Objective To investigate online dating status and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infection among men who have sex with men (MSM)in Chongqing,and provide basis for effective intervention in HIV infec-tion among MSM.Methods 206 MSM in Chongqing were performed structured interview and questionnaire survey, MSM who didn’t conduct HIV testing within half a year were performed laboratory screening,sociological popula-tion characteristics and influencing factors of HIV in MSM were analyzed.Results The average age of 206 MSM was (22.08±1 .81)years old,137 (66.50%)received college education and above,HIV infection rate was 21 .36%(44/206).HIV infection rate in MSM who had no fixed partners was higher than those who had fixed partners;the more sexual partners they had,the greater the risk of HIV infection they got;HIV infection rate in MSM who had sex with unfamiliar persons or strangers was higher than those who had sex with familiar partners;the higher rate of condom use in sexual behavior,the lower rate of HIV infection was,there were significant differences among the groups(all P <0.05).Condom use among MSM with different educational levels was significantly different(all P <0.05).Conclusion HIV infection rate in MSM is high in this city,it is necessary to strengthen education about health,network partner,and behavioral intervention,reduce the bridge population connecting MSM network,es-tablish social support system of homosexuality,and reduce the risk of HIV infection in MSM.

ObjectiveExplore the pathogeny of cell immunity of severe aplastic anemia(SAA),also appraise the effect and prognosis value of T cell subset change in the treatment of SAA.MethodTake normal persons as control,combine CD_3,CD_4,CD_8 with human being peripheral blood monocytes,analyse with flow cell method the cells of CD~+_3,CD~+_4,CD~+_8 in monocyte and CD~+_4/CD~+_8.Compare and analyse T cell subset in 3 groups before and after treatment.ResultCompared with control,there’s obvious meaningful difference in T lymphocytesCD~+_3 and CD~+_8,and CD~+_4/CD~+_8(P

Objective To understand the total suspended particulates(TSP)in ambient air and their characteristics on metallic elements in Xi an.Methods 96air samples were collected from the industrial area,industry-traffic mixed area,heavy traffic area and control area in Xi an during the heating season and unheating season,2001.The concentra-tions of TSP in ambient air and the contents of Pb,Mn,Cr,Ni,Cd in inorganic extracts of TSP were determined.Re -sults The concentration of TSP in ambient air(0.5865mg /m 3 )during heating season was significantly higher than that(0.3535mg /m 3 )during unheating season(P

Objective: To study the effect of HSVtk/GCV system on ascites tumors. Methods: Using the methods of modified XTT assay, animal experiment, transmission electron microscopy (TEM ) and flow cytometric ( FCM) assay. Results: The sensitivity of P388tk cell was about 37-fold than that of their patental P388 cell. Furthermore we found P388tk cells exhibited potent bystander killing. In vivo , the growth of tumors, which were produced by injecting P388tk cells or a mixture of 50% P388tk cells and 50% P388 cells into DBA/2 mice, was inhibited , furthermore mice survival periods were prolonged contrasted to control groups. Conclusion: HSVtk/GCV suicide gene system could effectively killed the HSVtk-gene-positive P388tk cells and nearby HSVtk-gene-negative cells by the bystander effect in vitro and in vivo.

In this paper,a time-frequency approach is used for the recognition and analysis of ECG signals for a normal or an abnormal patient.An iterative deconvolution procedure is applied to calculate the time-frequency representations.This method can enhance the resolutions of the signals.

Objective To examine the current status of the sexual behavior among out‐of‐school adolescent men who have sex with men(MSM)and analyze the influential factors of AIDS infection in order to provide countermeasures.Methods The software SPSS 16.0 was used for cross table analysis and chi square test of questionnaire data and HIV detection data.Results The HIV infection rate was 21.36%.The household registration ,the only child ,living state ,coming out of the closet ,fixed sex‐ual partner ,the way they know sexual partners had no significant effects on HIV infection(P>0.05).Having multiple sexual partners(P<0.05) ,unfamiliar with sexual partners(P<0.05) ,having sex with network friends(P<0.05) ,no condom use in sexual life(P<0.01) ,having no regular HIV testing(P<0.01)were significantly related to HIV infection.Conclusion Reduc‐ing the sexual behavior among out‐of‐school adolescent MSM ,carrying out HIV counseling and testing ,promoting the use of condoms contribute to the reduction of HIV infection.

Objective To investigate and analyze the expression of α-SMA and PCNA in abdominal aorta and renal artery in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS)combined with hypertension rats. Methods 36 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group and model group. The model group was subjected to intermittent hypoxia condition for 8h everyday. Rat tail artery pressure was monitored every week and all subjects were sacrificed at 12th week. The level of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and hs-CRP expression in serum were measured by ELISA method. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Results Compared with control group,model rats blood pressure increased significantly (P < 0.01) when exposed for 4 weeks under intermittent hypoxia condition,and reached the peak value of 186mmHg at 12 weeks. The level of TNF-α, IL-6 , IL-10 and hs-CRP in serum were higher than in control group (P < 0.01). Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of α-SMA in abdominal aorta decreased more significantly than control group (P < 0.05),while there was a stronger positive expression of PCNA in model group than those in control (P < 0.05). In addition,compared with control rats, model rats showed a higher expression of α-SMA and PCNA significantly in renal artery(P < 0.05). Conclusion The intermittent hypoxia condition could result in higher blood pressure,while the different expression of α-SMA and PCNA illustrate that high pressure show different reconstruction performance in different vascular,underlying different molecular mechanism.

Objective To assess the influence of atrial fibrillation on post-thrombolytic hemorrhagic transformation and functional prognosis in acute ischemic stroke patients within different time window.Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and imaging data of patients of acute ischemic stroke with intravenous thrombolysis admitted from June 2009 to October 2013.According to onset-to-needle time,we divided patients into 3 groups and then assessed the effect of the comorbidity with atrial fibrillation on the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation and favorable outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale score≤2 at 90 days) after thrombolysis within different time window.Results A total of 345 patients were included in this study,among whom 101 (29.3％) were treated by intravenous thrombolysis within 3.0 h (≤3.0 h),157(45.5％) ＞3.0 h and≤4.5 h,87(25.2％) over 4.5 h(＞4.5 h).Atrial fibrillation was observed in 50.5％ (51/101) patients in ≤3.0 h group,37.6％ (59/157) in ＞3.0 h and≤4.5 h group and 40.2％ (35/87) in ＞ 4.5 h group (x2 =4.362,P =0.113).There were no statistically significant differences among these three groups about the rate of hemorrhagic transformation (hemorrhagic infarction:16.8％ (17/101),22.3％ (35/157),20.7％ (18/87),and parenchymal hematoma:5.0％ (5/101),10.2％ (16/157),10.3％ (9/87),x2 =4.278,P =0.370) and favorable outcome (51.5％ (52/101),53.5％ (84/ 157),47.1％ (41/87),x2 =0.913,P =0.633).Multivariate analysis demonstrated that atrial fibrillation was associated with hemorrhagic infarction for patients in ＞ 4.5 h group (OR =3.637,95％ CI 1.101-12.013,P =0.034),and the presence of atrial fibrillation independently predicted parenchymal hematoma for patients in ＞ 3.0 h and ≤4.5 h group (OR =3.757,95％ CI 1.133-12.457,P =0.030).There was no significant association between atrial fibrillation and favorable outcome at 90 days.Conclusions The presence of atrial fibrillation is not associated with the prognosis in thrombolytic patients.However,it enhanced the risk of parenchymal hematoma if patients were treated within the time window ＞ 3.0 h and ≤4.5h.

After severance the ventral spinal roots in 10 dogs, the distribution of the anterograde degeneration was studied by means of Nauta's technique with the following conclusions:1. After sectioning the ventral roots, degenerating fibers (including preterminal and terminal fibers) appeared regularly in the spinal cord and medulla oblongata. This confirms that there are afferent fibers which project into the central nervous system via the ventral spinal roots.2. These degenerating fibers ascended not only in the posterior funiculi, but also in the gray matter, so that the preterminal and terminal degenerations of the terminal branches or collateral branches were found in the columna grisea posterior of the thoracic and cervical segments above the surgically operated segments of the spinal cord.3. The preterminal and terminal degenerations were found in the reticular areas of the nucleus gracilis of the medulla oblongata and around the non-cluster cells.4. Degenerating fibers were unequally distributed, most of them located ipsilaterally. The degenerating fibers decreased in number in rostral segments.5. Afferent fibers in ventral roots differ from those in dorsal roots in distribution:a) From the operated segment and to far more rostral segments, afferent fibers of the ventral root were distributed in a more medial position in the spinal dorsal gray column, viz, "medial tendency", and then ascended after interposing into the funiculi gracilis. This is different from the afferent fibers of the dorsal root in the control group which were distributed in "equal tendency" in the dorsal column and took a "lateral addition fashion" of entering the funiculi gracilis.b) Apparently, much more afferent fibers in ventral roots projected contralaterally than those in the dorsal roots.c) It was also characteristic that the afferent fibers in ventral roots projected further toward the rostral segments of the spinal cord.

This study examined the effects of a combined surgery of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and modified jejunoileal bypass (JIB) on the body weight, food intake, and the plasma levels of active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and total ghrelin of rats. Rats were divided into 3 groups in terms of different surgical protocol: SG-JIB (n=12), SG (n=12), JIB (n=12) and sham surgery groups (n=10). In SG-JIB group, rats was subjected to sleeve gastrectomy and end to side anastomosis of part of the jejunum (25 cm from the ligament of Treitz) to the ileum 25 cm proximal to the cecum. The body weight and food intake were evaluated during 10 consecutive weeks postoperatively. The levels of active GLP-1 and total ghrelin in the plasma of the rats were measured by ELISA assay. The results showed that the SG-JIB treated rats relative to SG- or JIB-treated ones produced a sustained reduction in food intake and weight gain. The level of active GLP-1 was elevated and total ghrelin level decreased in SG-JIB-treated rats as compared with SG- or JIB-treated ones. It was concluded that SG-JIB could efficiently reduce the body weight and food intake, alter obesity-related hormone levels of the rats, indicating that SG-JIB may be potentially used for the treatment of obesity.