DNA vaccine plays an important role in the treatment of cancer, infectious disease and self-immune disease. Further enhancement of immune responses to DNA vaccines is one of the hot spots in the vaccine development. Among the research combining the electroporation with DNA vaccination improves plasmid gene expression in vivo and significantly enhances the immune responses. This review gives an overview of the application, effectiveness and prospect of electroporation in improving the efficacy of DNA vaccine.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) combined with Rhubarb at early stage on inflammatory cytokine in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis.Methods Fifty two patients with SAP were randomly divided into three groups,the conventional treatment group,the CRRT group,and the combined group.CRRT was inplemented in 48 h after the diagnosis of SAP.APACHE-Ⅱ score,mortality were compared before and after treatment.Double sandwich ELISA method was used to detect the levels of interleukin 22 (IL 22),IL-18 and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α).Results The clinical effect in combined group was better than other groups,and the mortality was lower than other groups,but the difference was not statisticaly different(P＞0.05).The levels of IL-22,TNF-α and IL-18 were not significantly different among three groups before treatment (P＞0.05).After treatment,the inflammatory factors decreased in all groups.The levels of IL-18,TNF-and IL-22 in CRRT group and combined group were significantly lower than those in control group (P＜0.05),and the combined group decresed most abviously(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in APACHE Ⅱ score among the three groups before treatment (P＞0.05),while the APACHE-Ⅱ scores were significantly decreased after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).After treatment,the APACHE-Ⅱ score of the combined group were significantly lower than the other two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The therapy of CRRT combined with Rhubarb at early period in SAP patients can better clean up inflammatory cytokines of IL-22,TNF-,IL-18,so that patients with SAP can get more clinical benefits.

The Contents of EPA and DHA were enriched from fish oil by lower temperature crystallization. After first separation,the concentration of EPA and DHA went up to 50%-58% from 7%-15%,and to 73%-79%after sencond separation. The selection of solvents and conditions of crystallization were discussed.

Background and purpose:The radio-labeled glucose analogue F-18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose(FDG) is the most widely used tracer in PET imaging,and its application in oncology has become one of the standard imaging modalities.But FDG uptake is not tumor specifi c.The aim of this paper was to study the endoscopic result with the patients of 18F-FDG accumulations in gastrointestinal tract after PET-CT examinations.Methods:Thirtythree patients with 18F-FDG accumulations in gastrointestinal tract were correlated with endoscopic and histopathologic results.Results:Of these,14 patients were harboring newly occurring cancers in gastrointestinal tract(esophagus cancer,2 patients;gastric cancer,5 patients;colorectal cancer,7 patients) .Eight patients were identified with precancerous lesions(adenoma,4 patients;hyperplastic polyp,1 patient;Barrett’s esophagus,1 patient;intestinal metaplasia of the gastric mucosa,2 patients) .Inflammatory lesions were detected in six patients(active colitis,5 patients;anastomotic leakage,1 patient) .In fi ve patients,PET/CT showed normal fi ndings in endoscopic examinations.The false positive rate of PET-CT was 33.33%(11/33) .Conclusion:Endoscopic result is important for patients of 18F-FDG accumulations in gastrointestinal patient.

Anemia is commonly observed in lung cancer patients,and it is mainly caused by chemotherapy.Anemia can cause several debilitating symptoms such as fatigue and tachycardia which will not only influence the patients' quality of life and therapy effect,but also short the survival time.So anemia has been regarded as a poor independent prognostic indicator of the disease.Transfusion the erythrocytes and using the erythropoiesis stimulating agents is the main treatments of the disease.Using the erythropoiesis stimulating agents is the main treatment before the hemoglobin decreasing significantly in order to reduce the times of transfusion.Keeping the hemoglobin between 10.0-12.0 g/dl can improve the patients' quality of life and avoid the adverse events such as thrombus formation at the same time.

Objective:To observe the effect of overdose fluoride on the expression of bFGF in rat's dental pulps.Methods:NaF at 20 mg/(kg?d) was given to each of 10 Wister rats by stomach perfusion for 8 weeks, another 10 rats were given the same volume of distilled water as the controls.After treatment,HE staining was used to observe the morphology of the teeth, immunohistochemical staining was adopted for study the expression of bFGF in the dental pulps of the rats.Results:The enamel layer and dentin layer of the incisors in NaF treated rats were thinner than those in the controls,the interglobular dentin was increased and the expression of bFGF in dental pulp and inner dentin was inhibited in the NaF treated rats(P

Objective To investigate the effect on NO、IL-10、CRP and bacterial translocation rate by glutamine enriched parenteral nutrition solution in purulent appendicitis in children.Methods72 cases of acute suppurative appendicitis complicated with peritonitis were selected and randomLy divided into control and treatment groups.Patients (36 cases) in the control group were given antibiotics and parenteral nutrition support for 7 days, 36 cases in the experiment group were given glutamine enriched parenteral nutrition solution for 7 days.NO、IL-10、 CRP and bacterial translocation rate were compared after the treatment.ResultsCompared with before treatment, two groups of patients with content of FT3, FT4 was higher(P<0.05), CRP, NO and IL-10、 content in serum was lower (P<0.05), 16Sr and BG positive rate was lower (P<0.05).Compared with the control group, the serum FT3, FT4 was higher(P<0.05), CRP, IL-8 and IL-6 content in serum was lower (P<0.05), 16Sr and BG positive rate was lower (P<0.05).ConclusionGlutamine enriched parenteral nutrition solution can significantly improve thyroid hormone levels,reduce serum CRP, bacterial translocation rate, and adverse reactions were mild.

National advanced training course of traditional Chinese orthopedic and traumatology in anatomy experiment is a short-term courses designed for grassroots doctors.Special training content and methods are designed for the multi-level cadets in the short-term courses.How to use teaching staff advantage to optimize course setting and improve the teaching effects will be discussed in this article.

Objective To establish a method for detecting Aspergillus spp.by Loop-mediated isothermal amplification.Methods Aspergillus spp.specific primers were designed from the relative conservation region of the published sequence of 28S rRNA genes of A.fumigatus (GenBank accession number AY660917),A.terreus (GenBank accession number AF454183),A.flavus (GenBank accession number AF454158),and A.niger (GenBank accession number AF454169).Genomic DNA were extracted from Aspergillus standard strains,clinical control strains and clinical samples,and amplified by LAMP.The amplified results could be read with the naked eye by the coloring effect of fluorescent nucleotide dye without the DNA electrophoresis.Approximately 103 each Aspergillus conidia suspension was added to the serum from healthy volunteers,and detected these simulative clinical samples bv LAMP assay.Results The LAMP and PCR assays obtained positive results for all four Aspergillus species and 8 simulative clinical samples (double samples for each Aspergillus species) including 103 conidia,but negative in the remaining 15 non-Aspergillus species,human total blood genomic DNA,30 clinical serum samples infected with non-Aspergillus and 10 healthy volunteers.The LAMP assay had a minimum detection of 0.05-0.5pg,by means of detect different levels of 500,50,5,0.5,0.05 pg template in each reaction tube.Conclusion The results confirm that LAMP is a simple,rapid,sensitive and specific method,and can be used for detection of Aspergillus strains in clinical and environmental specimens.

The authors analyzed current situation of teachers and students' law consciousness and proposed that we should well know the rights and obligations of the doctor and patient and improve the quality of case history.