1.Pharmacokinetics character of propofol during anhepatic period of pediatric liver transplantation
Yipin ZHU ; Liqun YANG ; Weifeng YU
Academic Journal of Second Military Medical University 2001;0(09):-
Objective: To investigate pharmacokinetics of propofol during anhepatic period of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) in children. Methods: In 5 children undergoing OLT, 2 mg/kg propofol was injected intravenously at the beginning of induction and anhepatic periods respectively. The plasma concentration of propofol was measured by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC), and the pharmacokinetics character of propofol between anhepatic and inducing periods were compared. Results: Propofol had wide distribution and high clearance, and its plasma concentration-time curves were fitted to a three-compartment open model. Conclusion: There is no difference of propofol metabolism between anhepatic and inducing periods, suggesting that there must be notable extra-hepatic metabolism when propofol used in children undergoing OLT.
2.Development and validation of a quality appraisal tool for case reports in traditional Chinese medicine using the Delphi method
Duoting TAN ; Hao LIANG ; Yipin YU ; Jin GUO ; Liqin ZHONG ; Zhixi HU
Digital Chinese Medicine 2025;8(2):137-146
Objective:
To develop a quality appraisal tool for case reports in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) based on their characteristics.
[Methods]:
An extensive literature search was conducted in Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ), focusing on expert consensus statements and checklists for TCM case reports. Relevant items were extracted, and a Delphi method involving 34 experts was used in two rounds to rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale. Items were screened based on measures of central tendency and coordination (including total score, mean score, percentage of items rated as unimportant, and coefficient of variation). The weighted average method was used to determine item weights and construct the appraisal tool. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s α coefficient. The finalized tool was pilot-tested by two reviewers independently appraising 20 case reports, with an additional four reviewers evaluating 5 of these cases to compare inter-rater consistency.
Results:
A total of 9 513 articles were retrieved, and 96 items from 25 articles were extracted. After two rounds of the Delphi method, 27 items across 10 domains were retained. The Cronbach’s α coefficient was 0.72 in the first round (acceptable range), and 0.96 in the second round, indicating strong internal consistency. The tool was piloted by six reviewers, achieving a kappa value of 0.663 and a Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of 0.845, demonstrating high consistency among reviewers.
Conclusion
The developed TCM case report quality appraisal tool, consisting of 27 items in 10 domains, offers a scientific and reliable means of assessing the quality of TCM case reports. The tool showed high consistency and practical utility, and its application is expected to enhance the standardization, scientific rigor, and evidence quality of TCM case reports, facilitating the integration of traditional medical knowledge with modern evidence-based standards.
3.Current status of hypoglycemic drug use among 3297 adult patients with type 2 diabetes in 15 urban communities of Beijing:Beiiing Community Diabetes Study-7
Bin LI ; Hanjing FU ; Shenyuan YUAN ; Liangxiang ZHU ; Jinkui YANG ; Gang WAN ; Sufang PAN ; Mei YU ; Xianglei PU ; Jiandong ZHANG ; Xueping DU ; Yuling LI ; Yu JI ; Xiaoning GU ; Yue LI ; Xueli CUI ; Wei BAI ; Yujie CHEN ; Ziming WANG ; Qingsheng ZHU ; Ying GAO ; Deyuan LIU ; Yipin WANG
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners 2011;10(11):796-800
Objective To investigate current status of use of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin among adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in urban community of Beijing.Methods In total,3297 T2DM patients aged more than 20 years from 15 urban communities of Beijing were studied.Their body weight,height,fasting plasma glucose level and glycosylated hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) were measured.A door-to-door questionnaire survey on use of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin was conducted for them.All the T2DM patients surveyed were divided into four groups based on their received intervention.Results ①Of 3279 T2DM patients,454 (13.8%) received lifestyle intervention,971 (29.5%) used only one oral hypoglycemic drug,1179 (35.7%) with combined oral hypoglycemic drugs,and 693(21.0%) with insulin.②There was significant difference in average HbAlc among the four groups of T2DM patients with lifestyle intervention,only one oral hypoglycemic drug,combined oral hypoglycemic drugs,and insulin,with HbAI c of (7.0 ± 1.9) %,(7.1 ± 1.5) %,(7.4 ± 1.5 ) %,and (7.5 ± 1.5 ) %for them,respectively ( F =15.1,P < 0.01 ).Proportions of the T2DM patients with HbAlc equal to or higher than 7.0% were 32.2%,39.4%,52.1% and 59.5% for the four groups,respectively ( x2 =117.7,P < 0.01 ).③In the T2DM patients with lifestyle intervention,32.2% (146/454) of them with HbA1 c equal to or higher than 7.0% were untreated with any oral hypoglycemic drug.In those with only one oral hypoglycemic drug,39.4% (383/971) of them with HbAlc equal to or higher than 7.0% were not treated with combined oral hypoglycemic drugs and/or insulin.In those with combined oral hypoglycemic drugs,52.1% (614/1079) of them with HbAlc equal to or higher than 7.0% were not received combined insulin treatment.④ Fasting plasma glucose level,treatment strategies,postprandial 2-h blood glucose level and length of the illness were independent risk factors for HbAlc level equal to or higher than 7.0%,with odds ratio (OR) of 1.757,1.256,1.175 and 1.031,respectively.⑤ In 2843 T2DM patients with oral hypoglycemie drugs and/or insulin treatment,1494 (52.6% ) received biguanides and 693 received (24.4% )insulin,respectively.Conclusions More than half of adult patients with T2DM do not meet the target of glycemic control of HbAlc less than 7.0% in urban communities of Beijing,due to not active use of oral hypoglycemic drugs,and not timely adoption of combined use of oral hypoglycemic drugs and insulin therapy.
4.Prevalence of dyslipidemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing urban communities:Beijing community diabetes study 8
Guangran YANG ; Shenyuan YUAN ; Hanjing FU ; Gang WAN ; Liangxiang ZHU ; Mingxia YUAN ; Sufang PAN ; Xianglei BU ; Jiandong ZHANG ; Xueping DU ; Yuling LI ; Yu JI ; Xiaoning GU ; Yue LI ; Xueli CUI ; Wei BAI ; Yujie CHEN ; Ziming WANG ; Shuyan CHENG ; Ying GAO ; Deyuan LIU ; Yipin WANG
Chinese Journal of General Practitioners 2012;(10):748-752
Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Beijing urban communities.Methods Total 3316 subjects with type 2 diabetes (age 20-80 years) were recruited from 15 urban community health centers in Beijing using a multi-stage random sampling approach.Dyslipidemia was diagnosed according to Chinese Guidelines on Prevention and Treatment of Dyslipidemia in Adults:2007 version.Results Among 3316 diabetic subjects (1329 malesand 1987 females),75.6% (2506/3316) had dyslipidemia,the prevalence was 72.5% (964/1329)in men and 77.6% (1542/1987) in women.The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia was 41.9% (1388/3316) and 48.1% (1595/3316),respectively.31.5% (1043/3316) subjects had high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and 21.2% (703/3316) had low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).Among all subjects with dyslipidemia only 22.9% (575/2506) took hypolipid agents.The overall blood lipid control rates of triglyceride (TG),total cholesterol (TC),LDL-C and HDL-C in 1393 subjects with dyslipidemia history were 48.0% (669/1393),17.4% (242/1393),30.9% (430/1393) and 75.8% (1056/1393),respectively.Diabetics with dyslipidemia had higher body mass index,waist circumference,blood pressure,plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c.The prevalence of dyslipidemia in the overweight and uncontrolled-glucose group were 79.0% (1678/2125),78.9% (1756/2227),respectively.Logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,body mass index and hemoglobin A1c were associated with dyslipidemia.Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia in diabetic subjects in Beijing urban communities is high and less than one quarter patients take hypolipid agents.Age,body mass index and hemoglobin A1c are the risk factors of dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients.