a significant difference between them. Antibiotic therapy didn't contribute to PCR-positive for A.otitidis. Conclusion There is A. otitidis in the MEEs of adult SOM and it may be a pathogenic factor in SOM. A. otitidis may play an important role in chronic SOM.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical results and feasibility of auricular prostheses by osseointegration technique for total auricular defect.METHODS Nineteen patients with traumatic total auricular defect who had underwent operation of bone-anchored auricular prosthesis were studied retrospectively.There were 12 cases with congenital microtia after an unsuccessful total auricular reconstruction,1 case with sulfuric acid burn,1 case with high temperature aluminum liquid burn,4 cases with traffic accident and 1 case with knife trauma.All the cases were followed-up for 3 to 5 years.RESULTS All the patients were cured after operation once.They all had vivid appearances with natural color and luster.The auricular prosthesis by osseointegration technique was stable and had no harm for daily life.CONCLUSION Auricular prosthesis by osseointegration technique is a convenient method with less trauma,short curing time,no complication and good result.It is a salvage treatment for patients after unsuccessful total auricular reconstruction.It is also a priority method for patients with scar formation after total auricular defects.

Objective:To evaluate the vestibular function of motion sickness. Method:VNG, which tests the vestibular function of horizontal semicircular canal,and CPT, which tests vestibulospinal reflex and judge proprio-ceptive,visual and vestibular status, were performed in 30 motion sickness pations and 20 healthy volunteers(control group). Graybiel score was recorded at the same time. Result:Two groups' Graybiel score (12. 67±11. 78 vs 2. 10±6. 23;rank test P<0. 05),caloric test labyrinth value [(19. 02±8. 59)°/s vs (13. 58±5. 25)°/s ;t test P< 0. 05],caloric test labyrinth value of three patients in motion sickness group exceeded 75°/s. In computerized pos-tourgrphy testing(CPT) , motion sickness patients were central type(66. 7%) and disperse type(23.3%);all of contral group were central type. There was statistical significance in two groups' CTP area, and motion sickness group was obviously higher than control group. While stimulating vestibulum in CPT, there was abnormality (35%-50%)in motion sickness group and none in contral group. Generally evaluating CPT,there was only 2 pro-prioceptive hypofunction,3 visual hypofunction, and no vestibular hypofunction, but none hypofunction in contral group. Conclusions Motion sickness patients have high vestibular susceptible, some with vestibular hyperfunction. In posturography,a large number of motion sickness patients are central type but no vestibular hypofunction, but it is hard to keep balance when stimulating vestibulum.

Objective To explore the difference between the stapes prosthesis surgery with microscope and with otoscope. Methods Fifty-four patients with otoselerosis accepted stapes prosthesis surgery with the same kind of stapes prosthesis, done in the same operative method by the identical surgeon.All the operations were done with microscopes or with otoscopes. The operative difference and therapeutic effects between microscope surgery and otoscope surgery were analysed. Results There was no difference in the postoperative heating improvement between microscope surgery and otoscope surgery; the operative time of microscope surgery [(30±7)] min was much shorter than that of otoscope surgery [(60±5)] min,with significant statistical difference. Conclusions Stapes prosthesis surgery with microscope, which has advantages of bimanualness, easiness, and short operative time, is much better than that with otoscope.Thus, microscope is still the preferred magnifying equipment in stapes prosthesis surgery.

OBJECTIVE To explore the expression of Bcl-2, on mRNA and protein levels, in the different age of C57BL/6 mice cochleae and the expression localization in the cochleae.METHODS Using ABR to test the hearing level in C57BL/6 mice. Surface preparation of cochlear basil membrane is used to observe the morphology and amout of the outer and inner hair cells in different age of C57BL/6 mice. Fluorescent quantitative real time PCR, immunofluorescence histochemical method and western blot are used to detect the expression of Bcl-2 on the mRNA and protein levels in the C57BL/6 mice cochlea of different age groups ('young group', 'elderly group').RESULTS ABR results showed that the hearing threshold of 'older' C57BL/6 mice is much higher than that in the 'young' mice, and surface preparation of cochlear basil membrane showed the hair cell localized in the cochlear basil turn of 'old' mice arranged in a disorder station and part of hair cells were lost. Also, the spiral ganglion cells arranged sparsely and messily. Fluorescence quantitative real-time PCR results suggest the expression of Bcl-2 on/at the mRNA level of the 'old' mice cochleae decreases significantly, compared to that in the 'young' mice. The results of Immunofluorescence and Western blot suggest the expression of Bcl-2 on/at the protein levels of the 'old' mice cochlea decreased, compared to that in the 'young' mice. Also, the Bcl-2 is located in the cytoplasm, and the expression of Bcl-2 in the inner hair cells seems higher than that in the outer hair cells. CONCLUSION The expression of Bcl-2 significantly deceased in the 'old' C57BL/6 mice cochleae, both on mRNA and protein level, which may be related to the hearing loss and loss of hair cells.

Objective To evaluate and characterize tinnitus patients, and provide profiles for further studying tinnitus.Methods This study included 2 171 tinnitus patients seeking treatment between Janurary 2014 and December 2015 from department of head and neck surgery,Sun Yixian Memorial Hospital,Zhongshan University.Tinnitus measurements consisted of pure tone audiometry and tinnitus matching procedures.The characteristics of tinnitus were analyzed by the essential information and auditory checks of the patients.Results Average age was 44.08±15.37 years old.Tinnitus frequently occurred between 41 to 50 years old(491 cases,22.60%).Unilateral tinnitus was more than bilateral tinnitus, while the cranial tinnitus was rare.The patients with mild or moderate tinnitus had the largest population,with higher average hearing threshold at 8 000 Hz in tinnitus ear than non tinnitus ear.The highest frequency of tinnitus matching frequency was high frequency(4~8 kHz).The first three causes for tinnitus were unknown reasons,sudden deafness and middle ear disease.Conclusion Larger population was subjective tinnitus.Tinnitus was closely related with hearing loss.The causes for tinnitus were complex.Tinnitus retraining therapy is a treatment that is worth to be popularized.

Clinical hematology and hematologic examination is a strong practical curriculum, and experimental class is very important in the aspects of teaching.In order to improve the quality of teaching and train compound laboratory talents with high quality,several effective reform mea-sures were carried out based on the years of teaching practice by the department:improving the methods of experimental teaching;using modern means of teaching;emphasizing on the analysis of experimental results,formulating the rigorous experimental evaluation system and starting the second class etc.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnosis and therapeutic effects for fungal otitis externa by clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, and fungus culture of the ear discharge. METHOD: Sixty outpatients diagnosed with otitis externa were enrolled in the study. All patients were treated with a thorough debridement of the ear and one antifungal medication regimens (compound resorcinol solution) in case of a positive fungus culture. One subgroup of patients treated with daub glycerol during 2 weeks of follow-up. RESULT: Positive cultures were found in 42 cases. The efficacy was observed in all patients even in those who received only ear endoscopy. CONCLUSION Fungal otitis externa could be easily diagnosed by ear endoscopy. A thorough debridement of the ear and utility of compound resorcinol solution is an easy and effective approach for treatment of fungal otitis externa.
Antifungal Agents ; therapeutic use ; Debridement ; Fungi ; Glycerol ; Humans ; Otitis Externa ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Otomycosis ; diagnosis ; Outpatients

Objective To explore the possible mechanism of miR 34a/Bcl-2 apoptotic pathway in the mouse model of age-related hearing loss.Methods A C57BL/6 mouse model of age-related hearing loss was conducted,and 4-week-old and 12-month-old mice were considered as the objects.The auditory brainstem response (ABR) was used to test the hearing function.The TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to observe the apoptosis of neuron in auditory cortex.The mRNA and protein levels of miR-34a,Bcl-2 and caspase 3 were detected by real-time PCR and Western bloting,respectively.Results The ABR showed that the hearing threshold level at 4,8,16,32 kHz were higher in 12-month-old mice than in 4-week-old mice [(80.0±2.5) dBHL vs.(32.0 ±4.5) dBHL,(74.0±3.5) dBHL vs.(51.0±1.2) dBHL,(86.0±4.6) dBHL vs.(51.0±3.5) dBHL,(87.0±6.6) dBHL vs.(56.0±1.5) dBHL,all P＜0.05].Compared with 4 week-old mice,the total number of neurons in auditory cortex was decreased,the number of apoptosis neurons was increased,the expressions of miR-34a (t=6.02,P=0.001),Bax (t=6.51,P=0.012) and Caspase 3 (P=0.023) rised,and the expression of Bcl-2 (t=7.12,P=0.032) declined in 12 month-old mice.Conclusions The activation of miR-34a/Bcl-2 apoptotic pathway may be one of the mechanisms of age-related hearing loss.