For improving the study of allergic asthma.We have designed a new method for assessing the degranulation of human basophils.The procedure involved the concentration of basophils with Ficoll-Hypaque(density 1.085).The staining of heparin whithin basophils with Alcian blue dye,and the counting of non degranulating basophils by using a haemacytometer.The percentage of basophils having degranulated in the presence of antigen over 30% was considered as positive.The HBDT was performed on 135Cases of allergic asthma and on 91 healthy Controls with Oermatophagoides farinaeextract as antigen.The positive rates were 68.2% in the above patients and 0% in thecontrols. Concordance of the results between HBDT and skin test,HBDT and ELISA,HBDTand RAST reached 83.3%,78.31% and 84% respectively.127 asthmatics were divided atrandom into two groups,with 63 cases in the treated by mite-desensitization.and 64cases for control. It was demonstrated that the treated group with positive HBDT showed the mosteffective results

The data presented in this work demonstrated that the neuroendocrine polypeptide 7B2(residues 1-150) can decrease active T rosettes formation,at the concentration of 300-500 pg/ml,using 12 different porcine thymocyte preparations,or 10 different human T lymphocytepreparations.Synthetic 7B2 (23-39) showed a similar inhibitory effect,but not with 7B2 (117-128) or 7B2 (141-150).50% of human and porcine thymocytes showed bright fluorescent spotson cell surface by immunofluorescent microscope and FACS analysis after incubation of the thy-mocytes with rabbit anti-TB2 (23-39) antibody,then fluoresceincoupled goat anti-rabbit IgG(second antibody).Furthermore,cell surface fluorescent staining was abolished by preincubationof thymocytes with 0.5% trypsin,but was only slightly reduced by heat pretreatment,suggest-ing that the observed binding was due to 7B2 interaction with a thymocyte surface protein.

To evaluate several laboratory methods for the diagnosis and prediction of high risk baby developing allergic diseases. It also evaluats the severity and the treatment effects on allergic diseases . It recommend, the use of evidence-based medicine technique to improve the development of these diagnosis methods.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of different extraction methods on the content of cholalic acid from Artificial Bezoar. METHODS: Artificial Bezoar from 3 different habitats was used to extract cholalic acid by hydrolization vs. hydrolization-free method, and the content of cholalic acid was determined by HPLC-ELSD(high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection). RESULTS: The content of cholalic acid in the hydrolyzed sample was higher than that in the non-hydrolyzed sample of the same batch. CONCLUSION: Through hydrolization, the binding cholalic acid in the artificial bezoar was transformed into free cholalic acid so that the content of cholalic acid was increased. Therefore, it is more reasonable to control the quality of Artificial Bezoar by taking the contents of total cholalic acid and free cholalic acid as indexes.

Objective:To identify the contributions of allergen to Th1 and Th2 by determined the levels of IFN-?,IL-4 and the transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)of allergic asthmatics.Methods:①Plasma IFN-? and IL-4 were measured in 35 asthmatics and 32 healthy by ELISA,as well as the production of IFN-? and IL-4 by Dermatophagoides farinae(Df)-activated PBMC in asthmatics and 15 healthy controls.②Twenty-five asthmatics and 15 healthy persons were enrolled.The T-bet mRNA and GATA-3 mRNA expressing levels in PBMC were assayed by one step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results:①The plasma IL-4 in the patients was significantly higher than that in healthy(t=3.265 9,P=0.001 7).The plasma IFN-? levels in asthmatics were no significantly different from that of the healthy(t=0.306 8,P=0.760 0).② In the condition of PBMCs activated by Df,the IL-4 and IFN-? levels in asthmatics were increased compared with healthy(t=3.564 4,P=0.001 0;t=3.350 0,P=0.002 0).③ There were some expression of the transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 of PBMC in asthmatics and healthy.The expression of GATA-3 in the patients was significantly higher than that in healthy(t=2.274 3,P=0.028 0).The expression of T-bet and the ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 in the patients was no significant difference with the healthy(t=0.222 0,P=0.825 8;t=1.115 2,P=0.283 4).④ In the Df-activated PBMC,the expression of T-bet and GATA-3 in asthmatics were significantly higher than that of healthy(t=2.298 2,P=0.027 6;t=3.788 7,P=0.000 6),but the ratio of T-bet/GATA-3 was no significant difference with healthy(t=1.195 9,P=0.249 1).Conclusion:The production of Th2,Th1 cytokines and the expression of GATA-3 and T-bet in allergic asthmatics are both increased.It is suggested that the imbanlance of Th1/Th2 unsatisfactorily explain the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.

AIM:To investigate the efficacy of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin(BCG)on IL-12,IL-10 expressions of infants with none or low response to recombinant hepatitis B vaccine.METHODS:The geometric mean titer(GMT)of anti-HBs was tested by radio-immunity assay after hepatitis B vaccine stimulation,selected 60 cases with non-or low-response(GMT

Objective To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ(PPAR-γ)in non-obese diabetic mice(NOD mice)with Sj(o)gren's syndrome(SS)．Methods Twenty 8-weeks-old female NOD mice were randomly divided into 2 groups．Rosiglitazone and normal saline were administered for the rosiglitazone group and control group respectively．At age of 12 weeks and 15 weeks，one mouse in the rosiglitazone group and the control group were killed respectively,and the others were sacrificed at the age of 17 weeks．Blood were obtained by cardiac puncture，and minor salivary glands (MSG) were resected．The histopathological changes waere examined by H&E staining．The level of IL-1β，IL-4，IL-6 and TNF-α in serum were measured by ELISA．Real-time PCR waft used to evaluate the mRNA expression level of IL-1β，IL-4，IL-6 and TNF-α in MSG．Student's t-test was used to assess the differences．Results Compared with the control group，the mice in the rosiglitazone group showed that：①histopatho-logical change was significantly ameliorated．②At the age of 17 weeks，IL-6[(26±7)vs(37±11)，t=-2．298] and TNF-α[(57±22)vs(79±21)，t=-2．188] were expressed significantly lower and IL-4[(26±13)vs(12±4)，t=2．438 ] was expressed significantly higher in serum(P<0．05)．③The expression of TNF-αwas significantly decreased and the expression of IL-4 was significantly increased in MSG (P<0．05)．Conclusion PPAR-γ can ameliorate SS on NOD mice effectively．The mechanism may be related to reduction of Th1 cytokines，and the Th1/Th2 balance is changed into Th2 predominant．

Both the lecture based learning mode and problem based learning mode have their advantages and disadvantages in imparting knowledge and cultivating students'ability.Therefore according to the characteristics of clinical education,two kinds of methods should be used together to complement each other in clinical education of surgery so that knowledge can be systematically imparted to students through lecture based learning,and the abilities such as self-study,oral expression,cooperate and innovation can be cultivated through problem based learning to improve the quality of education.

National advanced training course of traditional Chinese orthopedic and traumatology in anatomy experiment is a short-term courses designed for grassroots doctors.Special training content and methods are designed for the multi-level cadets in the short-term courses.How to use teaching staff advantage to optimize course setting and improve the teaching effects will be discussed in this article.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine on controlled hypotension during endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods Forty patients undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery were randomly divided into group R and group D, 20 in each group. All patients received controlled hypotension when the surgeons began to sterilize the nasal cavity for the purpose of maintaining the MAP at 60 ~ 70 mmHg. Group R received remifentanil 1μg/kg over 1 minute, followed by 0.2 to 0.4μg/kg per minute infusion during maintenance, whereas group D received dexmedetomidine 1μg/kg over 10 minutes, followed by 0.2 to 0.7μg/kg per hour during maintenance. At the moment of pre-induction(T0), incision(T1), 30 min(T2) and 60 min(T3) after incision and 10 min(T4) after end of controlled hypotension, MAP and HR were measured. Quality of the surgical field, blood loss and extubation time were recorded. Sedation and postoperative pain were assessed on arrival at the PACU. Results The goals for the MAP level were achieved and the surgical field quality was ideal in both groups. The MAP and HR values at T1~ T3 were significantly lower than those at T0 in both groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the MAP or HR values between the groups at each time point (P>0.05). No significant difference was founded between the groups in the Fromme operative field score and blood loss (P > 0.05). The extubation time was significantly shorter in group R than in group D(P<0.05). The sedation score in the PACU was significantly lower in group R than in group D(P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in postoperative pain between the groups(P<0.05). Conclusion Both remifentanil and dexmedetomidine are safe agents for controlled hypotension and are effective in providing satisfactory surgical fields during endoscopic sinus surgery. However , remifentanil is advantageous in time for extubation and complete consciousness from anesthesia and therefore it may have the advantage of fast track anesthesia.